The idea to visit the Urals arose literally a month before the trip. I decided to take a short vacation - 1 week - and ride somewhere. After a short search, he stopped in the Urals.
10 days in total. Of these, 4 days on the way there and back and 6 days there. This is the preliminary schedule. I'm going to keep a logbook and write everything that is not too lazy. (Kilometers on the odometer and Moscow time everywhere).
I take a tent and sleeping bags with me, but this is just in case. I'm going to live in motels and cheap hotels.

May 19, 2010 11:59 pm, Wednesday.
I'm starting a logbook for the car. A departure in the direction of the Urals is scheduled for Saturday. I have to cover several thousand kilometers in Russia, visit large and not very cities of the Urals and see various sights. Today, a lot of necessary things were purchased. It remains only to purchase an ax, sunglasses and engine oil. Filled up a full tank on '95 at British Petroleum.
List of things I'm going to take with me:
For auto:
1. Socket keys
2. Pliers
3. Hammer
4. Insulating tape
5. Cold welding
6. Engine oil Shell Helix 5W40
7. Washer fluid
8. Scotch
9. Cloths for wiping windows
10. Water (6 liter bottle)
11. Rubber for gaskets
12. Ax
13. Reflector under glass
14. Hose clamps
15. Navigator
16. Cards
17. Board (stand for a jack)
18. Lantern
19. Batteries for the alarm key fob, flashlight and camera.

Other things:
1. Thermos
2. Dishes
3. Boiler
4. Swiss knife
5. Tent
6. Sleeping bags, pillow
7. Foam pad
8. Polyethylene for covering the tent
9. Camera + charger
10. Raincoat
11. Sunglasses
12. Mosquito repellent
13. Sunscreen

May 21, 2010 11:15 pm, Friday.
All necessary equipment(if you can call it that) purchased, including an ax and sunglasses. It remains to pack everything, put it in the trunk and you can touch it on the road. But before departure, you need to do an important thing - get enough sleep. That is what I will do now.
By the way, I was told on the forum that it is worth visiting the lake and the Zyuratkul park instead of the Taganay park, since there is a road to the lake itself. I decided (previously) to take the advice, and we'll see.

May 22, 2010 10:45 am, Saturday. Moscow. 54231 km.
Finally, the day of departure arrived. Items are packed and stowed. The car has been checked. Everything is fine - you can touch!

12:38 54305km. Somewhere after Noginsk.
Finally left the tenacious embrace of Moscow. 70 km in 2 hours is cool. Further like free.

15:50 54571km. Myachkovo

16:50 54639km. Nizhny Novgorod
I decided to go through the city, and not along the district. On Saturday, the city is free, so there were no problems with travel. I poured 30 liters of gasoline at Lukoil.

Traffic jam in Chuvashia. They have been building a road there for five years, but no progress is visible.

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On the roads of Chuvashia at sunset:

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23:50 55131km. Motel between Kazan and Yelabuga.
So the first day of the trip is over. Completed exactly 900 km. The roads came across different - and wide, and narrow, and even, and broken. But I can safely say that there are not so many broken ones. Everything is fine with the car. I'm staying in some shabby motel. Money was ripped off 780 rubles, and the conditions for 300 do not pull. I am an unpretentious person, but I somehow feel sorry for the money.

May 23, 2010 8:48
After sleeping and having breakfast, I'm on my way again. Overboard +17, partly cloudy. Today I have to get to the Kungur ice cave and, perhaps, have time to examine it. My path lies through Izhevsk and Perm. There is not enough gasoline, and it is not clear when the next Lukoil will be, so I decide to plop Shemordannefteprodukt on 300 rubles. I hope I don't choke...

9:55 55206km.
They stopped me at some checkpoint in Tatarstan and wrote me down in a magazine. They are probably fighting terrorists. Watch out!

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13:19 55464km Udmurtia
I stopped to rest in the woods, but the mosquitoes here are very angry, so it’s impossible to stay outside for a long time.

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14:35 55529km Game
I couldn't drive past the modern Lukoil gas station. Drove, refueled, drove on.

19:39 55790km Perm. Cafe "City cafe".
Arrived in Perm. I'm sitting in a cafe, waiting for an order. I walked a bit around Perm, took a picture of Kama, the center, saw one club Getz - with a sticker, but without a rear bumper.

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22:36 55856km Kungur.
I stayed at the Stalagmit Hotel. Relic hotel of the middle Scoop period. The money is decent, but the conditions are like in a hostel. Well, okay, we are no strangers, the main thing is that there is a bed.
Today I drove a little over 700 kilometers. The theme of the day is roads. The roads here are terrible. If good roads prevail in Tatarstan, fifty-fifty in Udmurtia, then in Perm region good roads only small inclusions. It looks like this:

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The road Perm - Yekaterinburg, at least to Kungur, is disgusting. And not only by its perfect weakness, but also throughput. Such roads connect neighboring villages, not two major cities. GAI continues to sit in the bushes ...
On the way out of Perm, they stopped at the post and checked all the documents on the bases. To their regret and to my pleasure, I am fine with them.
The nature here is beautiful. Wooded hills and small streams. I liked Udmurtia more, although in Perm the Kama is also impressive.
I safely drove around Izhevsk, but Perm passed through the center. Didn't find anything surprising there. All regional centers of Russia are similar to each other. I didn't find where to eat. A couple of sushi bars don't count. Having driven away, I dined at the "City Cafe", cheap and tasty.
Given the quality of the roads and the unimportant speed of movement, it will be necessary to redraw the original route and cancel Tyumen and Tobolsk. It's taking too long. This is not for you to get from Moscow to Voronezh, 500 km in 5 hours. Here the average speed is two times less. Tomorrow the cave and move on towards Nizhny Tagil along secondary roads.

May 24, 2010 11:10 Monday. Kungur.
I had breakfast at the hotel. Standard scrambled eggs and tea. Visited Kungurskaya ice cave. For 300 rubles, the guide took an hour through the grottoes and told stories.

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14:18 55989km. city ​​of Chusovoy
I photographed the Chusovaya River in the city of Chusovaya from a bridge over this very river. I dined at the Pereval cafe. Let's go further.

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14:44 55998km
Exceeded the speed limit by 100 rubles (Not me in the photo).

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16:13 56094km. Border of Europe and Asia.
Crossed the border. One pair of wheels in Europe, the other in Asia...

20:39 56237km. Verkhoturye.
I got to the city of Verkhoturye, examined the Kremlin and the cathedral.

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I found out that there is a hotel here, or rather the navigator told me. I decided to stop here and not go further. Not very nice
ride on unfamiliar country roads in a vrotah. In general, the third day of my road trip went well. In the morning I visited the Kutgur Ice Cave. This took about an hour and a half.
Then he rode slowly to Verkhoturye. Slowly, because there are no roads in the Perm Territory. What was my surprise when I entered Sverdlovsk region to find out that there are roads here. I just want to say that it was like I got to Europe, but no!
It's just the opposite - today I crossed the border of Europe and Asia. The border runs almost along the border of the regions. In general, Asia pleased.
Verkhoturye at the entrance is not impressive. It seems like another village of the same type, but then you notice domes, more domes. On the high bank of the Tura River there is a monastery and the Kremlin. And great view to the other side. Some kind of peace
hanging over the river. The sunset there is amazing! Get up early tomorrow morning and hit the road. Nizhnyaya Sinyachikha, Alapaevsk, Nizhny Tagil, Nevyansk and in the evening get to Yekaterinburg.

