On South Stavropol Territory in the foothills of the Greater Caucasus Range amazing place- Caucasian Mineral water. This resort corner is located at the junction of the Mineralovodskaya sloping plain and the northern slopes of the Caucasus Range, exactly in the middle between the Caspian and Black Seas. On the one hand, the region is surrounded by snowy peaks, and on the other hand, by the arid Caspian steppes. All this forms a very valuable healing climate, appreciated by balneologists and vacationers. Interestingly, the French Cote d'Azur and the Spanish Adriatic lie almost on the same latitude as the Caucasus.

Usually, the agglomeration of the cities of Pyatigorsk, Essentuki, Kislovodsk, Zheleznovodsk and Mineralnye Vody is considered to be Kavminvod. Although geographically CMS is much larger. Starting from the foot of Elbrus in the south and ending in the area of ​​the city of Mineralnye Vody, the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody region covers an area of ​​more than five hundred thousand hectares.

Given this, the CMS region can be attributed to the middle mountains, because maximum height above sea level reaches 2592 meters (Bermamyt plateau).

It is conditionally possible to divide the CMS into two climatic zones: south and north. The first will include Kislovodsk - there are more sunny days and there are almost no strong winds. This is a climate with pronounced features of the continental lowlands. Kislovodsk is located in a natural basin, surrounded on all sides by mountains that hold back clouds. Thanks to this, the sun shines in Kislovodsk 300 days a year. It is one of the sunniest cities in the world.

Pyatigorsk, Essentuki, Zheleznovodsk can be attributed to the northern part of the CMS, it is also very sunny and warm here, but the humidity and precipitation are higher. Although, quite often you can observe how it rains in one of the cities of the resort, while in other cities it is clear and sunny. The weather can change several times a day. It happens very quickly. There is even such a saying among the people: "North Caucasus - keep gloves in reserve."

Winters in the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody are warm; snow rarely stays longer than ten days. Snow in winter is less common than rain. In autumn, often, warm weather lasts until the end of November. The proximity of the Greater Caucasus Range and a large number of green spaces soften the summer heat. Spring is usually early: in April-May, many residents and vacationers already begin to swim in rivers and lakes.

History of the resort

The first relatively accurate information about the mineral waters of the Caucasus appeared in 1717, when Peter I gave the task to the life physician, Dr. Schober, to find and study hot waters near the first Russian fortress of Terki, later called Bragunsky. In his report, Schober described the springs in the lands of the Pyatigorsk Circassians, as the Kabardians used to be called in Russia. From that moment, the study of the healing properties of the Kavminvodsky mineral springs begins. Unfortunately, after the death of Peter I, all initiatives for the development of resorts in the CMS were stopped.

In 1780, at the foot of Mount Mashuk, the Constantinogorsk fortress was founded. The soldiers were the first to notice the healing properties of the hot springs of the future Pyatigorsk. For the study of mineral springs, the Academy of Sciences sends the doctor of medicine Peter Simons Pallas. He studied for a year medicinal properties water. In addition to the Pyatigorsk springs, Pallas also explored the Kislovodsk Narzan. He noted that water bursts out of the ground with great force and is able to lift a person bathing in it.

After the report of P. S. Pallas, the CMS region becomes famous. People come here for treatment from the most remote corners of Russia.

In 1803, Alexander I, with his rescript, assigned the resort status to the Caucasian Mineral Waters. Appropriations are allocated for the arrangement and development of the resort. Despite state support, the resort is developing poorly. The hospitals are in disrepair. The aristocracy prefers to travel to foreign resorts. So, according to data for 1860, Russians spent about 160 million rubles in foreign resorts.

In order to remedy the situation, in 1861 the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody were leased to the entrepreneur Novoselsky, and after that to A. M. Baikov. This did not give the desired results, and two years later the resort is again returned to the state.

Resort Development

In the sixties of the XIX century, scientists-researchers Smirnov and Batalin carried out serious work to study the balneological features of the Caucasian resorts and mineral springs. A Geological Committee is being created, which conducts a comprehensive study of the subsoil. 1893 was marked by the opening of a railway line that connected all the cities of the resort with the Vladikavkaz branch. As a result, the resort is rapidly gaining popularity. By 1914, the number of tourists increased by more than 45 times. More than 100,000 people visited Caucasian Mineralnye Vody this year.

