What are the highest mountains called? The highest mountains in the world: Seven Peaks

Covered in eternal snow mountain peaks have always attracted people with their grandeur, grandiose beauty and some secret that hides behind their impregnable slopes. Let's look at what is the highest mountain in the world and where is it located. There are peaks on Earth that reach 8 km in height.

The highest mountain in the world is Chomolungma, commonly known in the West as Everest. It is located on the territory of the majestic Himalayas, rightfully called the Roof of the World. This part is high mountain range Mahalangur-Himal, where, in addition to Everest, there are several dozen more picturesque peaks exceeding the mark of 7000 m.

Chomolungma has pyramidal outlines with steep southern and high northern slopes. Translated from the Tibetan language, the name means "Divine mother of the energy of life." Such beautiful name the largest mountain was in honor of the Tibetan goddess Sherab Chzhama, who personifies unconditional and all-consuming maternal love. It was proposed by the explorer Andrew Waugh, who was the successor to J. Everest.

Interesting information about Chomolungma:

1. Height above sea level - 8848 m.
2. The first successful ascent was on March 29, 1953.
3. The number of climbers who managed to conquer the peak is 8306 (some of the climbers climbed more than 1 time).
4. What is the name of the highest mountain in the world in Nepalese - Sagarmatha.
5. The English name Everest was given to the peak in honor of J. Everest, who headed the geodetic department of India, which at that time was under the rule of Britain.
6. Abnormal weather: strong winds often blow at the top of the Chomolungma, the speed of which can reach 200 km / h. The air temperature in the cold season sometimes drops to -60 ºС.
7. The average rise time to the peak is 2 months.
8. The best time for mountain climbing is from mid to late spring and early autumn.

Since ancient times, people have been trying to conquer the most inaccessible peaks of the Earth, which allowed them not only to test themselves for endurance and strength, but also to get closer to the great and boundless space. The majestic Chomolungma is especially popular with climbers.

Every year, about 500 experienced climbers and true braves try to conquer Everest. However, only a few succeed in doing so. The top of the Earth is conquered by few. It is impossible to reach it even by helicopter. Climbers who decide to climb this picturesque peak must undergo lengthy training and have high-quality specialized equipment with them.

Note! Everest in the Himalayas is not only the most beautiful peak in the world, but also one of the most dangerous.

According to official data in 2012, about 260 climbers and extreme sportsmen who tried to conquer this peak did not reach the goal. Their lives were tragically cut short on the slopes of this mountain. Most of the bodies were never found. Despite this, every year many daredevils desperately try to conquer the highest point in the world.

Useful video: the highest mountain in the world

Location

The highest point on our planet is located on the territory of the most famous part of Mahalangur Himal - the Khumbu ridge. In addition to Chomolungma, there are 2 more peaks here, exceeding the mark of 8 thousand meters.

Which country has the largest mountain in the world. Chomolungma is located on the border line between Nepal and Tibet (currently autonomous region PRC).

The highest point in the world is hidden under a layer of ice and snow. To get to it, you will need expensive equipment, which, unfortunately, does not guarantee the success of the ascent.

It is worth noting that at the location of Mount Everest lies part of the Nepalese ecological park Sagarmatha. In Sanskrit, the name means "Divine Mother". Almost the entire territory of the park consists of deep gorges and difficult terrain.

Interesting! A huge number of legends and traditions are associated with Chomolungma. It has long been revered as a place of power.

It is believed that this peak is the abode of the gods. It is also directly related to space. In addition, Everest is the habitat of souls who have not found rest in other world. Some climbers claim to have seen ghosts during their ascent. The fact is that under the thickness of the ice of the Chomolungma, a huge number of bodies of climbers are stored, who never managed to reach the goal. Therefore, Everest is often called the cemetery of the Himalayas.

Peak ranking

Almost everyone knows that the highest point on Earth is Chomolungma. However, few people know which mountains are in second or third place in terms of their height. It is worth noting that other eight-kilometer peaks are no less interesting than Everest.

All the most high mountains located in southern and central Asia. They exceed 7500 m. In total, there are 14 mountains on the planet, towering over 8 thousand meters above the earth's surface.

Useful video: top 10 highest mountains in the world

Conclusion

Summing up, we can say that the highest point and one of the most impregnable peaks in the world is Everest in the Great Himalayas. This majestic peak is located at the intersection of two Asian states - Nepal and Tibet. It has long attracted climbers, explorers, creative people and true romantics.