May 25, 2010 8:37 am. 56237km. Verkhoturye.
I had breakfast and set off for Nizhnyaya Sinyachikha.

10:00
Refueling at some gas station with some kind of gasoline. I hope I get there somehow.

10:55 56404km. Nizhny Tagil
Refueling at Lukoil.
Pictures of Nizhny Tagil:

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13:48 56527km. Lower Sinyachikha.
Let's start visiting the museum.

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14:40
The museum has been visited. We move further towards Nevyansk.

17:20 56693km. Nevyansk.
I looked at the tower. Unfortunately, I did not get inside - the museum was already closed.

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18:10 56769km. Yekaterinburg.
Stopped by relatives. So today I looked at the Museum of Architecture in Nizhnyaya Sinyachikha and the Nevyansk Leaning Tower. The country road to Sinyachikha turned out to be, to put it mildly, not very good.

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A gravel-dirt road, along which, probably, the ore was transported from the Shaitansky mine to the Lower or Upper Salda. By the way, in any self-respecting village there is a city pond, which in the old days was used for
water wheel drives of the plant. Well, there are plenty of metallurgical plants. Getz and I heroically overcame the road and finally reached Sinyachikha. The museum consists of several log houses, turrets and churches. looks
not bad, especially on the sloping green slope of the Sinyachikha River. Nevyansk is famous for its leaning Demidov tower. She really turned out to be tilted, which was required to be proved.
It is worth saying a few words about Nizhny Tagil. I drove only along the edge, and I was struck by the number of factories and the decrepit appearance of the city. Are factories not profitable? Or don't pay taxes? Or the authorities do not want to repair roads and buildings?

In general, I observed a strange circumstance today. The roads between the settlements are good and excellent, but in the settlements they are completely broken. It is not clear why such a shift.
I also noticed one more thing. If you see such a board and Magistral LLC is on it, feel free to drive along this road, it is of good quality, only without markings.

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10:14 56889km. Nature Park"Deer Brooks".

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14:49 56889km. Natural park "Deer streams".
I stomped 15 kilometers. My legs are buzzing.

17:21 57006km. Yekaterinburg. Cafe Pravda on Karl Liebknecht Street.
Finally, I sit and eat, before that I was on my feet and was hungry. Today I started the day with a traffic jam, feeling the traffic density of Yekaterinburg. Well, not for long.
The Deer Streams Park is located 120 kilometers from Yekaterinburg. 120 rubles from the nose + 50 rubles for parking and walk as much as you like. There are two routes - 6 km and 15 km. I chose the second one.
Sun, sky, forest, river, rocks, birds sing, insects buzz... It's the best way to get away from the hustle and bustle of the city. But I was well. Legs ache, calluses buzz. I don’t know how I will visit three more parks.
I returned to Yekaterinburg, looked at the temple, the city pond and sit in a cafe writing this opus. I respect establishments that can cook steak.

May 27, 2010 08:49 Thursday. 57018km. Yekaterinburg.
I'm standing in line at the car wash. It is necessary to wash the insects from the muzzle of the face of the car. Another place was added to the route - "Ganina Yama". I will go there now.

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14:00 57072 km. On the way out of Yekaterinburg towards Chelyabinsk.
Refueling stop

14:45 57096km.
The driver also refreshed himself in the cafe "Magistral".

16:55 57238km. Lake Uvildy.
The weather messed up all the plans. It's raining heavily and you can't see anything. In such conditions, it will not be possible to explore natural attractions. I don't know what to do next.

19:33 57351 km. Chrysostom.
Inspected Lake Turgoyak. The rain has stopped, but it's still very wet. Now I will look for a hotel in Zlatoust.

21:45 57357km. Chrysostom. Hotel "Taganay".
Stayed in a good hotel. Room with shower and TV for 900 rubles.
This morning I visited the Ganina Yama Monastery. The feeling of freshness is quite evident. Some kind of political order. Although it looks pretty organic. Log churches and houses in a pine forest.
After he moved towards Chelyabinsk to see the lakes and, maybe, Taganay. I stopped to take a picture of some lake, the clouds were already hanging heavy, but the rain had not yet fallen. It was worth driving off a couple of kilometers and a wall of water collapsed to the ground.
The number of lakes is amazing, but it was not possible to appreciate their beauty, only Turgoyak pleased. One strange place- Karabash. I looked - like a mountain, but, having driven closer, I saw that the mountains seemed to be artificial. Mountains of some slag. And the earth is all around
scorched. And on real hills very rare trees grow. There are no grasses or bushes. Martian landscapes. I later found out about the dirtiest city on Earth ...
I looked at Uvildy and Turgoyak lakes and came to Zlatoust. It remains to find out whether it is possible to see something in Taganay in one day and call on Zyuratkul.
It was then that I discovered one most unpleasant thing - a tick was sitting on my back. It looks like it's been days. I went to the emergency room, where they removed it and told me what medicine to take.
I don’t know yet what the consequences will be, but the sightseeing program is being phased out. I'm heading home. I don't want to end up in a hospital away from home.

16:07 57800km. Somewhere after Ufa.
Ate and refueled.

22:40 58347km. Chuvashia. Kanash
Stopped by relatives. Today I covered 990 km.

May 29, 2010 13:30 Saturday. 58357km. Chuvashia.
Refueling before the last push. I hope to be in Moscow in the evening.

22:45 59092km. Moscow.
I'm at home.

Conclusion.
The trip, I think, was generally successful (except for the tick). The route turned out to be:
Moscow - Kazan - Izhevsk - Perm - Kungur - Verkhoturye - Nizhny Tagil - Alapaevsk - Yekaterinburg - Miass - Zlatoust - Ufa - Naberezhnye Chelny - Kazan - Moscow.
Passed 4861 km. Eaten 350 liters of gasoline. Average fuel consumption is 7.2 l/100km.
Refueled mainly at Lukoil. In the Urals, a liter of 95 costs 23.10-23.15, in the European part - 24.50-25.00

No need to fly to Jupiter for the most amazing discoveries. They are closer than it might seem, they are in the land of our ancestors - in the Urals. Hospitality in these parts has been famous for a long time, the majestic beauty of the mountains, the coniferous air, the clear waters of the lakes are the wonders of the Urals.

To see how the area lives, you can go to road trip by car in the Urals. Unity with nature is the main task of this kind of travel. Be sure to take it with you mobile phone, first aid kit, spare wheel and tools so that nothing could overshadow your holiday.

So, our journey begins with the acquaintance of the Vetlan rocks, which is located on the banks of the Vishera. You can get to this place on foot, climbing 700 steps. Vetlan is a sheer system of rocky cliffs, which reaches a height of 100 meters, its length along the river is 1750 meters. From this height, all the greatness of the Urals will open. A particularly fascinating sight will be the taiga in the daytime, which is framed by mountains.

It is in sunny weather that the colors are most clear and bright. In addition, from the top you can see another handsome man - the Poljud stone, it is located on the opposite bank of the river. Above sea level, this stone rises to 527 meters and is the highest point of Polyudov Ridge.