In 1919, the Caucasian Mineral Waters resorts received a safe-conduct and the status of "publicly important". The decree signed by V. I. Lenin saves the infrastructure from looting.

In 1920, the Balneological Institute was created in Pyatigorsk, which exists to this day. The Institute is engaged in the study of balneological factors in the treatment and prevention of various diseases.

During the Second World War, all the sanatoriums and boarding houses of the resort received the wounded.

Resort today

Today, there are about a hundred sanatoriums in the region, which are visited by more than seven hundred thousand people a year.

You can come to rest at any time of the year, but if you plan to come in the summer, it is better to think about purchasing tickets in advance. They say that in Soviet times in the summer in the cities of the Caucasus Mineral Waters, the number of people in the cities tripled due to vacationers. Of course, such popularity is explained not only by medical factors. One Narzan will not be full. The region has a large number of cafes for every taste and color. Probably, only here you can taste the dishes of a wide variety of peoples: Russian, Kabardian, Jewish, Azerbaijani, Turkish, Ossetian, Karachay, Armenian, Chinese, Japanese and even Vietnamese cuisine - choose, compare, evaluate. I'm sure you'll find something to your liking in each one. And yet, try not to get confused in the various ways of cooking barbecue and remember the main differences. After all, if you forget, you will have to repeat the entire course again, and one ticket may not be enough time.

If you are tired of culinary delights, then you should know that there are places to get spiritual food in the Caucasian Mineral Waters. Every city has a theater. In Pyatigorsk, this is the Stavropol State Regional Operetta (formerly it was called the Theater of Musical Comedy). In Essentuki it is Concert hall named after F.I. Chaliapin. In Kislovodsk, I recommend visiting the Philharmonic. This is one of the oldest concert institutions in Russia. In Pyatigorsk park them. Kirov, in addition to attractions, there are also concert hall"Fork". And there are so many 3D cinemas that it makes no sense to list them here.

In any of the KMV resort cities, numerous bowling alleys and billiards, as well as nightclubs with discos until the morning are at your service.

In addition to the sights on the CMS, the attention of vacationers is offered more than a hundred different excursions, both one-day and designed for several days. Tour routes the most diverse: here you have Honey Waterfalls, and Arkhyz, ancient city Magas (where the oldest Christian churches in Russia are located), a trout farm and skiing, permafrost cave or Second Athos monastery. Do not count everything. It is very difficult to choose excursions on the go. Therefore, it is best to first read about them in advance, see reviews, photos and make a choice.

Every self-respecting Caucasian Mineral Waters resort town has its own park, at least one lake and picturesque medical health paths.

Terrenkur: from the French terrain - terrain and the German Kur - treatment, a method of sanatorium treatment, involving dosed loads in the form of walking.

These places are saturated not only true history but also literary. The bronze Kisa Vorobyaninov is still begging near Gukasov's coffee house, which is opposite the Lermontov Gallery, and his partner Ostap-Suleiman-Berta-Maria-Bender-bey still sells tickets near that very Proval.

Photos KMV

There are 17 unique laccolith mountains 1 in Cavminvody, each mountain has its own legend and special charm. You should definitely visit at least one of them. If you can’t afford to climb on foot, then to the Temple of the Air (Kislovodsk) and to the top of Mashuk (Pyatigorsk) cable car. Pyatigorsk lift is considered the fastest in Europe. In clear weather, panoramas of the Greater Caucasus Range open from there, which you will never forget. They say that it is worth coming to the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody only for the views that open from there. And you can take off the ground on a paraglider, enjoy the panorama and the feeling of free flight.

You will definitely like it here. Arriving in the summer, you will definitely want to return: admire the mountains in autumn colors or wander through the snow-covered parks. Here at any time of the year you can improve your health and find something to your liking.

1 mountain laccolith- can be considered as a "failed volcano", because the magma could not break out and only lifted the upper layer of sedimentary rocks, freezing under it in the form of a dome or hemisphere, often mushroom-shaped outlines. (Geographic encyclopedia).