In contact with

There are many highest peaks on the planet Earth. People conquer them, sing, study with interest where the highest mountains are. One of these places is called Everest - this is the highest mountain in the world, known not only for its height, but also for numerous ascents in attempts to conquer it, hundreds of lost lives and interesting history research. In addition to it, there are 13 more mountains that have exceeded the mark of 8000 meters.

The highest mountains

The list of the largest mountains on the planet Earth includes 117 names. Most of the highest peaks, which are more than 7200 meters, fell into it. Most of them are located in Asia, in the Himalayas - a chain stretching from India to Bhutan. The rating is opened by the highest peak of the earth - Everest. The highest mountains on earth also belong to the Himalayan eight-thousanders: Annapurna, Dhaulagiri, Kanchenjunga, Karakorum, Lhotse, Makalu, Manaslu, Nangaparbat, Chogori. Let's pay attention to those mountains that are located on other continents of the world:

• In the first place - Everest (Chomolungma), 8848 meters. It is located in the central Himalayas.
• The American mountain Aconcagua from Argentina takes the second place and reaches 6961 m.
• Mount McKinley, 6168 m, is located in Alaska.
• Africa's famous Kilimanjaro ranks fourth with its 5891.8 meters.
• Popular with climbers, Elbrus is located on Greater Caucasus. Height - 5642 m. His first conquest in Caucasus mountains dates back to 1829.
• Vinson, whose height is 4897 meters. This is the highest peak in Antarctica.
• Mont Blanc is the largest peak in Europe. Reaches 4810 m.
• Kosciuszko is a mountain that Australia can boast of. Height - 2228 meters.
• Pyramid of Carstens (4884 m). Refers to highest peaks Australia and Oceania.

The highest peak in the world

Any heights on land are usually measured from sea level, which determines which mountains are the highest. Since its position is constantly changing, a constant long-term average is taken as the basis. It does not depend on water fluctuations, tides, ebbs and vapors, therefore it is an accurate mark. The mark above this level is considered vertically from the mountain, the position of which is determined to the average level of the surface. Thus, it was found that the most big dots land reaches almost 9 thousand meters.

What is the name of

The highest mountain in the world is part of the Himalayan mountain belt, located on the Mahalangur-Himal mountain range and is known under the names: Chomolungma, Everest, Sagarmatha, Chomo-Kankar. The first name was given to the mountain by the inhabitants of Tibet. It means Goddess of Peace or Divine Mother. The second name - Everest appeared since 1856. The mountain is named after Sir George Everest, who was the first to conquer it. The European name was preceded by the local name Chomo-Kankar or Queen of the Snow White. Sagarmatha is a Nepalese word which means Mother of the Gods.

Where is

The Himalayas have collected in their chain the highest mountains of the world. This is Everest, which is located on the border of Nepal with the border of China. In Nepal there is a smaller peak, in China - the highest. Everest is the crown of the main ridge of the entire chain. Around the base of the mountain is located national park countries Nepal - Sagarmatha. In the same region is base camp from where you can start climbing. closest locality, where the base for climbers is located, is also located on Nepalese territory. This is the village of Lukla.

What height

There are two highest points on Chomolungma: the southern one, whose peak reaches 8760 meters from sea level, and the northern one, which is the main one, reaching 8848 meters. From the southern slopes and from the eastern side, the mountain is sheer cliffs that aren't even covered in snow. The northern slopes reach 8393 meters. Because of these three sides, Everest has the shape of a triangle. From the ground to its highest point, the mountain stretched up three and a half kilometers.

Climbing history

Although the mountain is severe natural conditions, the temperature exceeds -60 degrees and the strongest wind is constantly blowing, climbers regularly try to conquer Chomolungma, one of the most difficult peaks. The history of ascents began in 1921, but the mountain did not give up right away. The first to reach the top was an Englishman, after whom the mountain bears one of its names. This is dated 1953. Since then, another 4,000 people have climbed. Every year, 400 people storm Chomolungma. Of the total number of climbers, 11% died and continues to die.

The highest peak in the world

Long before Everest became the answer to the question, what is the name of the largest mountain in the world, it was dormant volcano Chimborazo from the mountains of the Ecuadorian Andes. The top of the volcano is at the farthest distance from the center of the Earth. According to the navigation satellite system, with which measurements were made in 2016, the volcano reaches a height of 6384 meters from the center of the Earth. Based on this indicator, Everest loses three meters to him and takes second place. The length of the Himalayan peak is 6381 meters.