Further, a journey through the southern Urals by car leads us to the Stone Town, which has moved away from Krasnovishersk. It is also called. Nature, which randomly scattered huge stones, made this place very similar to a city, with its streets, passages, arches, labyrinths and bridges. Wind and water also made their own adjustments. So on the stones you can see simply unique patterns that were formed under the influence of natural elements. Many relics even got their names, for example, there is a Turtle stone here.

It is unique in its kind ice fountain, which is located in Siberia. It was formed by a man back in 1976, when iron ore was searched for in this place. But as it turned out, only an underground river can be found here. Then the hole was plugged, but a powerful stream knocked out the plug. It was decided to install a metal plug with holes.

Thanks to this design, the fountain appeared. In winter, the fountain is especially beautiful, the water, freezing, becomes a figure, in some years its height could reach 16 meters. Every year the shape of the frozen fountain is different, it all depends on the air temperature and wind direction. The fountain looks especially amazing and amazing at night.

Traveling by car in the Urals gives you the opportunity to see numerous caves. For example, tourists love to visit Kungur cave , which is located near the city of Kungur. A feature of these places is that during the inspection of underground lakes and grottoes, you can see ice-covered areas, and in summer too.

Warm clothing is essential for hiking in the caves. It is also worth remembering that there are places in the caves where absolute darkness reigns. Take a flashlight with you to avoid confusion.

In the South Urals there are also karst cave, which contains more than 30 wall paintings. The name of her age is her approximately one million years. This cave is the only one of its kind where you can see paintings from the Stone Age. Its length is more than 2 km. The river Shulgan flows inside the cave. You can enter the cave through an arch reaching a height of 40 m.

To date, only one and a half kilometers of the cave have been studied, the rest of the area remains a mystery. In addition, traces of human presence were found at the entrance to the cave. So, charcoal, ash, which is already more than 15-17 thousand years old, household and labor tools, and ocher were found here.

We are going to Yekaterinburg. This place is famous for the monument of the border between Asia and Europe. Tourists are attracted to these places due to the opportunity to visit both Europe and Asia at the same time, to stand with different feet on the lands of different continents. The opening of the monument was in 2008. Getting to this place by car is not a problem. Around the monument is a very beautiful and ennobled area, here you can see flower beds, gazebos.

Often, newlyweds come to the monument, who decided to unite their destinies by marriage. In Yekaterinburg, you can also see the legendary factory dam, which is made of larch. This place is called the place of meetings and partings. Everything that deserves attention happens in this place.

First dates, marriage proposals take place here, students come here. And all the guests are “watched” by Tatishchev and Genin, who were the founders of Yekaterinburg. It was these people who gave the order to build the dam in 1723. And it was from that moment that the construction of the city itself began.

Further, our journey by car along the Urals runs towards Chelyabinsk to the village Paris. This name was given to the village at the request of the inhabitants of the Nagaybaks, who at one time showed courage in the war against Napoleon. Here are proposed sights of a military theme, which can also be seen in Magnitogorsk. Interesting in this city is the “Sword to the Front”, a monument depicting a blacksmith handing over a sword to a warrior.

The same sword in Volgograd raises the monument "Motherland". In 2005, the grand opening of the tower took place in the village. cellular communication, which exactly repeated the outlines of the Eiffel Tower, only in a smaller version. Also in the village of Paris you can visit the museum of local lore, which is located in the center of the village. It brings together the whole history of the origin of the village, from foundation to collectivization. All information is placed on the stands.

Auto trip in the Urals ends on ski resort Abzakovo, where, having risen cable car to the very top, tourists will have a unique view that is simply breathtaking.

In 17 minutes drive you can see the snow-capped mountain slopes majestic mountains Bikembet and Halmaurdy, look at the routes of the tracks, see how experienced and beginner skiers overcome ski slopes, as well as take gorgeous photos that will add to your album from the rest.

There are many interesting places in the Urals that are worth seeing. We have described only a small part of what the Urals has.

Southern Urals rich in tourism opportunities. You can raft along the South Ural rivers, visit caves, ride between lakes Chelyabinsk region on bicycles, or you can walk with a backpack in the mountains, spending the night in tents. Eight years ago, I set myself the goal of visiting all the ranges of the Southern Urals. It’s not that I have already achieved this goal (larger ones took my time), but I can say that when they call me some peak of the Southern Urals, it turns out that I have either already visited it, or stood on a neighboring ridge and admired this peak. This article summarizes my experience and is an overview of hiking routes with an overnight stay in the Southern Urals.

If we imagine a typical South Ural mountain, then we will see at its foot a spruce taiga with an admixture of deciduous trees and shrubs, which will become smaller as we climb. Steeper slopes will be heaps of granite blocks ranging in size from a ball to a one-story house (in the Urals and Siberia they are called by the Turkic word kurum). The tongues of these placers also descend into the valley in the form of a stone river (it is not clear why trees do not grow on it). Even higher, the trees become dwarfed and turn into shrubs that grow up to 1000 meters above sea level in the north of the Southern Urals and up to 1200 meters in the south. Alpine meadows, tundra and raised bogs stretch between the peaks of the ridge. The peaks themselves are kurum domes with remnant rocks at the top. Only the easternmost ranges differ from this description, where there is no kurum and the forest is rare. This is the place where the Ural Mountains give way to the Great Steppe. On the northern slopes in hollows, snow often remains until the end of June. Mountains are accessible for climbing from almost any direction. This is a typical middle ground.

Residents of Yekaterinburg are in a unique position. Yekaterinburg is located in the lowest part of the Middle Urals. You can live in Yekaterinburg and not feel that we live in a mountainous region (only the green ridge of Uktus with lifts reminds us of the mountains if the windows face south). But from the real mountains we are separated by 6-12 hours by car to the south. How long does it take us to get to settlements from which hikes in the Southern Urals begin (cities from Zlatoust to Beloretsk).


Hiking in the Southern Urals begin from mid-May and end at the end of October. Early May and early November are off-season. At this time, you can feel summer or winter, depending on the weather. The time from December to April is the season for skiing, although it is possible to walk along the snowmobile trails that pass along the most popular routes. Even in summer, you have to prepare for the weather from hot summer to late autumn. And in mid-June, you can get under the snowfall. The Urals delay the clouds that go from European Russia to Siberia. Standing at the top, I repeatedly saw how heavy clouds hung over all the ridges of the Southern Urals, and the sun shone over the West Siberian Plain, and the light green plain emphasized the dark blue color of numerous lakes. The main blow of the elements is taken by the western ranges - Nara, Zigalga, Suuk (the latter is translated as cold, windy). Clouds usually hang up to the Uraltau watershed ridge, along which the border between Europe and Asia passes. Uraltau passes east of the highest ranges and stretches from north to south for 500 km. Sunny weather is more frequent over the ridges east of Uraltau - Nurali, Irendyk, Kryktytau.

On a clear day, a panorama of more than 50 km opens from the peaks. If you are very lucky, then you can see the entire Southern Urals in five trips, climbing the Taganay, Nurgush, Iremel, Kumardak, Shatak ridges. In reality, you will need to do about 15 hikes, after which, standing on the next peak, you can proudly show beginners to neighboring ridges and name their peaks, mentally flying from one to another and remembering the hikes you have already completed. This is all yours, with which you met not with the help of guidebooks and the Internet, but for real - with the help of your legs.

