Mars is considered a planet with unusual landscapes consisting of craters, once-flowing riverbeds, volcanoes and hardened lava, once scattered by volcanoes on Mars. Not so long ago, the surface of Mars was unknown to us and it was difficult to study it from our planet due to a number of reasons, but with the help of the Mars Odyssey apparatus, this became possible. Mars has always been an object special attention scientists, since it once looked like Earth and in order to avoid the same future on Earth, it is necessary to find out what happened to Mars and prevent it on Earth.

The map of Mars was created using several thousand images taken with the THEMIS camera. This camera creates images based on the analysis of the thermal radiation of the planet. After creating a huge number of images, the experts were engaged in creating a general picture of the Martian surface. The experts used various methods of combining images into one and removed the distortion associated with the special optics of the camera.

Now the Mars-Eksperss apparatus is also operating in the orbit of Mars, which also surveys the surface of the planet. The card obtained with it will be unique. Surveying the surface of Mars is carried out using laser technology. The device sends a laser pulse to the surface of the planet, the laser pulse itself is reflected from the planet and sent back to the spacecraft. Based on the time spent on overcoming the distance from the spacecraft to the planet, a conclusion is made about the distance to the surface. This apparatus can detect slopes too small to be seen from the Earth's surface. Thus, photographing the surface is more accurate than using a simple photograph. may interfere with this method of photography, but after receiving conflicting data, scientists understand that they hit the satellite, after some time the signal is sent again.

Mars on Google Maps

A map of the planet Mars also exists in google maps. In order to view the surface of Mars using google maps, you need to install a project from google - google maps and there in the menu you need to select the item - “planet Mars” (how to do this, see

The Google Virtual Map of Mars is an online application that is very reminiscent of Google Earth, the map of Mars is also made on this engine. This color map of Mars is nothing more than topographic map Mars 3d. This gives us an idea of ​​the heights of the area. This map of Mars from Google also allows you to switch between visible and real-time infrared views. The toggle buttons are in the top right corner.

Control

In the google map of mars program, you can move up, down, left or right using the buttons indicated by arrows in the upper left corner of the screen. To zoom in and out on the Google Mars map, simply move the tool slider. It is also on the left side.

This Mars Odyssey imagery map of Mars is a mosaic of images taken from orbit.

If you're wondering why Google Mars maps are sharper in infrared, it's because clouds and dust on the planet are transparent to infrared light.

Additional features

In the search bar, you can search for objects of interest to you, for example, Mount Olympus - Olympus mons and read its description and detailed pictures. To return to the map, press "Backspace". It also provides a search for pre-selected groups: spacecraft, mountains, volcanoes, craters, canyons, etc. To do this, click on the appropriate link to the right of the Google icon.

Topographic map of Mars

Pyramids and the Face on Mars

If you don't know how to google Mars pyramids, then it's pretty easy. The Google Mars program allows you to quickly search. You can see the coordinates on Google Mars, but the search for them does not work.

Region Cydonia

Kydonia, some translate as Cydonia, is a plateau located in the northern hemisphere of the planet and famous for the fact that the numerous hills of this region, according to the first images of the Viking 1 orbiter, resembled the Face (by the way, Google Mars allows you to see in one click), the Sphinx and pyramids.

Subsequently, more detailed images of the Mars Odyssey and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft (the Google Mars service also uses their images) showed that these hills have nothing to do with the activities of supposedly intelligent representatives of the planet, and what previously seemed like quite meaningful figures appeared in the form the usual Martian landscape. However, interest in these formations does not fade away, and therefore the pyramids on Mars, Google Mars are quite easy to find. It is enough to type Cydonia in the search bar and switch to infrared mode. Google's satellite map of Mars shows the Face and just below the pyramid. We hope that with Google Mars, you will constantly discover new discoveries for yourself.

Google Mars Pyramid coordinates are 40.75N, 9.46W. By the way, the planet Google Mars pyramid coordinates allows you to calculate quite easily, just select the object you are interested in and the necessary information of interest will appear in the drop-down menu.