Beautiful video about Caucasian Mineral Waters

Located in the south of the European part of the USSR, almost at the same distance from the Black and Caspian Seas, the Kavminvod region is conveniently located relative to the populated areas of the country and has good transport links with them. Administratively, it is part of the Stavropol Territory of the RSFSR, occupying almost entirely the Piedmont Region, part of the Mineralovodsky District, small sections of the Georgievsky and Malokarachaevsky (Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Region) regions.

Population. Caucasian Mineralnye Vody is one of the densely populated territories of the North Caucasus (the average population density exceeds 150 people per 1 sq. km).

More than 400 thousand people live in cities and urban-type settlements - mainly Russians, Ukrainians, Armenians, Karachays, Circassians, Abazins, Ossetians, Kabardians and representatives of other peoples and nationalities of our country. The specialization of resorts also determines the specifics of employment.

The resort and tourism industry includes about 100 sanatoriums, boarding houses, camp sites, so every fourth of those working in the cities of the Caucasus Mineral Waters is employed at the enterprises of the industry. In general, more than half of the working population of the district is associated with servicing vacationers.

Mass at the resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Waters became the profession of a doctor. In pre-revolutionary times, a few doctors lived here, most of them arrived here for a period holiday season. Now thousands of doctors and nurses are constantly busy at the resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Waters.

Industry and agricultural production. Traditional industrial production in the area balneological resorts- bottling of mineral waters. The first bottling of mineral water was carried out here in 1847 by order of Count Vorontsov - 300 bottles of Essentuki (No. 4) were poured. In 1873, bottling in Essentuki was resumed at a specially built water bottling plant. In 1896, a plant for the production of liquid carbon dioxide was built in Kislovodsk and narzan was bottled. In addition, they produced bottling of mineral waters from Slavyanovsky and Smirnovsky springs in Zheleznovodsk. In 1913, all enterprises of the Kavminvod produced 9.6 million bottles of mineral water. The production of narzan grew especially fast, which international exhibition in Reims (France) received the highest award. Most of the products of mineral water bottling enterprises were exported to other regions of Russia and exported to countries Western Europe, Turkey and Iran.

Now three local factories and a workshop annually produce more than 200 million bottles of mineral water. The healing waters of Pyatigorsk, Kislovodsk, Essentuki, Zheleznovodsk are known throughout the world. In the future, with the construction of a new plant for bottling mineral water, the output of this product will almost double. The products of the Kislovodsk and Pyatigorsk souvenir factories, the factory, who rested in Kavminvodaz, are taken to all corners of the country and abroad; "Souvenir" in Mineralnye Vody Souvenirs are also made by factories of art products, workshops at industrial plants. The range of products of these enterprises is wide - these are traditional glasses for drinking mineral water, and products made of cupronickel, horn, porcelain, crystal, carved caskets. Since 1896, the largest glass factory in the North Caucasus for the production of bottles for bottling mineral water has been operating in the village of Andzhievsky (near Mineralnye Vody).

Food, clothing, knitwear, shoes, furniture, building materials, agricultural machinery - these are far from complete list products manufactured industrial enterprises Kavminvod.

Agriculture in this area is mainly focused on meeting the needs of vacationers. In its structure, the share of vegetable growing, dairy and meat animal husbandry is high. Resorts are major consumers of dietary meat. Powerful poultry farms operate in the suburbs, including Beshtaugorets, Koltsegorskaya, and Pyatigorskaya. They also provide a third of the eggs produced in the Stavropol Territory.

The district produces one sixth of the region's vegetables, one third of them - in greenhouses. Almost all winter and early spring, fresh vegetables are delivered to the table of vacationers from the greenhouses "Teplichny", "Kislovodsky", etc. The largest enterprise of protected ground is the plant "Flowers of Stavropol", which supplies tens of thousands of flowers to the trade network of resorts and beyond. Tens of thousands of tons of milk, meat, vegetables, and fruits are annually produced in the farms of the Pidmont region to provide vacationers at the resorts.

Transport. An electrified Moscow-Baku highway with branches to Kislovodsk and Zheleznovodsk, an asphalt highway Rostov-Baku pass through the territory of the district. Mineralnye Vody Airport is connected by direct flights to all major centers of the Soviet Union. It took 13 days to get from Moscow to the resorts of the Caucasian Mineral Waters in the last century. Nowadays, an airliner delivers passengers here from the capital in two hours. From the airport to the resort towns less than an hour by bus or taxi.