The names of the Southern Urals testify to the various peoples who lived in this territory. There are Turkic names ending in tau (mountain), kul (lake) and elga (river). For example, Kryktytau, Zyuratkul. There are also more ancient - Aryan names ending in dak (almost throughout Eurasia there are ranges that end in dag - witnesses of the migrations of the Indo-Europeans), for example, Kumardak. Particularly interesting are the names that combine the roots of different languages. For example, the Karaganka River (“kara” in Turkic is black, but the ganka is the Ganges, the river). And now the South Urals, as expected mountainous region, is an interweaving of different peoples. Bashkirs of different families, Russians, Cossacks, Tatars, Mishars, Nagaybaks, Maris, Chuvashs live here.

Yekaterinburg residents can visit almost any peak in 2-3 days, for example, leaving on the night from Friday to Saturday, walking Saturday, Sunday, and possibly Monday, and returning home at night. The same applies to residents of Ufa and Chelyabinsk, only they need to leave their cities early in the morning. And only the most remote ridges will require 5-6 days. It is logical to start from the north (the most interesting and beautiful Taganay ridge is located there) and each time go south until you go around all the ridges. Do not be embarrassed that at the very beginning you will visit the most interesting, according to most tourists, ridge - Taganay. As you move south, you will become a connoisseur of the Southern Urals, finding unique beauty in every mountain.

In this review, I would like to describe 31 routes in the Southern Urals and place a kmz map for the gps navigator for each area and " Google Planet Earth". Almost all routes last from 2 to 4 days, that is, they do not require a vacation. The purpose of each trip is to get acquainted with one, maximum two, ridges of the Southern Urals (with the exception of trips along Zyuratkul and the surroundings of Beloretsk). In a fanatical mode, if If you go to the Southern Urals almost every weekend from May to mid-October, then you can go through these routes in two years.In a more relaxed mode of six trips a year, they will be enough for five years.In ours, we definitely have a hike in the Southern Urals.

The major centers from which routes in the Southern Urals begin are Zlatoust, Zyuratkul with Sibirka, Tyulyuk and Beloretsk with the surrounding villages.

Neighborhoods of Zlatoust, natural park Taganay

People usually go to the Taganay Natural Park from the city of Zlatoust. You can also get there by train. This is the most concentrated place in the Southern Urals in terms of the number of various mountains. Here is the longest kurum river of white (quartz) boulders, a two-headed hill with a kurum and rocks on top, a rocky Otklyuchnaya ridge, a valley of dwarf firs - the Valley of Fairy Tales, a round dome of Kruglitsa - a mountain that, being swept by snow, looks like a five-thousander, mountain tundra Far Taganay, the relic spruce forest of Mount Itsyl and others. Peculiarity natural park because it has shelters. Therefore, if you wish, you can go hiking without tents. You can go hiking on Taganay along the following routes:

1.1. Mount Yurma (2 days) - it is more logical to start from it, since it is the northernmost thousand-hill of the Southern Urals. It is a forested mountain with rocks on top. Start from the dirtiest city in the world - Karabash. In it you will see rivers of poisonous color and a bald mountain with a bow cross and the inscription "Save and save" (vegetation was burned by acid rain). The more contrast will be the feeling when you find yourself in virgin nature. The third day can be spent relaxing on Lake Uvildy. The name of the mountain makes you wonder if it is worth doing tourism at all - it translates as "Don't go."

1.2. The route, which is considered the most beautiful and popular in the Southern Urals: the upper trail: Dvukhlavaya Sopka, Otkliknoy ridge, Valley of Fairy Tales (1 day), Kruglitsa, lower trail, Stone River (2 day).

1.3. The lower path to the Kialim cordon (1 day). Far Taganay, Itsyl (2nd day), the lower path to Zlatoust.

1.4. Mont Blanc (from this small rocky peak you can look from the side at the tops of the Bolshoy Taganay ridge), Small Taganay (1 day). Small Ural Ridge and Aleksandrovskaya Sopka (Day 2).

1.5. From Zlatoust you can go to another ridge that is not part of the Taganay natural park - Urenga (south of Zlatoust). In 1 day you can climb the First and Second hills and the third peak - Two Brothers. On Urenga, you can feel how the climate changes as you climb up and see the expanses of the Urals from the top. Two brothers have graceful marble rocks at the top. On the second day, you can go to the next natural park of the Southern Urals - Zyuratkul.

You can finish hiking on Lake Turgoyak. This is clear lake among the forested peaks, which is called the younger brother of Baikal. Indeed, they have something in common. On Turgoyak there is the Island of Vera with archaeological sites from different eras.

It is logical for residents of other regions of our country to take a week of vacation with adjacent days off and go to Taganay and the surroundings of Zlatoust for 9 days.

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Natural Park Zyuratkul

If Taganay is a ridge stretching from north to south, then I can compare the location of the ridges of the Zyuratkul Natural Park with a blossoming bud with a drop of dew - Lake Zyuratkul, located at an altitude of 724m above sea level. Here is the highest peak of the Chelyabinsk region - the Nurgush ridge with the largest tundra in the Southern Urals, the Zyuratkul ridge accessible to novice tourists, Mount Uvan with the Uvan fountain - a well from which water flows 5 meters (in winter it is a large icicle from which water flows) , the rocky ridge Suuk (Suka), which is translated into Russian as cold, windy (this is the western thousand-meter ridge that takes on cyclones from European Russia). In the natural park there is a geoglyph Elk (a large-scale image of the contour of an elk, visible from a height).

Routes can be started from the villages of Zyuratkul - a resort place with camp sites and a zoo, Sibirka - the place closest to all the ridges of the natural park, the village of Katavka. Options for hiking in Zyuratkul:

2.1. Zyuratkul village, Zyuratkul ridge, western shore of Zyuratkul lake (1 day). Moskal Ridge (2nd day).

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2.2. Sibirka, climbing Kalagaza, Uvan fountain, climbing Uvan (1 day). Pass through the Suuk ridge, climbing to the nearest peak, exit to Katavka (2nd day). You can also go for three days, spending the second day on a long walk light on the southern part of the Suuk Range. Uvan is the central peak of the natural park. It offers a majestic panorama of the neighboring ranges.

2.3. Sibirka, Olympia cordon, pass between Middle and Big Nurgush (1 day). Walk light on the Middle Nurgush (2 day, optional). Traverse of the Bolshoy Nurgush peak (passing with a backpack through the peak), descent to the southern tip of Zyuratkul lake (3rd day). Climbing Moskal, exit to the village Zyuratkul (day 4).

2.4. southern part Urengi. Zyuratkul village, western shore of Zyuratkul lake, climbing Moskal, at the foot of Lukash mountain (1 day). Light ascent to Mount Lukash, transition to the foot of Urenga (2nd day). Walk along the rocky peaks of the southern part of Urenga (3rd day). Crossing the Ai, exit to the village of Plotinka (day 4). In case of difficulty with the crossing, you can return along the same route as the entry (5-day route), or to the pass between Sredny and Bolshoi Nurgush (4 day), climb Sredny and Bolshoy Nurgushi (5 day), exit to Siberia (6 days).

2.5. Traverse of the Bolshoy Nurgush Ridge (hiking with a backpack through all the peaks of Nurgush) from the village of Zyuratkul to the village of Tyulyuk - a place from where hikes are made in the next part of the Southern Urals. Duration from 4 to 5 days.