Valles Marineris

The Mariner Valley is the longest and deep canyon in the solar system. It is a companion of the highest mountain in the solar system, Mount Olympus, which is also on the red planet. This pair demonstrates what extremes can be found using google mars online. To search for a valley, it is enough to type “Valles Marineris” in the command line of the map.

Valley dimensions

The Marinera Valley is about 4000 km long and 200 km wide, in some places it is up to 7 km deep. It runs along the equator and covers almost a quarter of the planet's circumference, or 59% of its diameter. The Google Mars map shows that the Mariner Valley system is a network of interconnected ravines that start in the west, and Google shows this well. Noctis Labyrinthus or "Labyrinth of the Night" is considered the beginning of the Mariner Valley. The canyon passes through various areas of chaotic terrain (ridges, fissures, and plains mixed) before ending in the Chryse Planitia basin.

The most common theory for the formation of such a huge canyon is that it was formed by stretching a surface layer. The theory is supported by erosion and destruction of the rift wall. Rift valleys usually formed between two mountain ranges and during their formation.

Discovery history

The mighty canyon is named after NASA's Mariner 9 spacecraft, which first photographed it from close range in 1971-1972 Mariner 9 was the first spacecraft to orbit another planet, ahead of the Mars 2 and Mars 3 missions.

The Mariner Valley on Mars is the focus of many scientists because of its geological past. It indicates that Mars used to be much wetter and warmer. If you are looking for interesting places on Google Mars, then this valley is rightfully in the TOP5.

Software updates

In 2012, the Google Mars program was significantly updated. The reason for this was that by that time, as many as three orbiters were circling in the orbit of the red planet, continuously surveying the surface in various ranges and with different resolutions.

Most of the Google Mars resource is now represented by images taken by the Context Camera (CTX), which is installed on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) satellite. The map of Mars on Google has a pretty good resolution - 6 meters per pixel - this is much better than most of the images of our Earth in Google Maps(about 15 meters per pixel) and significantly exceeds previous photographs of the planet.

Telescope in orbit

The newest map of Google Mars shows some parts of the surface with a resolution of 25-30 cm per pixel! This is the merit of the HiRISE camera, which is installed on the MRO satellite. The HiRISE camera is actually a telescope with a main mirror diameter of 30 cm! Despite the monstrous detail, it will take many years to fully map the planet with such a resolution, so scientists are interested in the most relevant regions of the planet and the places where the rovers work, of which there are now two (Curiosity and Opportunity).

A collection of photographs transmitted by the HiRISE camera

To view in full screen mode, use the button on the top right.

Do not forget that such bright colors of the planet are due to the fact that the camera captures part of the infrared range. Images obtained using different light filters and wavelengths are necessary to identify various features of the surface and mineral deposits.

Gale Crater has received quite a bit of attention on Google Mars. The new version of Google Mars shows fresh satellite images in grayscale, so they are easy to distinguish from old ones and remember that these are not Google Mars artifacts, despite the fact that quite a lot of interesting objects were found on the Google Mars map.

Lava tubes on the surface

Quite interesting formations are collapsed lava tubes - channels that form during uneven cooling of lava that flows from the slopes of the volcano. So that virtual card Mars allows you to watch not only well-known objects, but also quite rare geological formations. However, the Google Mars map is just high-detail images, so we recommend Google Mars maps 3D, which quite well convey the feeling of being on an alien planet. It is especially pleasing that recently it has become possible to watch Google Mars in Russian. So the Google Mars application is not only a good visualization and technology demonstration tool, but also a whole multimedia entertainment center that allows you to make exciting travel on the red planet.

3D view

Google Mars 3d map allows you not only to explore the planet, but also to make virtual journey, because the relief map of Mars conveys the surface of a distant planet much more realistically. In 3D mode, users can enjoy the surface of the planet from a bird's eye view, and the 3d Google Mars map allows you to virtually move to the most popular objects, view the "Face on Mars" and Mount Olympus.

