The main mountain systems passing through the territory of Poland are the Carpathians and the Sudetenland. In addition, Poland also has the low Świętokrzyskie Mountains. The mountains in Poland are located in the southern part of the country: the Sudetenland in the west and the Carpathians in the east. Between them is the Moravian Gate Pass, which for a long time ran a trade route from Northern to Southern Europe.

The Carpathians stretch along the border of Poland and Slovakia, and the Sudetes stretch along the border of Poland and the Czech Republic. The highest point in the Polish Carpathians is Rysy (2499 m), a mountain peak in High Tatras. The most high point in the Sudetes - Mount Snezhka (1603 m).

Physical-geographical zoning distinguishes the Western, Eastern and Southern Carpathians. The Polish Carpathians almost completely belong to the Western Carpathians and only partially, on the border with Ukraine, to the Eastern Carpathians. The Western Carpathians in Poland are divided into Tatras and Beskids. The Tatras stand out sharply among other Carpathian mountain ranges with alpine relief and height. The Polish state border with Slovakia runs along their main ridge. The highest mark of the Polish Tatras is the Rysy peak (2499 m), and most of the other peaks have marks of 1700-2300 m. At the northern foot of the Tatras, in the intermountain basin, there is the resort of Zakopane. The Beskids are called the mountain ranges of the Western Carpathians, located to the west, north and east of the Tatras. The Beskids are divided into Beskid Vysoki (Babia Gora - 1725 m), Beskyd Zywiecki (Pilsko - 1557 m), Beskyd Szlenski (Skrzychne - 1257 m), Beskyd Makovsky, Vyspovy and Malay, Gorce massif (Turbach - 1311 m), Pieniny (Three Crowns - 982 m), Beskid Sondecki (Radzeeva - 1262 m) and Beskyd Niski (Lyatskova - 997 m). In the extreme south-east of Poland, near the borders with Ukraine and Slovakia, there are Beshchady (Tarnitsa - 1348 m), which geographically belong to the Eastern Carpathians.

In southwestern Poland, along state border with the Czech Republic are the Sudetenland. The highest Sudeten ridge is Karkonosze (Sniezka - 1603 m). Physical-geographical zoning distinguishes the Western, Central and Eastern Sudetes. In the Western Sudetes, in addition to the Karkonosze ridge, there are the Izersky Mountains and the Kachavsky Mountains. A number of ridges and massifs are distinguished on a large territory of the Central Sudetenland - in their western part Kamenny Gory, Walbrzyska and Sucha, in the north of the Klodzkoy basin, the mountains of Ow, the Bardskie Mountains, the Bystrzhiskie and Zlote Mountains, and the mountains of Stolovye, Orlicke, Bystrzycke, Bialsk surround the Klodzkoy basin . Even further to the east are the Eastern Sudetenland with the mountain ranges of the Opava Mountains, the Zoloti Gory and the Snezhnik Massif. Characteristic ancient Sudetes - the predominance of smooth slopes and the presence of very large intermountain basins - Elenegurskaya at the foot of the Karkonosze ridge and Klodzkoy in the Eastern Sudetes.

The mountain system of Europe is attractive for numerous tourists coming here from all over the world. After all, a vacation spent in the mountains is one of the most correct decisions for organizing an excellent full-fledged vacation both in summer and in winter. What could be more beautiful than amazing mountain landscapes combined with amazingly clean air!

This article briefly presents the mountains in the Czech Republic and Poland, Slovakia and Germany. Let's start with Poland.

General information about the mountain systems of Poland

The main mountain systems passing through the territory of Poland are the Carpathians and the Sudetenland. Also on the territory of this country are low Sventokrzyskie rocks. In general, the mountains in Poland stretch in the south of the country: the Sudetenland in the western territory, the Carpathians in the east. Here is the famous pass called the Moravian Gates, through which in ancient times the Great Trade Route ran from Northern Europe to Southern Europe.

The Carpathians stretch along the borders of Poland with the state of Slovakia, and the Sudetenland - along the borders with the Czech Republic. The highest point of the Polish Carpathians, located at an altitude of 2499 meters, is the top of Rysy. This mountain peak is located in the High Tatras (the highest in Eastern Europe). In the Sudetes, the highest point is the peak of Snezhka (height - 1603 meters).