For a trip from the airport to the resort towns, you can use the services railway. You need to take the city bus to railway station in Mineralnye Vody, from where suburban trains go to Kislovodsk 70 minutes, to Essentuki 45 minutes and to Pyatigorsk half an hour. Those who go on vacation to Zheleznovodsk need to change trains at the Beshtau station.

Caucasian Mineralnye Vody is a famous Russian brand that many generations have trusted with their health. Our fathers and mothers walked around the resort parks of the KMV, for sure there is an old and funny photo from Pyatigorsk in the grandmother’s album. The local resorts have preserved an amazing combination of the beauties of nature and exquisite architecture, the very subtle essence of the Caucasus, which fascinated Lermontov, without getting tired of developing and adapting to the requirements of the time. It has everything - from a conveniently located airport to cozy hotels and modern cinemas. And the hospitals of the resort conglomerate not only have not gone out of fashion, but continue to be wildly popular (look at the prices!) And improve in terms of ridding guests from all over Russia from hundreds of sores. Welcome to KavMinVody!

Resorts KavMinVod

CMS resort cities are close in a neighborly way, but different in essence. The first guests are met by Zheleznovodsk. Sometimes it seems that there are more tourists in this small town than locals. Stretched out along the only main street, it is clearly divided into resort and residential parts. In the resort, from the side of the Beshtau station, eminent health resorts, the Kurortny Park and sights are located. Residential is no different from ordinary Russian panel-brick cities. It is worth going here to the market and to supermarkets, the prices in them are lower than in shops near sanatoriums.

There are more than 100 mineral springs and large reserves of healing mud mined on the Tambukansky and Lysogorsky lakes at the disposal of the health resorts of the KMV.

Important miraculous sights are the immature volcano Zheleznaya Gora, the Grotto of the Permafrost of Mount Razvalka, Ring Mountain near Kislovodsk, Hot Mountain and Mashuk.

Weather

The diversity of the relief creates noticeable differences in the climate of the resorts of the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody. In Pyatigorsk, summers are warm, winters are moderately mild (a third of winter days are with rains, thaws, fogs) and 98 clear days a year. Kislovodsk is famous for its winter climatic resort, the winter there is clear and dry, and the number of sunny days a year is 150. The resort also stands out for the constancy of atmospheric pressure, which favorably affects the healing process. The climate of Zheleznovodsk corresponds to the mountain-forest and moderately dry climate of the middle mountains of the Alps. There are 117 clear days a year here. Essentuki are distinguished by contrast - summers are hot and dry, winters are frosty and rainy, the number of clear days in a year is 112.

Tatyana Solomatina

What attracts tourists to the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody region?

Good afternoon dear friends!

Today I am starting a series of articles about wonderful place for recreation and treatment - the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody region.

In the first publication, we will get to know this unique resort a little. I will talk about the location and climate, about the cities of this region and natural mineral springs. After reading to the end, you will find out why a large number of people come here for rest and treatment regularly, and perhaps you will also have a desire to go to this wonderful place.

The resort is very interesting, I visit it regularly, so a lot of information has accumulated, I plan a number of articles, the first one is already in front of you, read and share your impressions in the comments, I will be glad to hear from you.

Caucasian Mineralnye Vody is an excellent choice for recreation and treatment, due to its unique location, mild climate, beautiful natural environment and developed infrastructure.

But the main thing that attracts numerous guests to the region is the healing springs, the water from which is widely and successfully used to treat many diseases. Having been here you will not only relax, but also significantly strengthen your body.

This region is located in the Stavropol Territory on the northern slope Caucasus mountains. The resort towns are located close to each other, which allows you to go around them all and make up general impression about this place.

The natural landscape is very diverse, small hills, densely covered with unique broad-leaved forests, alternate with the steppe part, which in summer pleases the eye with lush grass and bright wildflowers.

Due to the lack of serious industrial production, there is crystal clear air and silence.

Climate

This region has a favorable climate, which is well suited for climatotherapy. Balneologists use it as a healing factor.