Two types of large forms can be found on the surface of the Earth. These are mountains and.

Mountains are very diverse. Most often they form mountainous countries in which peaks can be found - individual mountains that rise noticeably above the general level of a mountainous country (Elbrus on, Chomolungma in the Himalayas, Belukha in Altai). In, the mountains often have a conical shape with a flattened or rocky top. Such mountains are called hills. Mountains of special appearance, formed as a result of prolonged destruction, are called small hills and are found, for example, in Central. It is characterized by randomly scattered hills and small ridges of various shapes, sometimes with slightly pointed peaks and a wide base, with a relative height of 50-100 m. They are separated by wide flat basins, often occupied by lakes, or valleys.

For the relief of mountainous countries are typical mountain ranges- mountain structures stretched over long distances with a well-defined axis in the form of a single watershed line, along which they grouped greatest heights. The mountain range has two slopes, often asymmetrical, often of different steepness. For example, at Ural mountains the eastern slope is steep and the western slope is gentle. This is due to the historical development of the mountainous country. The top part of the ridge is called the mountain ridge. Depending on the age of the rocks, it varies. The top part of the young mountains is most often pointed, while the old ones are rounded or plateau-like. Wide depressions with gentle slopes are called mountain passes. If the mountain range is low, has soft, rounded outlines of peaks, then it is called a mountain range. Usually these are the remains of ancient destroyed mountains, for example, in Russia there is the Timan Ridge, the Yenisei Ridge and others. A poorly dissected mountain uplift with a clearly defined sole, approximately equally elongated in length and width, is called a mountain range (for example, in). The area where two or more mountain ranges intersect is called a mountain junction. Usually the mountains in the mountain junction are high, hard to reach (for example, the mountain junction of Tabyk-Bogdo-Ola in Altai). Mountain ranges, common in origin, located in a certain order (linearly or radially diverging), make up mountain system. Lowered outskirts in such are called foothills. Many mountains in Africa have flat tops and steep or stepped slopes. Such mountains are called table mountains. They arise most often during the dissection of stratified plains by flowing waters, and their tops are formed by solid deposits. The peaks of the mountains constantly covered with snow are called squirrels (), and the bare peaks located above the limits are called chars; they are usually dome-shaped.

Mountains are divided into 3 groups according to their height:

1. low (800 m above sea level): Northern Ural, spurs of the Tien Shan, separate ranges;
2. medium-altitude (up to 2000 m above sea level). They are characterized by smoothed, soft outlines of peaks, gentle slopes (mountains of the Middle). They are covered and do not rise above the snow line. Very rarely, these mountains have pointed peaks, a narrow jagged ridge ( Polar Ural, the mountains );
3. high (more than 2000 m above sea level). Such mountains have steep slopes, their ridges are narrow, jagged. These are the mountains of the Pamir, Tien Shan, Caucasus, Himalayas,.

By origin, mountains can be divided into tectonic and volcanic. Tectonic mountains arose as a result of the movement of the earth's crust. In mobile zones, most often at the edges, as a result of tectonic movements, they are crushed into folds of various sizes and steepness. This is how folded mountains are formed. On land, folded mountains are a rare phenomenon, since when rising above sea level, the folds of rocks lose their plasticity and begin to break apart, give cracks with displacements of folding. Typical mountains of this type have been preserved only in separate areas in the Himalayas (young mountains), which have arisen in alpine folding.

During repeated tectonic movements, when the folds of rocks that have lost their plasticity and hardened are broken into large blocks of the earth's crust, which rise or fall, fold-block mountains arise. This type is typical for old mountains. So, the folded mountains of Altai, which arose in the Caledonian era of mountain building, underwent a second time in the Hercynian and Mesozoic eras. During the Alpine folding, they finally turned into folded-block mountains, like many other mountain structures.

Mountains are characteristic not only for land. Solitary mountains seem to be scattered all over. There are many volcanoes, both active and extinct. Some of them rise above the water surface, forming. Others spew lava under water, ash that settles to the bottom. Extinct ocean volcanoes differ from land volcanoes in that they have flat tops and currents.