Now let's take a closer look at the largest mountains.

Carpathians

Mountains in Poland and Slovakia (Carpathians) according to their physical and geographical position are divided into Southern, Western and Eastern. The Polish Carpathians almost completely belong to the Western Carpathians and only partially occupy the Eastern ones on the Ukrainian border.

In turn, the Western Carpathians on the Polish territory are divided into the Beskids and Tatras, and the latter stand out among other Carpathian mountain ranges with a beautiful alpine-shaped relief and a powerful height. The border of the Polish state with Slovakia runs along the main ridge of the Tatras. Compared to the highest point of Rysa, most of the other peaks reach marks from 1700 to 2300 meters.

At the northernmost foot of the Tatras, on the site of an intermountain basin, there is a wonderful resort of Zakopane.

The Beskids are the western mountain ranges of the Carpathians in Poland. For example, Beskid Zywiecki (1557 meters), Beskid Vysoki (1725 meters), Bekid Szlenski (1257 m) and others. They are located north, east and west of the Tatras.

On the very edge of Poland (southeast), near the borders with Ukraine and Slovakia, Beshchady stands out (the highest point is 1348 meters), geographically related to the Eastern Carpathians.

All mountains in Poland are very beautiful.

Sudetenland

The western mountains that stretch along Poland's border with the Czech Republic are the Sudetenland. Their highest ridge is Karkonosze (1603 meters - Snezka). As in the case of the Carpathians, geographic zoning divides the Sudetenland into 3 parts: Central, Western and Eastern. Feature ancient Sudetes - the presence of large intermountain basins and smooth outlines of the slopes of most of the mountains.

Thanks to this uniqueness of the territory of Poland with numerous mountain ranges, this country attracts lovers of skiing and hiking.

Tourists going to the mountains in Poland for skiing or in hiking, have the advantage of choosing a wide variety of options to your liking.

Mountains of the Czech Republic and Slovakia

And Slovakia is also mostly represented. In the western parts they are heavily destroyed and look like the mountains of Germany (medium altitude), not exceeding 1500 meters. And to the east stretches the mountain arc of the Carpathians, but much larger in height and younger in age. However, it, composed of sedimentary rocks, has rounded peaks and gentle slopes.

Only in some places where there is an outcrop of crystalline basement rocks, mountain ranges have sharper peaks and rather sheer cliffs.

Mountains of Germany

Not only the mountains in Poland, but also the slopes of Germany attract tourists.

In these places, the mountain system is very interesting due to the presence of several large mountain ranges with wonderful nature and interesting climbs for tourists. The most extensive mountains - the Bavarian Alps, are located in the south of the country and border on Austria. The highest point is the Zügspitz (over 3000 meters). And the rest of the peaks have heights of at least 2000 meters. And many of them are covered with snow.

Southeast of the country, where dense forests and a huge number of mineral springs, is the peak of the Black Forest.

Near the regions of Saxony, a large mountain range, the Hercynian Mountains, extends. They are very popular with travelers, especially for visiting them in summer.

Holidays in the mountains of Poland

Indelible impressions are left by the mountains of Poland, enchanting with their unique beauty. At their feet are beautiful places recreation.

Some of the most attractive resorts are:

• The largest in Poland tourist centre Zakopane (Tatras). There is a climatological station here, a base for visitors to the magnificent National Park, a modern cable car to Gubałówka and a funicular to Kasprowy Wierch, a large number of lifts for skiers, springboards, skating rink, slalom track, skating track. There is also an opportunity for cultural enlightenment: a museum and architectural monuments.
• Well-known resort and skiing center Bukovina Tatrzantska.
• The resort and recreational area is Szczawnica, which is very popular among lovers of rafting on the Dunajtsu River. Here is the starting point for wonderful excursions to the Pieniny (mountain range).
• big sports tourist resort with numerous lifts for skiers, with ski jumps, a cable car to the Malaya Kopa mountain (altitude 1325 m), with a climatological station, a museum of tourism and sports. There is also an old church (XVIII century), transferred to these places from Norway.