It's a mild winter here. average temperature-4 degrees, comfortable summer - +22 degrees.

Due to the diversity of the terrain, the climate of all the cities of the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody differs slightly. It depends on the height above sea level, the protection of the mountains, the proximity of the steppes.

Southern resort - Kislovodsk, the most sunny city KMV, respectively, the air temperature here is usually several degrees higher than in other cities of the region.

Pyatigorsk, Zheleznovodsk and Essentuki are located a little lower than Kislovodsk, but it is also warm here and there is very little rainfall. And small mountains - Mashuk, Beshtau, Zheleznaya, often become a barrier from strong steppe winds.

The main resorts of KMV

Caucasian Mineralnye Vody is a fairly large region, I will introduce you to the main resorts, which can be safely attributed to Zheleznovodsk, Pyatigorsk, Essentuki and Kislovodsk. You can read more about each of them in separate materials, links to which will be at the end of each description.

A very cozy small town located at the foot of Zheleznaya Mountain. The resort is simply immersed in greenery, and a magnificent park with centuries-old trees and winding paths simply invites leisurely walks and contemplation beautiful nature around.

The city is well planned and the resort infrastructure is separate from residential area. Almost all sanatoriums are built within walking distance to natural springs, which is important for the guests of the resort. This is the smallest town in the Caucasus Mineralnye Vody region, however, it is also rich in mineral waters.

The resort specializes in the treatment of the genitourinary system, digestive organs, metabolic disorders and other related diseases.

The main component of the treatment is drinking Slavyanovskaya and Smirnovskaya mineral water, the pump rooms of which are located in the Kurortny Park. Also in the treatment is widely used silt mud of the Tambukansky and Lysogorsky lakes, which is rich in iron, iodine, zinc and silver.

You can find out more about the resort.

Pyatigorsk is a large resort town located just a 10-minute drive from Zheleznovodsk at the foot of Mount Mashuk. The resort picturesquely blends into the mountain landscape, from Mount Mashuk, which can be climbed both by funicular and on foot, it is clearly visible.

There are many health resorts in which they successfully treat the musculoskeletal system, joints, and help with gynecological diseases. As in the whole region, the main factor of recovery is drinking cure, climate therapy, mud therapy.

I wrote even more information about the resort.

The city is located 30 minutes drive from the airport Mineralnye Vody. The resort is quite small, located on the flat part of the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody region, but also very green.

Here are well-known sources - "Essentuki". This mineral water is good for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, this is the main direction of treatment in local sanatoriums.

Read more about the resort.

Kislovodsk

The most popular resort in the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody region. It is located at an altitude of 1000 meters above sea level in a green valley surrounded by the Caucasus Range.

A very warm, sunny and cozy city, despite the constant abundance of guests, there is no feeling of crampedness and mass character.

A chic park, almost 1000 hectares, which was completely created by people only 200 years ago, now occupies a dominant role in the architecture of the city.

About a third of the KMV sanatoriums are located in Kislovodsk. Mineral water "Narzan" helps in the treatment of people suffering from diseases of the digestive tract. Patients who have suffered a heart attack are successfully rehabilitated here. The resort specializes in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

It is interesting

Most of the guests of the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody region come here for rehabilitation and treatment. However, these places are rich not only in their healing factors. Of course, there is no sea here, but clean air and magnificent mountain landscapes that can brighten up the vacation of any person.

No wonder, many years ago, famous great people liked to come here. A. S. Pushkin visited the CMS twice, M. Yu. Lermontov lived here for a long time and many of his works are dedicated to these places. The list of great people is long enough, they all admired amazing nature and hospitality of the local people.

Now Caucasian Mineralnye Vody is a well-developed resort, which is interesting not only in terms of treatment, there is something to see, many significant historical sights and amazingly beautiful natural places.

Complete tourist information I wrote about the region in an article. See also the review of the resort.

Perhaps you are at a loss with the choice of a resort, write to me by mail, I will try to help. Read more about cooperation. If you liked this article, please share it with your friends social networks. Subscribe to blog updates, new readers are always welcome. Until then, I say goodbye to you.

Tatyana Solomatina

The Caucasus attracted the attention of representatives of various sectors of society: creative intelligentsia, nobility, travelers, merchants, as well as romantic adventurers of all stripes, and of course those to whom amazing waters promised hope for miraculous healing.