This view from the Google Mars satellite was obtained using the modern NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and Mars Express orbiters, as well as from the Mars Odyssey spacecraft.

A little about the planet itself

After the Earth, practically the only place in the solar system that could shelter people. But there are many things that we have to overcome on the red planet.

Orbit

The orbit of the planet of the "god of war" in terms of eccentricity ranks second in the solar system. Only the orbit of Mercury has a greater eccentricity. At perihelion, it is at a distance of 206.6 million km from the Sun, and at aphelion, 249.2 million km. The average distance from it to the Sun (the so-called semi-major axis) is 228 million km. One rotation of Mars takes 687 Earth days. The distance to the Sun changes depending on the gravitational influence of other planets, and the eccentricity can change over time. More recently, approximately 1.350 million years ago, it had an almost circular orbit.

At its closest point, it is about 55.7 million km from Earth. The planets of maximum approach each other every 26 months. Because of the vast distance, a trip to Mars will take anywhere from 10 months to a year, depending on how much propellant we use.

The size

Mars is very small and the global topographic map of Mars shows that its area is very small. The size of Mars is only 6792 km across, which is about half the diameter, and only 10% of the mass of the Earth. The Google Satellite Map of Mars lets you view the planet as if you could stand on its surface. Mars, but unfortunately does not convey to us that we would experience only 30% of gravity on the surface of the Earth.

Seasons

Mars, like all planets in the solar system, has an axial tilt of about 25.19 degrees. This slope is similar to Earth's, so it has seasons. Martian seasons are longer than Earth's, because the year on it is almost twice as long as the Earth's year. The drastically changing distance between Mars at aphelion and perihelion means that its seasons are out of balance.

Day

One day on Mars is only a few minutes longer than on Earth. You can quickly adapt. Another advantage is that the tilt of the Martian axis is very similar to the Earth's, it is a pity that the map of Mars online from the satellite does not show this.

Conditions

But Mars has a very inhospitable environment. Its , is only 1% of the thickness of the Earth's atmosphere. It consists mainly of carbon dioxide. You will not be able to breathe in such an atmosphere. at night it can drop to -100 °C, even at the height of summer at the equator. interactive map Mars in high resolution shows the huge polar ice caps at the poles of the planet.

One of the most important problems is the planet's lack of a magnetosphere. Here on Earth, radioactive particles from space are deflected away from the surface, but there is no protection on Mars.

B in the end, I recommend watching the popular science film Mars: the underground (The Mars Underground).

Aerospace engineer and Mars Community President Robert Zubrin dreams of sending humans to the red planet in the next 10 years.

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Mars- the fourth largest planet from the Sun and the seventh largest planet in the solar system; the mass of the planet is 10.7% of the mass of the Earth. Named after Mars, the ancient Roman god of war. Mars is sometimes referred to as the "red planet" because of the reddish hue of the surface given to it by iron oxide.

Mars is a terrestrial planet with a rarefied atmosphere (the pressure at the surface is 160 times less than the earth's). The features of the surface relief of Mars can be considered impact craters like those of the moon, as well as volcanoes, valleys, deserts and polar ice caps like those of the earth.

Mars has two natural satellites - Phobos and Deimos (translated from ancient Greek - " fear" and " horror”, the names of the two sons of Ares who accompanied him in battle), which are relatively small (Phobos - 26.8 × 22.4 × 18.4 km, Deimos - 15 × 12.2 × 10.4 km) and have an irregular shape.

mars map

Structure

It, like others from this group, has the same structure: core, mantle and crust, although each layer differs in thickness, depending on the planet. Mercury has an average density of 5.43 g/cm3. Earth is the only denser planet than Mercury. Mercury most likely has a liquid core composed primarily of an iron-nickel alloy. Venus has a crust that dips 10-30 km below the surface. After that, the mantle reaches a depth of about 3000 km. The planetary core is liquid, composed of an iron-nickel alloy. The average density is 5.240 g/cm3.