Conclusion

Mountains in the Czech Republic, Poland, Germany, Slovakia are magnificent with their wonderful natural landscapes. Moreover, the mountains are all somewhat similar, and at the same time, each has its own characteristics and charm.

All these countries are famous for their numerous ski resorts, where tourists come from all over the world. These places provide opportunities for winter sports and just spending a romantic holiday among the magnificent nature with amazingly clean mountain air in winter and summer.

If you are fond of mountain hiking and you have a question about where you can go for high-altitude walks, a trip to Poland would be a great option. Poland, especially southern part, famous for its beautiful mountains. There are also the mysterious Sudetes and the grassy Beskids, but the Poles are especially proud of such mountain system like the Tatras - their highest peaks reach as much as two and a half kilometers up.

The beauty of the Polish Tatras (Tatry)

a photo: www.zbyszko-zakopane.polturizm.ru

In addition to being an incredible monument of nature, the Tatras also have over 300 kilometers of trails for hikers, organized by level of difficulty. There are paths for walking, for views, and also alpine. All trails pass through the Tatra National mountain park created by nature itself. In the Tatras there is also a large, incredibly beautiful lake Morskie Oko. The Wall Street Journal included this lake one of the five most beautiful in the world, so it is really worth seeing while traveling to the Tatras.

Zakopane - the best ski resort in Poland

Zakopane is located in the very south of Poland, right at the foot of the Tatra Mountains. It is considered the famous capital of winter sports - competitions are held here every year, and once the city even claimed to host the Olympic Games. A significant part of the Tatra Park is located just on the territory of Zakopane. Many tourists come here to ski and have a good time. There are not only many ski paths for thrill-seekers, but also available ski lifts, walks on footpaths. The so-called Goral culture is also widespread here - folklore with elements of Polish, Carpathian, Hungarian, Slovak cultures. The “Mountain Song Festival”, which takes place annually, is the best event to get acquainted with Goral songs, dances and learn new ones. Interesting Facts about this culture. Everyone can find in Zakopane a hobby for the soul. In addition, Zakopane receives guests not only in winter, but all year round - in summer, crowds of tourists also come here.

Chocholowska Valley in Poland (Dolina chochołowska)

At any time of the year, this valley is striking in its beauty. It is very popular among those who enjoy hiking. In this valley, paths begin leading to some Tatra peaks - Rakon, Yastrebiny Verkh, Volovets. From the peaks, a gorgeous panoramic view of the Slovak part of the Tatras opens up.

Dolina Koscielska (Dolina Kościeliska)

photo: tropster.pl

This valley is considered the most picturesque in the Tatras. Above it, the sharp peak of Blishch rises into the sky. Along the sides are the entrances to the Mroznaya and Mylnaya caves. In these caves, the tourist can admire rock paintings ancient ancestors. Staying in the caves will not leave anyone indifferent, although there are very narrow roads where you need to bend down and crawl on all fours.

Orlya Pepper (O rla Perc )

a photo: www.bukowina-tatrzanska-noclegi.pl

This is the longest and most difficult road in the Tatras, its length is five kilometers. It was laid back in 1903 by priest Valentin Gadovsky, who built one of the first mountain routes in all of Europe with special equipment - ropes, ladders, hooks. It is called the "iron road". To complete this route, you need to have some acrobatic skills and a lot of courage. According to statistics, this is one of the most dangerous paths in Poland, however, if you are an experienced mountain hiker and cannot live without risk, this route will suit you.

Valley of the Five Lakes (Dolina dolina pięciu stawow )

a photo: www.ostarbeiter.vn.ua

This valley is surrounded by granite rocks, and at its bottom five lakes sparkle with their beauty, which are recommended to be viewed from above for completeness of impressions. Big Lake, one of them, has the status of the deepest reservoir in the Tatras. A stream flows from the Great Lake, forming an incredibly beautiful waterfalls with non-standard names: Mitskevich's Vodogzhmoty, Siklava. Also from this valley, tourists usually begin to climb the Rysy mountain peak. In the Valley of the Five Lakes there are also shelters for mountain tourists, where they can get food and spend the night.