The picturesque nature of these places inspired more than one generation of writers and poets: the majestic foothills of Elbrus, winding mountain rivers carrying their waters among fragrant valleys, azure waterfalls, vast expanses of the steppe, generously endowed with the sun ... All this created a surprisingly mild healthy climate, and many healing mineral waters and high-quality therapeutic mud glorified the Caucasus, both in our country and abroad.

The official history of one of the oldest balneological centers in Russia began in 1803. On the site of the first settlements and campgrounds organized around healing springs, the first settlements began to grow very quickly, and then cities. People of different professions and classes began to come here to improve their health “on the waters” and relax in a pleasant society. Gradually, the news of the miraculous properties of these places spread throughout Russia and Europe - the resort became a favorite place for recreation and treatment. But still, the peak of the popularity of this region falls on the Soviet era, when the journey for health became not as difficult and tiring as it was in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

After the revolution, nationalized hotels and private houses were converted into medical institutions. At the same time, the construction of sanatoriums, hydropathic clinics and resort complexes. During the war years, immediately after the liberation of the resorts in the spring of 1943, hospitals began to receive thousands of wounded Soviet soldiers. Thanks to the healing waters and mud, the selfless work of doctors and all the staff, hundreds of human lives were saved. In the post-war period, dozens of new deposits of mineral waters were discovered, the construction of hotels, sanatoriums, pioneer camps and resort complexes was going on at a rapid pace, the range of medical and health services. As a result, Caucasian Mineral Waters become a resort of all-Union significance, receiving up to one and a half million vacationers a year.

Today, the famous resort of Caucasian Mineralnye Vody is located on the territory of three subjects of the Federation: the Stavropol Territory, the Karachay-Cherkess Republic and the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Here are some of the best enterprises of the sanatorium complex, with a wide range of medical and health services offered.

A fan of foreign health resorts will be interested to know that Caucasian Mineralnye Vody is a unique region in which almost all types of mineral waters are represented - more than 130 sources! You will not find such a variety in composition, quality and healing properties anywhere in the world!

In addition, just 12 kilometers from Pyatigorsk is located famous lake Tambukan, at the bottom of which are hundreds of thousands of tons of healing silt. Every year, for the needs of sanatoriums and health resorts, about 10 thousand tons of therapeutic mud is mined here, which is also recognized as one of the best in the world.

But even those who have not heard about the resorts of Kavminvod are well aware of another area of ​​activity in the region - the production of bottled mineral water. The legendary "Essentuki" and "Narzan" are familiar to everyone since childhood. These and other types of water are now supplied throughout Russia and neighboring countries.

Another interesting direction that continues to develop actively every year is educational and sports tourism. In the edge with rich history and culture, many interesting natural objects there is no shortage of attractions. Therefore, many tourists come here not so much for recovery, but for vivid sightseeing impressions, a peaceful atmosphere for long walks and active sports holidays in the mountains.

Founded: 1803
Square: 5.3 thousand km 2
Population: 1,194,859 people (2018)
Currency: Russian ruble
Language: Russian
Off.site:/ http://www.adm-kmv.ru/

Flight time:
from Moscow - from 2 hours 15 minutes.
from St. Petersburg - from 3 hours
from Kazan - from 4 hours 50 min. (1-2 transplants)
from Yekaterinburg - from 3 hours 5 minutes.
from Novosibirsk - from 4 hours 35 minutes.

Most popular resorts in the region of the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody: Kislovodsk, Essentuki, Zheleznovodsk and Pyatigorsk. Each resort town has its own medical specialization.

Kislovodsk- is considered the sunniest and greenest resort. On the territory of the city, in addition to the famous medicinal narzans, there is a huge park for walking, which goes far into the mountains. Favorable climatic conditions and crystal clear air, saturated with tart smells of resin and pine needles, create a wonderful healing effect. It is recommended for the treatment of the cardiovascular system and the gastrointestinal tract.

Essentuki— a small cozy resort specializing in the treatment of endocrine disorders, gastrointestinal tract, liver and bile ducts. Perhaps this is the main healing "source" of mineral waters in the Caucasus.