Height map with marks where the vehicles descended

The earth's crust is on average 30 km thick for land and 5 km for the seabed. The mantle extends to a depth of 2900 km.

The core begins at a depth of about 5100 km and consists of two separate parts: the outer core is a liquid iron-nickel alloy, and the inner core, which is a hard alloy of iron and nickel. The average density of the planet is 5.520 g/cm3. Mars is about half the diameter of Earth. The depth of the crust and mantle is not known for sure, the average density is 3.930 g/cm3.

The size

Firstly, even the online satellite map of Mars does not show how small the radius of the red planet is, which is 3.389 km. Its circumference is 21344 km. Further, its volume is 1.63 × 10 * 11 km3. And the mass, which is equal to 6.4169 × 10 * 23 kg.

For comparison, it has only 53% of the diameter and about 38% of the Earth's surface area. This is approximately equal to the area of ​​all the continents of the Earth and the 3d map of Mars from the satellite clearly confirms this. Its volume is equal to 15% of the volume of the Earth, and its mass is 11% of the mass of the Earth. As you can see, Mars is a small world, only Mercury is smaller, but despite this, a magnified map of Mars allows you to examine its surface in detail.

Surface features

mount olympus on mars

Despite its small size, it has many interesting features. A 3D satellite map of Mars allows you to enjoy the majestic spectacle of Mount Olympus, which is the most high mountain in the solar system at a height of 21.2 km from the base.

Before us is a map of Mars, the Mariner Valley is the deepest valley. Mars is home to hundreds of thousands of craters that are clearly visible on the surface, and a large relief map of Mars confirms this. A 3D map of Mars allows you to see in detail the North Polar Basin and the Hellas Basin - the largest in the solar system.

Region Cydonia

Color image of the Cydonia region

There are hundreds of volcanoes on the surface of Mars. The NASA map of Mars allows some of them, which are considered the most high mountains in the solar system, viewed in high detail.

An interactive map of Mars can tell a lot of interesting things, Cydonia, perhaps the most “popular” region of the planet. In this place, the most mysterious surface formations are concentrated, such as the pyramids, the “face on Mars” and the sphinx. The map of Mars shows the pyramids in detail, and you can see them in detail thanks to the numerous photographs of orbital scouts. A lot of interesting features of the surface are concealed by the map of Mars, the sphinx is one of the symbols of “aliens” or a race that existed many years ago on the planet. But the study of the application of the map of Mars from a satellite, the pyramids, like other mysteries, appear before us only as unusual features of the relief of the red planet, but not as evidence of disappeared races.

Pyramids, Sphinxes and Face

Some of the images of the surface of Mars taken in the 70s by the Viking orbiter showed that these formations resemble a face. Fans of extraterrestrial life immediately considered this a structure built by thinking life forms, but the inaccurate map of Mars was to blame for everything, the Viking made it in very low quality.

In one of the photographs, the pyramid had almost perfect symmetry. Since the pyramids were located near the "Face on Mars", they gave rise to a huge amount of speculation about their origin. These fascinating theories dissipated much later when higher resolution photographs were taken.

The famous "Face on Mars" in high quality

A detailed map of Mars, satellite photos and other studies have shown that the "Face on Mars" is a hill that has a peculiar shape. Similar geological formations can be found on Earth. They are usually formed by the action of ice or weathering. There are good examples of such formations on Earth, such as the Matterhorn in Switzerland, Mount Thielsen in the USA, and the Canadian Mount Assiniboine.

The past of the planet

With a high probability, this is how the planet looked in the past

Mars is currently dry and cold, but it has been determined that it was once a wet and warm world. Some instruments on the Mars Express probe returned data suggesting that ancient Mars was warm enough to support liquid water on the surface. The probe's instruments detected chemicals formed only in the presence of liquid water. In addition, there are features on the surface, which, according to scientists, were formed as a result of water erosion.