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Let us conditionally attribute the Nurali ridge, located at the same latitude as the Zyuratkul Natural Park, to the same area. This is the most unusual ridge on which there is no forest. It is located to the east of the Uraltau ridge and all the precipitation is successively taken by the ridges: Suuk, Uvan, Nurgush, Urenga, Uraltau. Nurali gets practically nothing. The ridge is winding and has deep couloirs. It is the source of the Miass River.

2.6. The village of Yalchigulovo, Uchalinsky district, the source of the Miass, ascent to the southern part of the Nurali ridge (1 day). Climbing the northern part of the ridge, visiting the lakes at the foot, returning to Yalchigulovo, climbing Mount Aushtau (at the top - the grave of the saint), Lake Aushkul, departure (2 day).

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Neighborhood Tyulyuk. Natural park Iremel.

Tyulyuk is a resort village with several camp sites. A number of interesting routes in the Southern Urals start from here. Here it is sacred mountain Iremel is the second highest in the Southern Urals. It is a horseshoe of the mountains Zherebchik, Big Iremel and three peaks of Small Iremel. Here is the plateau of the Big Iremel - tundra with light forests of dwarf spruce, Mount Suktash with a string of rocks descending from the top. The horseshoe is surrounded by swampy tundra and kurum rivers of the Tygyn river valley and the Avalyak ridge. To the north of Tyulyuk are the South Nurgush ridges (part of the Zyuratkul natural park) and Yagodny with a picturesque lake - the source of the Tyulyuk River. To the south is the village of Alexandrovka, turned into an eco-village by the Anastasian movement (admirers of the work of Vladimir Megre). From Tyulyuk to Aleksandrovka, you can only drive a cross-country vehicle. Routes start from it to the forested Bakty ridge with picturesque rocks on the peaks and Mount Zigalga - a powerful ridge with rocky peaks and the largest raised bog in the Southern Urals. There are moraines on Zigalga - traces of an ancient glacier, through which the river Evlakta flows among the rocky peaks with a lake and a waterfall. The source of Evlakta is lost among the huge kurum river, which goes to the top of the Cross (stretched not along, but across the ridge). I like to train on this kurum river, and go down from Transverse through the “park forest” next to the kurum river. The southern part of Zigalga is a kurum dome of various shapes - Shelomy. According to legend, only boys are born to those who have visited Shelomah. This part of the ridge is forbidden to visit, as it is located in the South Ural Reserve. Hiking routes in the vicinity of Tyulyuk:

3.1. Tyulyuk is the horseshoe of the Great Iremel. Climbing light on Big Iremel (1 day). Light ascent to Small Iremel, return to Tyulyuk (day 2).

3.2. Southern Nurgush (2 days).

3.3. Lake at the head of Tyulyuk, Yagodny Ridge (2 days).

3.4. Tyulyuk - the pass between the Big and Small Iremel (1 day). Climbing light on Big and Small Iremel (2 day). Trekking along the valley of the Tygyn River, climbing lightly to the peaks of the Avalyak Ridge (3rd day). Descent to the village of Nikolaevka (day 4).

3.5. The Yuryuzan River, before reaching Tyulyuk at the northern tip of the Zigalga Ridge. Crossing the Yuryuzan (in high water - on a catamaran). Trek along the Evlakta River to the lake and waterfall and to the beginning of the Kurum River (1 day). Climbing the Cross (2 day). Return to the starting point (3rd day).

3.6. Aleksandrovka village – pass through Zigalga (1 day). Walking light along the middle part of Zigalga, Frozen Rock Mountain (2nd day). If it were not for the reserve, one could go light to Shelomy (3 days). Descent from the pass to the village of Upper Katav.

The traverse of the entire Zigalga Ridge would take 5 days.

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In the village of Upper Katav, you can also finish another three-day route - along the Dry Mountains ridge. Compared to the neighboring Nara and Zigalga ridges, this is a thousand-meter ridge, from which magnificent views of the Cross, Shelomy and the peaks of the Nara ridge open. The tops of the Dry Mountains are a fabulous light forest of dwarf firs.

3.7. Start in the village of Nilsky, transition with a backpack to the pass through the Dry Mountains (1 day). Walk to the southern part of the ridge (2 day). Trekking with a backpack through the northern part of the ridge to the village of Upper Katav (3rd day).

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3.8. Ridge Bakty from Tyulyuk to the village of Verkhnearshinsky. It must be borne in mind that where the ridge ends, there is the South Ural Reserve (3 days).

Neighborhood of Beloretsk

The peculiarity of the area is that there are both elongated ridges, for example, Kumardak, and many short thousand-meter ridges. Each ridge is somewhat unique, so you can visit many different peaks in one trip. Kumardak is a string of thousand-meter peaks with spurs: Small Kumardak and Bear. I like the stone river descending from Kumardak with numerous "tributaries" separated by spruce groves. Routes:

4.1. Kumardak ridge: Tirlyansky village, Miselya farm, Inzerskiye Zubchatki, foot of Kumardak (1 day). Pass between Medvezhya and Kumardak, light ascent to Medvezhya, descent from the pass, inspection of the Stone River, light ascent to Big Kumardak (day 2). Climbing lightly to Small Kumardak, exit to the village of Verkhnearshinsky (3rd day).

4.2. Ridge Mashak, located west of Kumardak, unfortunately, is located in the reserve. Kumardak and Mashak merge from the south with Mount Corner Mashak and are separated by the valley of the Yuryuzan River (its source is located there). This is one of the most remote places in the Southern Urals. If it could be visited, it would take a trek of 5-6 days.

4.3. Mount Yamantau, the highest peak of the Southern Urals, is located in the South Ural Reserve. Climbing it is strictly prohibited (3 days).

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4.4. Tirlyansky village, Inzerskie Zubchatki, Crane swamp (1 day). Mount Yalangas, Nura village (2nd day). From Mount Yalangas you can look at the majestic ranges of the Southern Urals a little from the side.

4.5. Surroundings of the village of Nura. Several short ridges can be visited depending on the number of days. Raspberry and Kirel mountains (1 day). Trek to the foot of Aursyak (Salavattau) and Mayardak (2nd day). Climbing Mayardak and Aursyak, crossing to the foot of Yalangas (3rd day). Climbing Yalangas, return to Nura (day 4).

4.6. Many mountains are located to the west of the Big Inzer - Kapkalka, Yeriktash, Karatash, Yusha, Shiktash. All of them are included in the South Ural Reserve. The crossing through Bolshoi Inzer is difficult (4-5 days).

4.7. Mount Small Yamantau is open to the public. An ecological trail from the village of Revet leads to its top (not far from railway station Inzer).

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southern ranges

These are the ridges on which the border of the forest passes at an altitude of 1200 m - that is, at the very peaks. There is practically no kurum on the ridges. Above - steppes with sharp rocky peaks. Consider three ridges: Kryktytau, Kraka and Shatak. The peaks south of these ridges are already completely hidden by forest.

This is a long ridge to the west of the Uraltau, so it is characterized by gently sloping peaks with sharp rocks, the absence of a kurum, and deep rocky gorges with waterfalls. At the foot of Kryktytau are the ski resort Abzakovo and Bannoe. Near Banny there is a mountain gorge - a place for climbers to train. You can make three three-day trips along Kryktytau - in the northern, middle and southern parts. This is favorite place recreation for residents of Magnitogorsk

5.1. Northern part of Kryktytau. The three-day route starts and ends in the ski resort of Abzakovo. You can go deep into the ridge, the next day take a light walk on the peaks and on the third day return to Abzakovo.