Zheleznovodsk— the smallest and quietest resort among its fellows, but no less famous! This is the only resort in Russia and Europe with hot calcium mineral waters. Therefore, the main specialization of the resort is the treatment of diseases of the genitourinary system and metabolic disorders. This resort can also be considered for the treatment of respiratory organs.

Pyatigorsk- the most versatile resort of the CMS. It is famous for its mud treatment, but in general it is a universal resort for a comprehensive recovery.

How to get there

get to famous resorts quite easy and relatively inexpensive. If the trip is not planned during the high season, then train tickets can cost you more than a plane ticket. The cost of trips on electric trains plying in Kavminvody is comparable in price to similar trips in big cities. Minibuses and taxis are cheaper than in metropolitan areas. When planning a trip, remember that most of the routes, no matter where you come / fly from, will lead you to Mineralnye Vody - the main transfer point.

Airplane

In Mineralnye Vody there is the largest in the south of the country international Airport which receives daily flights from different cities Russia and neighboring countries. The plane is the most convenient and fastest way to get to the Caucasus Mineral Waters. The flight time from Moscow will be about two hours, from St. Petersburg - about three. When looking for air tickets, pay attention to S7 Airlines and NordStar, which have interesting budget offers. The Mineralnye Vody airport itself is small, but modern, located at a distance of 4 km from the city.

If your further route runs through the Mineralnye Vody railway station, from which electric trains depart to popular resort cities, we recommend using a fixed-route taxi No. 10, No. 11. Minibuses depart from the airport every 30-40 minutes. from 6.00 am to 19.30 pm. Choosing route number 11, you will reach the city bus station, which is also connected by routes with many resort cities: Kislovodsk, Pyatigorsk, Essentuki, Dombai and others (travel time to the bus station is about 10 minutes). Do not believe taxi drivers who talk about the cancellation of these routes or long breaks between flights. Taxi services can be used if you want to get to other cities of Cavminvod without transfers. For example, a taxi ride to Kislovodsk, on average, will cost you 900 rubles (January 2016).

A train

Before choosing this method of transportation, we recommend that you look at how many days you need on the road. Even fast trains in this direction make a large number of stops and do not go quickly, so the trip can be quite tiring, especially during the hot season. Like the airport railroad station Mineralnye Vody is one of the most important transport points in this region. You can get to it, and the terminal station of the North Caucasian Railway - Kislovodsk, without transfers from many cities in Russia.

The station in Mineralnye Vody corresponds to the status of the station - majestic building, with massive columns, a dome, stained-glass windows and frescoes, spacious enough and comfortable for waiting. You will be met at the entrance famous sculpture"Eagle defeating the Serpent" - the symbol of the Caucasus Mineral Waters. Trains depart from the station long distance and suburban communications.

Special mention should be made of the wonderful transport connection inside the territory of the Caucasus Mineral Waters! Suitable trains on the Mineralnye Vody - Kislovodsk branch (its length is 64 km) - the main public transport between the cities of Kislovodsk, Essentuki, Pyatigorsk, Beshtau, Mineralnye Vody. Electric trains also run to Georgievsk, Nevinnomyssk, Budennovsk and other cities of the Stavropol Territory, with the exception of Zheleznovodsk. To get to Zheleznovodsk, you need to get off at the Beshtau station (located 6 km from Zheleznovodsk) and continue on by taxi or bus number 10 (about 5-7 minutes). If a long-distance train does not stop at the Beshtau station (for example, No. 004С "Kavkaz" from Moscow), then from the Mineralnye Vody railway station (from the station square), as well as from the bus station, you can get to Zheleznovodsk by bus or minibus No. 107.

Electric trains run very often, at intervals of 40 minutes - 1 hour 20 minutes (depending on the time of day), from 5 am to 11 pm. And, importantly for the convenience of tourists, in every city, even the smallest, the train makes 2-3 stops! The train schedule changes periodically. Fare, for example: Mineralnye Vody - Kislovodsk - 154 rubles. 20 k., Kislovodsk - Essentuki - 64 rubles. 10 k., Kislovodsk - Pyatigorsk - 115 rubles. 90 k. (2016)

Distance between cities KMV

Bus

You can get to the resorts of Kavminvod by direct bus from many major cities Russia. From Moscow to Kislovodsk, via resort towns, comfortable buses run, departing mainly from the bus station " south gate". Travel time will be a little more than a day, the ticket price is about 2000 rubles (2016). The main carrier in the North Caucasus region is Kavminvodyavto, which also carries out regular flights on the route "Moscow-Kislovodsk" and flights to the nearest regions.