Visualization of the distant past of Mars

A map of Mars in the past clearly shows what the planet might have looked like billions of years ago. Animation by amateur astronomer Kevin Gill, showing us a virtual living Mars that could have existed in its heyday. Such a complete map of Mars was created using data from the laser rangefinder installed on the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft and satellite imagery from NASA's Blue Marble Next Generation project.

Volcano Olympus

This map of Mars with the oceans is not entirely accurate, the sea levels were not set from a scientific point of view, but with the expectation that the liquid would flood most of the Mariner Valley, and also form a coastline in the northern part of the planet, on the outskirts of Mount Olympus.

Flooded Mariner Valley

The clouds are taken directly from the same Blue Marble project and rendered quite randomly, but they still look good. This map of Mars with water deserves another name, such as a map of Mars after colonization or a map of Mars after terraforming, but not fictional images of the planet's distant past.

One day from the past life of the planet

Methane in the atmosphere

Many people think that Mars is a dead world covered in a thin layer of iron oxide. People who thought it was a dead world were shocked when researchers found evidence of methane in the Martian atmosphere.

There are two reasons for the presence of methane in the planet's atmosphere: biological or geological. The possibility of life on the planet, an intriguing but almost impossible reason. What remains is the geological process, i.e. volcanism. A map of Mars from satellites indicates that there are not so many volcanic regions, the largest is the Tharsis plateau, on which the four largest volcanoes are located, including Olympus mons.

Tharsis region, computer model. On the right is the Labyrinth of the Night, three volcanoes in the center - Mount Askriyskaya, Mount Pavlina and Mount Arsia

By the way, a real-time satellite map of Mars allows you to make a virtual trip to this mountain in one click.

Methane is rapidly destroyed in the atmosphere by radiation from the Sun and the solar wind, so the source that provides the methane must be constantly active. Methane is the main component of natural gas on Earth. With a very low accuracy, the map of Mars allows you to see the content of methane in the atmosphere and its presence, therefore, for a more complete study of this gas, the Indian probe Mangalyaan rushes to the planet.

Mangalyaan (Mars Orbiter Mission)

Methane is of interest to astrobiologists because organisms produce most of Earth's methane when they digest nutrients. If microscopic organisms exist, they must be deep under the planet's crust. Purely geological processes such as the oxidation of iron (remember, the planet is covered in iron oxide) also release methane.

Geology

Visual map with symbols

Without plate tectonics, volcanoes on the planet have been erupting for millions of years. A detailed map of Mars reveals these massive eruptions, which explain why the entire surface is covered in basalt, rich in iron. Iron in basalt rocks interacted with the Martian atmosphere and oxidized. Iron oxide explains why the entire surface of Mars is covered in reddish dust.

Past cataclysms

Scientists believe that he was much larger planet early in the history of the solar system. The impact that created the North Polar Basin was powerful enough to knock part of the planet into space, so the planet may have lost some of its mass in the impact, a high resolution map of Mars will help you see the effects of this cataclysm.

Map of the North Pole of the planet

Even the Hubble Space Telescope cannot show us all the details of the mysterious world of the red planet. However, the map of Mars in 3d, from Google, will help you explore the planet in detail. This interactive map of Mars in Russian was created from more than several thousand images taken by artificial probes. Based on data received from the Mars Odyssey, Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and Mars Express of the European Space Agency, a satellite map of Mars was compiled from the Mars Odyssey satellite, the information received was the most relevant.

Mars Odyssey

These spacecraft show us new details of the surface and its structure. A convenient map of Mars with names will help you unravel the mysteries of the red planet without leaving your home. Management is intuitive. By zooming in, you can see the surface in more detail. This detailed map of Mars online is one of the most interactive tools that helps not only amateurs, but also educational organizations to more clearly describe the red planet.