5.2. Bannoye, Pioneer camp, Mountain gorge, light ascent to Yamankaya (the mountain offers a magnificent view of the Great Steppe and many lakes), ascent to the peaks of the Salavatov Mountains (Shershiltau) (1 day). Trekking with a backpack down Mount Kusimov, setting up a camp, hiking lightly to Mount Kushay (2nd day). Down the Vodopadnoye stream to Bannoye Lake.

5.3. Southern part of Kryktytau. Forested ridge with rocky peaks rising above the forest. The highest peak is Karatash near the village of Kuzhanovo. You can finish in Askarovo (route for 3 days).

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Kraka

Winding ridge with deep valleys of streams. The valleys are overgrown with forest, while the ridge itself is bald in places.

5.4. The route starts and ends in Shigaevo. In three days you can visit the ridges of Big and Small Kraka.

Shatak

This is the southernmost range in the Southern Urals, the peaks of which rise above the level of the forest. To the south of it there are also thousand-meter peaks, but they are already completely hidden by the forest. On the top of Shatak there is a steppe, where you can meet wild horses, and rocky peaks.

5.5. The three-day route along Shatak begins and ends in the village of Ismakaevo. On the first day we climb the ridge as long as there is water. On the second day we go light across the steppe along the ring route, examining southern peaks Shatak and the Small Shatak ridge. On the third day we rise to the very high peak- Big Shatak and return to Ismakaevo.

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Routes other than the Southern Urals?

When planning 2-4 day trips with an overnight trip, it is logical to pay attention to the north. In the Northern Urals, the mountains are similar in appearance to the mountains of the Southern Urals, only the forest boundary is much lower - at a level of 800m and instead of spruce forests - cedars (Siberian pine) and the climate is more severe. The transfer is difficult - almost everywhere except for the massif of Konzhakovsky Stone and Kachkanar, off-road vehicles are required.

The logical development of tourist life after overnight trips in the Urals is trips from 1 to 3 weeks in Altai and Siberia. These hikes in the tourist club "New Nomads" are held within the framework of the project "".

Map "Southern Ural - stitched 5-kilometer"

Night hikes in the Urals (see also):

The Southern Urals is rich in tourist hiking routes.

The peaks of Taganay, the ridges of Zyuratkul, the rocky remains of Mount Arakul - there is where to roam! Vacation time is coming. And we decided to make a map of the most interesting hiking trails in the South Urals. We are helped by experienced travelers, organizers of hikes Evgeny Konovalov and Alexander Pshenichny, who know that even on well-known routes you can find unexplored trails.

1. Shemakha Cave*

It is located near the village of Skaz, Nyazepetrovsky district. In summer the cave is filled with water, which freezes in winter, turning the grotto into a fabulous ice city. Tourists can walk along the purest transparent ice floor, take pictures with long icicles. By the way, the second cave is located not far from the first one, but descending into it is possible only with special equipment and with certain preparation. In the second cave, those who manage to move in a plastunsky way will like it. Almost the entire length of the dungeon will have to crawl.

When traveling to the caves, you can focus on the village of Shemakha, having reached it, ask local residents how to get to the village of Skaz, from where there is one road to the cave.

2. Sugomak*

Some of the most famous and easily accessible sights in the north of the region are Mount Sugomak and the Sugomak cave, located in the vicinity of Kyshtym. The place is good because within a radius of a couple of kilometers you can visit several objects - a mountain, a lake and a cave.

The cave is the only one in the Urals formed by water in marble rock.

Climbing Mount Sugomak takes no more than an hour, the trail is accessible to children and pensioners. Stunning views of the numerous lakes of our region open from the top, from this peak you can even see Uvildy.

Mount Egoza rises to the north of Sugomak. These are the peaks of the same ridge, they are very similar to each other.

By the way, on the way to Sugomak you can visit another amazing place - a kaolin quarry. Tourists call this place Russian Bali. The quarry was dug in 1945 to extract kaolin, a special type of white clay. An artificial reservoir with unusual blue water and snow-white shores is a favorite backdrop for photographs. Usually the whole thing ends with photographing. It is believed that swimming in the quarry is unsafe due to hazardous chemical compounds found in the water. So it turns out that not every white clay is good for the body!

The quarry is located near the village of Kaolinovy ​​near Kyshtym.

3. Sheehan** and Allaki*

Kasli district is rich in mysterious places. So, many people know the stone remains on Shikhan near Lake Arakul. Shihan was formed by huge granite slabs and blocks, as if washed with water. The origin of the remains is unknown, some individual researchers even suggest that they appeared after the Flood. On the stones there are bizarre recesses - bowls.

There is another one in the same area. mystical place, where excursion groups go less often. These are "stone tents" on the shore of Bolshie Allaki Lake. On a small hill, blocks of stone are pressed against each other, and around there is not a single rock or mountain - a continuous plain. Archaeologists believe that the "stone town" served as a sanctuary.

To get to the bizarre stones, you need to follow the Chelyabinsk - Yekaterinburg highway, before reaching Tyubuk, turn left. You can focus on the village of Krasny partisan. To climb the remnants of Shikhan, you can get to the village of Vishnevogorsk, or to Silach. From these settlements follow on foot.

4. Urenga and Mont Blanc***

The longest ridge of the Chelyabinsk region Urenga originates directly from the city of Zlatoust. The highest point of the ridge is the Second Sopka (Golaya Gora), the height of which reaches 1,198 m. It is from it that a magnificent view of the entire Taganay National Park opens.

To climb to the top, you need to get to the village of Veselovka, from there a dirt road leads to the top.

By the way, the Chelyabinsk region has not only its own Paris, but also its own piece of the Alps. The Taganay peak of the same name with the French mountain Mont Blanc is the place where not every tourist gets. The reason is that Mont Blanc is located away from the main hiking trails. However, it's worth going there! From the mountain you can see all the main peaks of Taganay. But the easiest and most popular route of Taganay is the Black Rock, climbing will not be difficult even for those who first got out of a cozy apartment.

5. Big Nurgush***

In another national park - "Zyuratkul" - is located the most high point Chelyabinsk region - 1,406 meters. Geographically, this is the Satka district. The hike to the summit will be a landmark event, the route is good for those who want to test their strength before steeper peaks. One way trip will be 14 km. Tourists start their journey early in the morning from the “At the Three Peaks” shelter, this is the last place to rest before climbing, more tourists will not meet a warm corner on the way. Here it is better to leave heavy things to go light. Experienced travelers are advised to go to Big Nurgush in the summer or winter time, late autumn is also good. In the off-season, when everything in the city has melted, in the mountains there is still the very water, falling through the snow, you can get your foot into the stream. So during this period you need to take spare clothes and shoes.

6. Prytes on the Ai River*

The banks of the purest mountain rivers Sim and Ai are rich in natural attractions.

In the Katav-Ivanovsky district, seven kilometers from the village of Serpievka, on the right bank of the Sim River, there is one of the most famous caves Chelyabinsk region - Ignatievskaya. Here unique cave drawings, which, according to scientists, were inscribed from six to eight thousand years ago.

On the banks of the Ai River on the border with Bashkiria, a real cave hail- Sikiyaz-Tamak cave complex, which has 42 separate grottoes.