There are mountain ranges in the ocean. So, in 1948, Soviet expeditions discovered a 1800 km long water ridge. It was named after the great Russian scientist M.V. Lomonosov. The most important discoveries recent years are mid-ocean ridges. These are swell-like uplifts of the earth's crust. Usually they are located almost in the middle of each ocean, forming a single chain. A fault usually runs along the uplift axis - a gorge up to 3 km deep and up to 50 km wide. At the bottom of the gorge, outpourings occur, hot springs act, and volcanoes erupt on the slope of the ridges. The ridges are dissected by transverse faults, with which volcanism and are associated. Where the tops of the mid-ocean ridges come to the surface, islands form. An example of such an island is. Seamounts often exceed mountains on land.

So, parts of the earth's surface, highly elevated above the plain and strongly dissected, are called mountains.

highest mountain peaks

Mountain

noun, well., use Often

Morphology: (no) what? the mountains, what? grief, (see) what? mountain, how? mountain, about what? about grief; pl. what? the mountains, (no) what? mountains, what? mountains, (see) what? the mountains, how? mountains, about what? about mountains

1. Mountain- this is a large mass of earth, stone, which formed a hill in the process of forming the relief of the earth's surface, rising above the surrounding area by tens, hundreds, sometimes thousands of meters.

Top, foot of the mountain. | Ridge, chain of mountains. | The slopes of the mountain were covered with coniferous forests. | The sun rose from behind the mountains. | We walked down the narrow path down the mountain.

2. mountains called areas in the relief of which hills predominate.

Despite the external severity, the inhabitants of the mountains are very hospitable. | The whole family loved Sunday walks in the mountains. | The resort was located in the mountains.

3. mountain they call an elevation specially constructed from snow, ice, wood, etc., as well as natural gentle slopes used for descent on sleds, skis, etc.

Children ride down the mountains. | In winter, a huge ice mountain was built on the square to entertain the public.

4. mountain they name a lot of objects, things, etc., which are dumped, stacked in a large pile; in colloquial speech.

In the corner lay a mountain of old newspapers. | There were mountains of books everywhere in the vault.

5. If you say you have mountain something, for example, deeds, worries, money, etc., which means very a large number of; in colloquial speech.

I've done a mountain of things. | There was no income from the hotel, and there was a whole mountain of worries.

6. If you have (like) a mountain from the shoulders (fell off) it means that you experienced great relief because some business was successfully completed, a difficult issue, situation, etc., that worried you, was resolved; in colloquial speech.

When her son returned from the army alive and well, she fell like a mountain from her shoulders.

7. If you can, ready, etc. move a mountain (mountains), it means that you feel able to do a lot, even what seems impossible; in colloquial speech.

For the sake of fulfilling his dream, he was ready to move mountains.

8. If any event not far away which means it will happen soon.

Autumn is not far off.

9. If anyone goes uphill, which means that he successfully makes a career, gets richer, becomes an influential person, etc.

His position is still small, but he is still young and quickly going uphill.

10. If someone is walking, rolling, etc. downhill, which means that he loses his former well-being, loses influence, authority.

Having lost all his posts, he quickly rolled downhill.

11. If anyone promises mountains of gold, which means that he promises a lot of all sorts of benefits; in colloquial speech.

When they called me to work here, they promised mountains of gold, and now they don't even pay salaries on time.

12. If you get up like a mountain for someone, something, it means that you stand up for someone or something with all your might, protect someone or something.

He always stood up for his friends.

13. Feast by the mountain they talk about a noisy, cheerful feast with plentiful refreshments; in colloquial speech.

There was a feast in the house: music, laughter, cheerful voices sounded.

mountainous adj.

Mountainous terrain.

mountain adj.

Mountain range.

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language Dmitriev. D.V. Dmitriev. 2003 .

Antonyms:

See what "mountain" is in other dictionaries:

Goral ... Russian word stress

The mythological functions of G. are diverse. G. acts as the most common variant of the transformation of the world tree. T. is often perceived as an image of the world, a model of the universe, which reflects all the main elements and parameters ... ... Encyclopedia of mythology

Female the general name of any earthly elevation, opposite. dol, expanse, valley, log, lowland; (and the plane, the plain, the absence of both). They distinguish the sole or under the mountains, the top or the top, the slope, the side or the eel, but relatively ... ... Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary

Yup, wine. mountain; pl. mountains, dates am; well. 1. Significant elevation rising above the surrounding area. Steep, rocky, wooded Mt. Top, foot of the mountain. Ridge, chain of mountains. Climb up the mountain (up the mountain) The sun went down behind the mountain (over the mountain). ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov

1. MOUNTAIN1, mountains, pl. mountains, mountains, women 1. Significant elevation rising above the surrounding area. || High bank of the river (region). There is a nice little mountain. 2. Elevation, a pile of snow, for sledding from it. Ride with... ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov

1. MOUNTAIN1, mountains, pl. mountains, mountains, women 1. Significant elevation rising above the surrounding area. || High bank of the river (region). There is a nice little mountain. 2. Elevation, a pile of snow, for sledding from it. Ride with... ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov

Vin. n. mountain, Ukrainian mountain, st. glory. mountain ὄρος, mountain ἄνω, Bulgarian. mountain forest, serbohorv. mountain, vin. n. mountain, sloven. gora, Czech. hora, Polish. gora, in. puddles hora, n. puddles gora. Related to other Prussian. garian cf. R. tree, lit. girià, dial. gìrė̂… … Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language by Max Fasmer

Elevation, eminence, hillock, hillock, vzlobok, hillock, mound, hill, volcano, heights, plateau, foothills. Top, foot, foot of the mountain. Ridge (ridge, ridge, chain) mountains. See upland. mountains, beyond the mountains, go uphill, not far away, ... ... Synonym dictionary

The names of the highest mountains in the world have different names, but at the same time they can be called briefly - Seven Peaks - this is a term that appeared in 1985 at the suggestion of Richard Bass (the man who first conquered all seven peaks) and united the seven highest peaks on each continent. This association is not equal to the ranking of the highest mountains in the world, most of which are located in Nepal. This list is made up of mountains, each of which is the highest on its continent.

highest peak North America located in Alaska and is the center of the Denali National Park. The top of Mount McKinley is 6194 meters from the ground. This mountain is the third in the world in terms of topographic position, it was overtaken only by Everest and Aconcagua. And if you take into account the ratio of the base to the peak, then McKinley is the highest mountain in the world. The mountain got its name in honor of the American president, and the Indian name - Denali - means "great."

Being part of the Andes and having a height of 6959 meters, Mount Aconcagua is considered the most high peak South America. The mountain is located in the Argentine province of Mendoza and is 15 km away from the border with Chile. The name of the mountain comes from the words in the language of the Quechua people "stone guard".

Europe - Mount Elbrus (Russia)

Elbrus is an inactive volcano with a height of 5642 meters, which is located in the Caucasus Mountains on the border of Russia and Georgia.

Elbrus has several other names, the most romantic of which, translated from Adyghe and Kabardino-Circassian, means "a mountain that brings happiness."

Asia - Mount Everest (Nepal/China)

The highest mountain in the world, Everest, is located exactly on the border of Nepal and China. Everest is part of the Himalayas, the highest mountain range in the world. It is here that the highest mountains in the world are located. The height of Everest is 8848 meters. Everest attracts all the climbers of the world and this is understandable. Technically the routes of Everest are not very difficult, but added to them are problems such as altitude sickness, strong winds and disgusting weather. The name Everest is English - in honor of the head of the geodetic service, who first told the European community about this peak. The mountain has the Tibetan name Chomolungma (divine mother of life) and the equivalent Nepalese Sagarmatha (mother of the gods).

The highest mountain on the African continent is an extinct volcano, the highest point of which is 5895 meters from sea level. Moreover, Kilimanjaro has three peaks, two of which are extinct, and the third may well wake up. Kilimanjaro erupted 360,000 years ago, but volcanic activity at Kibo Peak (the highest of the three) was seen 200 years ago, suggesting the volcano is potentially active. In Swahili, the name Kilimanjaro means "sparkling mountain".

The highest point of Oceania is also the highest mountain in the world, which is located on the island. Puncak Jaya is located in the west of the island. New Guinea. Puncak Jaya, also known simply as Jaya or Karstensza Pyramid, is 4884 meters high. The name of the mountain in Indonesian means "mountain of victory".

Antarctica - Mount Vinson

The seventh highest mountain in the world got its name in honor of Carl Vinson, an American eminent politician. The Vinson Mountain Range is part of the Ellsworth Mountains and has highest point, remote from sea level at 4892 meters.

Seven mountains, each of which is unique in its origin and beauty, attract climbers from all over the world. The climbers who have conquered the Seven Peaks are united in an informal community.