Hypsometric map

Hypsometric maps of both hemispheres of the surface

This detailed hypsometric map of Mars is based on the data and measurements of the laser altimeter, which is installed on the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft (“Mars Global Surveyor”). Heights (up to 10 km) were marked on it in red, and maximum heights(more than 10 km) are painted in pink and white-pink. For negative heights, green and blue were used. This photo relief map of Mars well shows the phenomenon of dichotomy in the structure of the planet's surface, which consists in the fact that its northern part, on average, is slightly lower than the southern one in height. Scientists believe that many billions of years ago, the northern part of the planet, namely its lowlands, was filled with liquid, and a detailed gravitational map of Mars confirms this.

Also transmitted data from the Mars Global Surveyor showed a detailed shape coastline. The most complete map of Mars shows us well the Hellas basin, as well as the Tharsis plateau with four giant extinct volcanoes. This map of Mars, Olympus shows near the edge of Tharsis, and the rest of the Askrian mountains are the top of the three, below are Peacock and Arsia. The map of Mars shows the valleys well, but the Mariner Valley is best seen - a tectonic fault, about 5000 km long. It should be noted that this large map of Mars was compiled by our compatriots according to the data of American interplanetary probes. Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences of the State Astronomical Institute named after P.K. Sternberg, J.F. Rodionova, the map of Mars is her direct brainchild.

Topographic designations

A high-quality, modern map of Mars, along with the new names that were assigned to landforms, according to satellite images, uses both old mythological and geographical names, which were proposed by the Italian astronomer Giovanni Schiaparelli. An accurate NASA map of Mars shows that the largest hill on the planet was named Tharsis, and a large ring depression, a depression in the south, with a diameter of more than 2000 km, was named Hellas (as Greece was called in ancient times). A modern map of Mars, a photo of the surface shows heavily cratered, and various parts of the surface are referred to as: Noah's Land, Prometheus' Land, etc. The valleys are given the names of the planet in various languages ​​of the peoples of the Earth. If you take the Valley of Hrat, then this means “Mars” in Armenian, and the Valley of Maadim in Hebrew. There is also a detailed map of Mars, the labyrinth of the night in which is represented by the latest detailed images.

Mosaic image of the Labyrinth of the Night (Noctis Labyrinthus), image of Mars Express

But as with all rules, there are exceptions - the large Mariner Valley, which was named after the successful photographing of the entire surface by the Mariner 9 spacecraft. Smaller, along the length of the valley, are called the names of the rivers of our planet. For example, Arsia is the name of a classical albedo formation. Aeria - "a distant country beyond the mists" in Greek. The Pearl Bay is named after the Indian subcontinent, where pearls were mined in ancient times.

craters

By the way, any fairly clear map of Mars, in high resolution, shows us that Martian craters are different from the same craters on the Moon or Mercury. The most accurate map of Mars tells us that these craters are shallower and have traces of water and wind erosion.

Holden crater, ESA image

Unlike the Moon and Mercury, where there is no liquid (liquid was present on the red planet millions of years ago), no atmosphere. The largest of the craters: Huygens (its size is about 470 km and a depth of about 4 km), Schiaparelli (its size is 465 km, a depth of 2 km) and Cassini (its size is 411 km.) A 2014 satellite map of Mars indicates that some are very young Martian craters have radial ejections of soil, in those places where the subsurface ice has broken up. It is worth noting that such splashes of soil are often found near those craters that are located in the northern regions of the planet.

Map selection

Geographic map

Finally, we present to your attention a small selection. A large map of Mars undoubtedly deserves the main attention, as physical map Mars is definitely good. This map of Mars high definition from National Geographic is compiled by an authoritative scientific magazine that is popular in many countries of the world, so the National Geographic map of Mars is a great find for anyone who is interested in astronomy.

And do not forget, in order for the National Geographic creation, the map of Mars, to appear before you in the maximum size, you need to save it to your computer. It is quite easy to do this - click on the image with the left mouse button, and when it opens, in full screen mode, right-click on the image and select the menu item “save as” (save as) and save it to a convenient place for viewing.