We also recommend visiting the Big Stone Pits located along the Ai River. This is a high and long rock wall, up to 100 meters high, and at the same time natural viewpoint from where wonderful views of the local beauty open.

7. Sights of Miass*

Beautiful view to the pearl of the Urals - Lake Turgoyak - opens from Bald Mountain. Lake Inyshko is also clearly visible from here. You should set off on the path to the mountain directly from Inyshko Lake itself.

A few kilometers from Bald Mountain there is another interesting peak to visit - the Zaozerny Range (Falcon Rocks).

8. Korkinsky section*

An unusual route can be a visit to the Korkinsky section. Despite the fact that the residents of Chelyabinsk and nearby settlements sometimes blame it for all environmental troubles, this is an amazing place. The Korkinsky open pit is the second largest coal mine in the world. Its depth is more than 500 meters, and the diameter of the funnel is one and a half kilometers. It is better to see all the power and greatness of the quarry in calm weather. Otherwise, it will be difficult to see anything due to the accumulation of coal dust in the section. Located near the village of Rosa.

9. Arkaim**

Few have heard of ancient settlement Arkaim. However, there are some surprises here too. Surprisingly, not all travelers, coming to Arkaim, visit the settlement itself. Many, getting to the tent camp and the hills, believe that they have visited a place of power. But to the settlement itself, where the reconstruction of the dwellings of the Arkaimians is now presented, and earlier the houses themselves were located, you need to walk several kilometers (the total round-trip route is 5 km), an excursion can be booked at the travel agency near tent city.

They also bypass several peaks far from the camp. As a rule, tourists climb Shamanka, Mount of Love, Mount of Repentance, located near the tents. A rare tourist gets to Mount Reason, which settled 16 km from the camp. It is believed that this mountain gives clarity of mind, and the path to true knowledge is never easy! Many here begin to feel dizzy, their health worsens - some researchers argue that the mountain is a source of radiation of the most powerful energy flows.

Seven kilometers from the camp is the Mount of Seven Seals, which is considered a place where the “third eye” can open. Routes in different directions from the camp can turn into interesting hikes during a visit to Arkaim.

By the way, the river Bolshaya Karaganka, which goes around the ancient settlement of Arkaim, is considered sacred by esotericists, and is called the sister of the Ganges. There is a local belief that in order to look younger by one year, you need to go down into it as many times as a person is old.

Designations of difficulty levels of routes:

* - easy

** - average

*** - heavy

Families are made on trips

The guys from Chelyabinsk have been professionally organizing trips for a couple of years. The personal travel experience of Yevgeny Konovalov and Alexander Pshenichny is much longer than this period. At some point, I wanted to attract others to active recreation. This is how the Everest company was created, which organizes hiking, rafting and other events, both in the Southern Urals and in interesting places in Russia.

Our region has something to brag about, Evgeny says with knowledge. In his opinion, the Southern Urals is rich in natural attractions, few will yield in their number.

– There are many places in Russia with beautiful nature. But there are more objects for tourism in our region than in other regions of the country. These are all kinds of caves, lakes, of which we have more than three thousand, etc., - says Evgeny Konovalov.

Guests from other regions went hiking with the guys more than once. Tourists from Moscow, Yoshkar-Ola, Arkhangelsk, St. Petersburg came to the Southern Urals especially to see local sights.

The main tourists traveling with Everest are young people under the age of 30, and for the most part they are those who prefer to travel around Russia, bypassing exotic countries.

– Our tourists joke that Everest connects hearts. Young people look at each other during hikes, then create couples, families, - Yevgeny Konovalov smiles. - Pensioners also go with us, of course, five people gathered on one trip, so they all became friends with each other. Friendly hangouts are formed on hikes, everyone communicates with pleasure. Bad people don't go hiking!

Expert

Alexander Pshenichny, the organizer of tours, told how attractive it is to rest with a backpack on your shoulders:

- We need to take a break from civilization more often, go to the forest, mountains for several days, a week, in order to rest in the full sense of the word. After all, what is a traditional vacation with lying on the beach near the sea? People simply change one apartment for another, only a “pond of water” is added nearby. This does not allow you to completely relax the mind, calm down, stop. In the campaign, the tasks are simple - make a fire, find food, this is what helps to get away from the anxieties of city everyday life.

When you climb mountains, these are indescribable emotions, overcoming yourself. Campings form a personality in me, it is not only hardening of the body, but also of the spirit, with each trip I exceed my own limit, and I grow as a person, a person, a man.

What could be better than a crackling fire on a dark night or swimming in Turgoyak on a hot summer day? And in the evening you lie in a hammock and look at the stars. This is real vacation.

In addition, on hikes you can always find like-minded people and hear wise advice. In the routes we often communicate with completely different people, they are living sources of information who share their life experience. So sometimes you go camping with a problem and come back with a solution.

How to dress for a hike?

In the cold period, the order is as follows: first, thermal underwear, then a jacket or sweatshirt made of fleece. We complete the toilet with a ski suit. These three layers of clothing guarantee that the tourist will not freeze or get wet. An expensive item of expenditure is shoes, it is better if it is a special hiking one. Typically, these boots are sold in sports stores, they cost about 7-8 thousand rubles, but during sales, prices are significantly reduced.

In summer, you need two types of shoes - sneakers and slates. Mostly cotton clothing - trousers, T-shirt. For the evening - a warm fleece jacket. Since it is often windy in the mountains, you may need a windbreaker. In the hot season, you can not do without panama and sunglasses.

What to put in a backpack?

The collection of a backpack also differs from what time the hike is organized, as well as from its duration. If you have to spend the night in nature, the number of things increases dramatically.

You will always need a drink (a thermos with tea in winter, one and a half to two liters of water in summer), a snack, matches, spare clothes (socks, mittens in winter), and in some hikes, shoes, a raincoat in the off-season and in summer.

If the hike drags on for several days, then a tent, a sleeping bag, foam (a reliable heat insulator, used to protect tourists from the cold of the earth on a hike), an awning from rain (in summer), an ax, a bowler hat and utensils for cooking and, of course, a guitarist with an instrument for fun.

In addition to the usual flashlight (a headlamp is convenient), in winter you can’t do without “flashlights” on your feet. These are personal equipment that protect the lower limbs from getting stones, sand, snow and water into the shoes. They look like covers, they are worn over boots and the bottom of trousers.

By the way! Going on a hike is better with a phone that has maps and GPS, or with an experienced hiker. The latter is preferable and safer.

On request

Combined tours, horse and water trips, walking and water tour

Rafting water trips along the rivers of the Urals

Excursion tours in the Urals

* on request - the tour is conducted for organized groups from 10 people

Ural (from Bashk. үr - hill, Bashk. үral - belt) - a geographical region in Russia, stretching between the East European and West Siberian plains. The main part of this region is the Ural mountain system.

The Urals is located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia and is the border between these regions. The stone belt of the Urals and the adjacent elevated plains of the Urals stretch from the shores of the Arctic Ocean in the north to the semi-desert regions of Kazakhstan in the south in the form of a 100-400 km strip: for more than 2500 km they separate the East European and West Siberian plains.

Territorial division

· Polar Ural

Subpolar Urals

· Northern Ural

Middle Urals

· Southern Urals

The Urals have long amazed and continue to amaze researchers with an abundance of minerals and its main wealth - minerals. In the bowels of the Ural Mountains there are iron, copper ores, and chromium, and nickel, and cobalt, and zinc, and coal, and oil, and gold, and precious stones. The Urals has long been the largest mining and metallurgical base of the entire country. The riches of nature also include forest resources. The Southern and Middle Urals provide the opportunity for agriculture.