Bus stations and bus stations of the KMV hub

Kislovodsk: the bus station is located outside the city - st. Promyshlennaya, d. 4, getting to it is not very convenient. Opening hours from 6:00 to 19:00. Serves the following directions: Arzgir, Anapa, Astrakhan, Baku, Blagodarny, Budyonnovsk, Vladikavkaz, Volgograd, Gelendzhik, Georgievsk, Grozny, Derbent, Krasnodar, Labinsk, Maykop, Makhachkala, Mozdok, Moscow, Nazran, Neftekumsk, Nalchik, Oktyabrsky, Prokhladny, Stavropol, Sochi, Cherkessk.

Mineral water: There are two bus stations in the city: the old one is on the street. Gagarina, d. 98 (working hours from 06:30 to 18:00) and the New bus station "Ruslan", located on the street. Sovetskaya, d. 97 (working hours from 5.00 to 23.00 without breaks and days off). Buses depart from the new bus station in all directions of the Kavminvodyavto carrier.

Essentuki: the bus station is located on the street. Gagarin, d. 93 behind the complex of the Central market. Finding it is also not easy because of the proximity to the market and the large traffic congestion. The building is old, in poor condition, you should not count on a comfortable waiting for a flight. Opening hours from 5:00 to 19:30. Serves the following directions: Arzgir, Anapa, Astrakhan, Baku, Blagodarny, Budyonnovsk, Vladikavkaz, Gelendzhik, Derbent, Maikop, Makhachkala, Mozdok, Moscow, Nalchik, Novoselitskoye, Prokhladny, Stavropol, Stepnoye, Uchkeken.

Pyatigorsk: the main bus station is located in the city center at the intersection of Kalinina avenue and st. Bunimovich. Opening hours from 5:45 to 21:00. Serves northern flights: Mineralnye Vody, Stavropol, Krasnodar, Rostov-on-Don, Moscow. There are also departures from this station. fixed-route taxis to Nalchik, Cherkessk, Vladikavkaz, Makhachkala and Grozny.

There are several more bus stations in Pyatigorsk. From the bus station "Upper market" taxis go to the suburbs and neighboring settlements, including Kabardino-Balkaria. The most popular routes are: No. 108: "Pyatigorsk - Georgievsk", No. 130: "Pyatigorsk - Vin-Gardens" and No. 112: "Pyatigorsk - Lermontov". Shuttle buses run from the bus station at the railway station to Lermontov - No. 112, Zheleznovodsk - No. 213, Mineralnye Vody - No. 223. To resort area and Lake "Proval" there is a city bus number 1, boarding the bus at the barrier.

Zheleznovodsk: a small bus station is located on the Station Square of the railway station. Opening hours from 06:00 to 17:00. Public transport routes and several intercity flights stop here.

Bus schedule for Mineralnye Vody bus station

Automobile

The nearest highways of federal significance to the Caucasus Mineral Waters are M29 (“Caucasus”, passes through Mineralnye Vody and Inozemtsevo) and A157 (section of the Mineralnye Vody - Kislovodsk road). The road Lermontov - Cherkessk (A156) is ten kilometers south of the city. You can get from Moscow to Kislovodsk along the Federal Highway M4 "Don" (E115), through Rostov-on-Don to the village of Pavlovskaya in Krasnodar Territory, and then - along the M29 (E50) highway through Mineralnye Vody.

Climate and weather in Caucasian Mineralnye Vody

The climate in the Caucasus Mineralnye Vody region depends on the particular city, because the mountains can form unique weather in a relatively small area.

For example, due to the fact that Kislovodsk located higher than other resort towns of the Caucasus Mineralnye Vody region, sunny weather is observed here for about 150 days a year. The climate in Kislovodsk is temperate continental, the city is surrounded Caucasian ridge, which protects it from cold winds and creates a special mountain climate.