Amateur astronomers in action

Map by Daniela Machacek

This panoramic map Mars compiled by Czech enthusiast Daniel Machacek. He posted this beautiful result of his work on his blog. Map of Mars, objects indicate all relevant (for 2013), also shows the topography of heights. This map of Mars is quite rich in symbols - Daniel has spent quite a lot of time on a detailed compilation that does not contradict such a "monster" as NASA's map of Mars.

Mars rover Curiosity

Gale crater topography - Curiosity rover landing site, according to Mars Express satellite
Panorama of Mount Sharp taken by Curiosity on Sol 170 (Martian day)

Spacecraft operating in the orbit of the planet

Even the most new map Mars, built from images of the MRO probe - Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter - NASA's multifunctional automatic interplanetary station, is not able to convey all the nuances of the surface with such detail. A complete exploration of Mars, a map of Mars and its detailed characteristics are being refined all the time, and with the introduction of new spacecraft into the orbit of the planet, the data is becoming more detailed. In comparison, the main camera (HiRISE) of the MRO probe is a 30-cm telescope, which gives an image resolution of about 30 centimeters per pixel, from a height of 250 km above the surface.

Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter

A satellite map of Mars, accurate and detailed thanks to many years of work not only by such probes as MRO and Mars Odyssey, but also by the Mars Express probe of the European Space Agency.

Mars Express

A map of Mars from space is actually a cross-linking of data from all spacecraft, which makes it possible that even a large wall map of Mars will look very detailed and accurate. And using modern technology, even a map of Mars is available from home, you can watch online the entire surface of the planet without much effort.

The openness of the data allowed Google to compile a lot of data and get a modern map of Mars, in which the MRO satellite played a key role. This joint program of Google and NASA, a map of Mars, allows you to view using a regular browser, such as Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox. So today it is possible to see a map of Mars for free without making any special efforts to search.

Mars Global Surveyor

Day surface temperature

The surface temperature of the planet ranges from -65 to -120 degrees Celsius. The Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) aboard the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft made this detailed temperature map during a 500 orbital pass over the night side of the red planet.

Night surface temperature

This temperature map of Mars shows the following temperature scale - white is the warmest areas of the planet, and the colder ones are respectively colored red, yellow and green, and the coldest - blue. On this map, the northern hemisphere is summer while the southern is a cold Martian winter. Near the planet's equator, small variations in nighttime temperature are associated with features of the surface material. The cold blue regions of the planet are covered with fine dust particles, while the warm regions are covered with sand and rocks.

Satellite map of the Dominican Republic. Explore the satellite map of the Dominican Republic online in real time. detailed map The Dominican Republic was created on the basis of high-resolution satellite imagery. As close as possible, the satellite map of the Dominican Republic allows you to explore in detail the streets, individual houses and sights of the Dominican Republic. A map of the Dominican Republic from a satellite easily switches to a regular map mode (scheme).

Dominican Republic- an island nation that occupies two-thirds of the area of ​​the island of Haiti. The Dominican Republic is deservedly called one of the best beach destinations. The first European to set foot on these incomparable beaches was Christopher Columbus. Back in 1492, he named this island Hispaniola. Later, reporting to the king about his journey, he noted the extraordinary beauty of the island, which cannot be described in words.

Capital of the Dominican Republic, the city of Santo Domingo, became the first city of the New World. And the state itself, inhabited by almost 8 million good-natured inhabitants, has the most advanced tourist and hotel infrastructure among any other resorts. Caribbean. Santo Domingo has absorbed an unprecedented number of attractions, acquaintance with which will give you unprecedented pleasure.

Every year, the Dominican hotel chain receives millions of travelers from all over the world. Looking at only photos from the resorts of the Dominican Republic, it becomes clear that there is so much excitement in relation to this tourist destination.