This natural region is one of the most important for the life of Russia and its citizens.

Features of nature

The Ural Mountains consist of low ranges and massifs. The highest of them, rising above 1200-1500 m, are located in the Subpolar (Mount Narodnaya - 1895 m), Northern (Mount Telposiz - 1617 m) and Southern (Mount Yamantau - 1640 m) Urals. The massifs of the Middle Urals are much lower, usually not higher than 600-800 m. The western and eastern foothills of the Urals and the foothill plains are often dissected by deep river valleys, there are many rivers in the Urals and the Urals.

The Ural Mountains are old (they appeared in the late Proterozoic) and are located in the area of ​​the Hercynian folding.

Climate

The climate of the Urals is typical mountainous; Precipitation is unevenly distributed not only over the regions, but also within each region. The West Siberian Plain is a territory with a harsh continental climate; in the meridional direction, its continentality increases much less sharply than on the Russian Plain. Climate mountainous areas Western Siberia is less continental than the climate of the West Siberian Plain. Interestingly, within the same zone on the plains of the Cis-Urals and Trans-Urals natural conditions noticeably different. This is explained by the fact that the Ural Mountains serve as a kind of climatic barrier. To the west of them, more precipitation falls, the climate is more humid and mild; to the east, that is, beyond the Urals, there is less precipitation, the climate is drier, with pronounced continental features.

A couple of centuries ago animal world was richer than now. Plowing, hunting, deforestation have displaced and destroyed the habitats of many animals. Wild horses, saigas, bustards, little bustards have disappeared. Herds of deer migrated deep into the tundra. On the other hand, rodents (hamsters, field mice) spread on the plowed lands. In the north, you can meet the inhabitants of the tundra - reindeer, and in the south, typical inhabitants of the steppes - marmots, shrews, snakes and lizards. The forests are inhabited by predators: brown bears, wolves, wolverines, foxes, sables, ermines, lynxes. Ungulates (moose, deer, roe deer, etc.) and birds of various species are found in them.

Differences in landscapes are noticeable when climbing. In the Southern Urals, for example, the path to the peaks of the largest Zigalga ridge begins with crossing a strip of hills and ravines at the foot, densely overgrown with shrubs. Then the road goes through pine, birch and aspen forests, among which grassy glades flash by. Spruces and firs rise above the palisade. Dead wood is almost invisible - it burns out during frequent forest fires. Swamps can be found on gently sloping places. The peaks are covered with stone placers, moss and grass. Rare and stunted firs, crooked birch trees that come across here do not in any way resemble the landscape at the foot, with multi-colored carpets of grasses and shrubs. Fires on high altitude are already powerless, so the path is now and then blocked by the blockages of fallen trees. The top of Mount Yamantau (1640 m) is a relatively flat area, but it is almost impregnable due to the heap of old trunks.

Natural resources

From natural resources the Urals, its mineral resources are of paramount importance. The Urals has long been the largest mining and metallurgical base of the country. And in the extraction of some mineral ores, the Urals ranks first in the world.

Back in the 16th century, deposits of rock salt and sandstone containing copper were known on the western outskirts of the Urals. In the 17th century, quite numerous iron deposits became known and ironworks appeared.

Placers of gold and deposits of platinum were found in the mountains, and precious stones were found on the eastern slope. From generation to generation, the skill of searching for ore, smelting metal, making weapons and art products from it, and processing gems was passed on.

Numerous deposits of high-quality iron ores are known in the Urals (the mountains are Magnitnaya, High, Blagodat, Kachkanar), copper ores (Mednogorsk, Karabash, Sibay, Guy), rare non-ferrous metals, gold, silver, platinum, the best bauxites in the country, rock and potassium salts (Solikamsk, Berezniki, Berezovskoye, Vazhenskoye, Ilyetskoye). There is oil in the Urals (Ishimbay), natural gas (Orenburg), coal, asbestos, precious and semi-precious stones.

The hydropower potential of the Ural rivers (Pavlovskaya, Yumaguzinskaya, Shirokovskaya, Iriklinskaya and several small hydropower plants) remains a far from fully developed resource.

Rivers and lakes

The rivers belong to the basins of the Arctic Ocean (on the western slope - Pechora with Usa, on the east - Tobol, Iset, Tura, Lozva, Northern Sosva, belonging to the Ob system) and the Caspian Sea (Kama with Chusovaya and Belaya; Ural River).

Toponym origin

There are many versions of the origin of the toponym "Ural". An analysis of the language contacts of the first Russian settlers in the region indicates that the toponym, in all likelihood, was acquired from the Bashkir language. Indeed, of all the autochthonous peoples of the Urals, this name has existed since ancient times only among the Bashkirs, and is supported at the level of the language, legends and traditions of this people (epos Ural-batyr). Other indigenous peoples of the Urals (Khanty, Mansi, Udmurts, Komi) have other traditional names for the Ural Mountains, assimilating the name "Ural" only in the 19th-20th centuries from the Russian language.

In the Bashkir language, the toponym "Ural" is recognized as very ancient, probably dating back to the pra-Turkic state. It should be associated with head. үr ~ other Turkic. *ör "height, eminence".[

"Ural" in Bashkir - belt. There is a Bashkir tale about a giant who wore a belt with deep pockets. He hid all his wealth in them. The belt was huge. Once a giant stretched it, and the belt lay across the whole earth, from the cold Kara Sea in the north to the sandy shores of the southern Caspian Sea. This is how the Ural Range was formed.

In Greek books written two thousand years ago, one can read about the distant "Riphean Mountains", where gloomy vultures guard countless golden treasures. The Bashkir folk epos "Ural-batyr" deserves closer attention, which tells about the progenitors of the peoples of the Urals who survived the Flood, the conflict that arose and the subsequent struggle of the Urals with their elder brother Shulgan, who chose the path of evil and the settlement of their descendants of the adjacent lands. The main toponyms of the Southern Urals are directly related with the events of the epic. The conflict of life, mercy and the natural principle "the strong eats the weak", the theme of the search for Living Water and personified Death for its subsequent destruction, for the sake of eternal life, the idea of ​​selfless service to people, equality and self-sacrifice for the benefit of others are considered.

The contribution of the Urals to the artistic culture of Russia is not only great, but also remarkably unique. A solid foundation, on which the decorative and applied art of the Urals flourished, was industry, its main centers were factories. The significance of industry in the development of the region and its culture was well understood by contemporaries themselves. In one of the official documents it is written: "Ekaterinburg owes both its existence and its flourishing state only to factories."

With good reason, the Urals can be considered the birthplace of Russian industrial processing of marble, subordinated to the needs of domestic architecture. If we turn to antiquity, then this is primarily folk arts and crafts. For example, carpet weaving, patterned weaving, embroidery, leather processing, vivid examples of which have been preserved in Bashkir folk art. In the museums of the Republic of Bashkortostan, one can directly come into contact with a rich variety of ancient items. Modern artists such as A. Mazitov, D. Suleymanov, T. Sirazhetdinov, G. Kalitov, R. Minnibaev, A. Korolevskiy, Meos, B. Domashnikov, Yu. Aminev and many others.