Prices for tours to the Dominican Republic are very reasonable and do not shock travelers. According to annual statistics, an increasing number Russian tourists decide on a long flight (11 hours) to this truly heavenly place. According to vacationers, the quality of service in the resorts of the Dominican Republic is very high, and the prices for tours to the Dominican Republic are completely justified. At the same time, a huge part of the hotels operate on an all-inclusive system, providing tourists with additional services that make their vacation even more enjoyable.

If you are going to the Dominican Republic for the first time and want to get by with minimal costs, then feel free to choose the most economical vacation options with a minimum list of services. Even with this approach unforgettable vacation You will be provided with the full program.

Seasonality. Being in the tropical climate zone, The Dominican Republic pleases holidaymakers with eternal summer all year round. Therefore, the tourist season here lasts all year round. The air temperature is almost always constant. In the coolest time, and directly from January to March, the air temperature is kept at around + 28-30 degrees Celsius, and in the hottest time (in August) the temperature reaches + 31 degrees Celsius.

In the periods from May to June, as well as from August to September, rainy seasons pass in the Dominican Republic, but they do not cause inconvenience to vacationers. Firstly, it usually rains on the server of the country, and secondly, they fall 1-2 times a day, most often at night. In the afternoon during the rainy season, as a rule, clear sunny weather reigns, for the sake of which most vacationers come here.

For free observation of the Earth's surface and viewing satellite images online, you can use several applications. In Russia, two of them are the most popular: Google Maps and Yandex Maps. Both services boast good quality satellite imagery in high resolution for most countries.

Yandex maps is an online application from Russian developers, so the cities of Russia are more accurately worked out in it. It has a built-in functionality for viewing traffic congestion data (large settlements), demographic and geodata. Google maps have no less high-quality satellite images of the territory of the Russian Federation, but data on land and traffic are available only for the United States.

Watch a map of Planet Earth from a satellite online

Below you can see the Google map embedded on the site. For more stable operation of the plugin, we recommend using the Google Chrome browser. If you see an error message, then update the specified plugin, then reload the page.

Watch Google Earth from satellite, in real time online:

Another advantage of Google Maps is the presence of a client application for working with satellite images. This means that access to the service can be obtained not only through a browser, but also through a previously downloaded program. It has much more opportunities for viewing and studying satellite images, working with a three-dimensional virtual globe.

Google 3D satellite map (downloadable app, not online version) allows you to:

• use quick search desired objects by name or coordinates;
• take screenshots and record videos High Quality;
• work offline (preliminary synchronization via the Internet is required);
• use a flight simulator for more convenient movement between objects;
• save "favorite places" for quick movement between them;
• view not only the Earth's surface, but also images of other celestial bodies (Mars, the Moon, etc.).

work with satellite google maps through a client application or browser. A plug-in is available on the official page of the program that allows you to use an interactive map on any web resource. It is enough to embed its address in the program code of the site. For display, you can select both the entire surface and a specific area (you will have to enter the coordinates). Management - using a computer mouse and keyboard (ctrl + mouse wheel to zoom, cursor to move) or using the icons indicated on the map ("plus" - zoom in, "minus" - zoom out, move with the cursor).

The Google Earth real-time service allows you to work with several types of maps, each of which reflects certain data on satellite images. It is convenient to switch between them “without losing progress” (the program remembers where you “were”). Available view modes:

• satellite landscape map ( geographic features, features of the Earth's surface);
• physical map (detailed satellite images of the surface, cities, streets, their names);
• schematic geographic map for a more accurate study of surface images.

A satellite image is automatically uploaded at the point of approach, so a stable Internet connection is required to work. To use Google Earth offline, you need to download an application for Windows or another operating system. Its operation also requires the Internet, but only for the first launch, after which the program synchronizes all the necessary data (satellite images of the surface, 3D models of buildings, names of geographical and other objects), after which it will be possible to work with the received data without direct access to the Internet.