Mysterious Sudetes Mountains in Pol she (Sudety)

a photo: www.sudety.agro.pl

The Sudetes are not inferior to the Tatras in beauty and also have a number of breathtaking places. The highest peak of the mountains is Snezhka, about a kilometer six hundred meters high, and many mountain roads. The mountains are famous for their stone labyrinths, where one can meet the Sudeten Spirit of the Mountains, a character from legendary stories. Also in these mountains you can find precious rare stones. Through the Sudetes lies the so-called European Route, which stretches for several thousand kilometers - from the coast Atlantic Ocean to the Ukrainian Black Sea. The Sudetes mountain ranges have names that really fascinate and encourage you to visit the mountains - Eagle, Table, Owl, Golden.

Mountain in Poland where three seas meet

Sněžka, the highest massif of the Sudetenland, is located on the Polish-Czech border and is perfect place to admire the incredible scenery. There are ups and downs, and ski slopes. It is interesting that there are sources of streams flowing into the largest rivers in Europe - the Danube, Elbe and Odra. And then they reach three seas - Black, Baltic and North.

Bieszczady - welcoming grassy mountains

The name "Bieszczady" can be a little tricky for those who don't speak Polish, which is why there is an alternative name for the mountains - Beskydy. They are known for their grassy meadows, dense forest thickets, friendly villages, which are located mainly in mountain valleys. In such villages there are wooden houses, churches, churches. In the Beskids you can spend time cheerfully and profitably - ride horses, enjoy breathtaking views, sing songs by the fire, eating trout.

There are more than one hundred and twenty kilometers of paths for tourists in the Beskid National Park. The nature there is really flawless. Tourists are advised to take a walk along the route that runs along the borders of Poland with Slovakia and Ukraine. Walking along it, you can admire the most beautiful panoramas. It is impossible not to mention also Lake Solina, which locals called the "Beskid Sea". On its shores there are many beaches, where a large number of tourists come every year. This is famous place for sailing competitions.

In autumn, a whole natural theater begins in the Beskydy. Beeches seem to be on fire, coloring their leaves in different shades of fiery colors - golden, orange, scarlet. If someone had the opportunity to see this spectacle with his own eyes, he will definitely want to return to the autumn paradise of the Beskid.

Ustrzyki Dolne - the winter capital of the Carpathians

In Bieszczady, right at the Ukrainian-Polish border, there is the resort town of Ustrzyki Dolne. There are many tracks for winter sports, for which the city is called the "winter capital of the Carpathians." There are two mountains - Lavorta and Gromadzin, on which are located ski resorts with great infrastructure for tourists. In addition, the resort is great for camping, fishing, hang gliding, cycling and nature exploration. In this place, the natural beauty of nature and an infinite number of various services for tourists are skillfully combined, and it is also very close to Ukraine, so vacationers should turn their attention to Ustrzyki Dolna.

The Tatras are a mountain range in the Carpathians. The time of origin of this name is lost in ancient times. Probably from the Proto-Slavic tartr - rock, stone or Thracian tertre - hill, hillock, mound.
Tatras - the highest of the Carpathian ranges, it stretches along the border of Poland and Slovakia for tens of kilometers. The highest peak of the Tatras is the Slovak mountain Gerlakhovski Shtit, rising to a height of more than 2.5 km.
Three regions are distinguished within the Tatras: the High Tatras (with a conditional border along the Ticha gorges in Slovakia and Dry Water in Poland), the Western Tatras and the Velsk Tatras.
The High Tatras are the northernmost and highest part of the mountain range. Carpathian mountains. History and kings decided that most of the mountains were within the borders of Slovakia. They stand apart, lack foothills and rise like a wall above the plain cut by the Orava, Dunajec and Poprad rivers. The High Tatras are the center of all. The peaks of the High Tatras do not reach the glacier line, but in some of the most shaded places the snow stays for a whole year.
The Low Tatras are a stretched out mountain range, with rounded peaks, strongly dissected into separate spurs by limestone slopes. Located in the central part of Slovakia. Here, despite the relatively low altitude of the Low Tatras, there is always a lot of snow on the slopes of the mountains.
The Tatras were formed as a result of movements of the earth's crust in the Paleogene, about 50 million years ago. Modern look The mountains were given the activity of glaciers in the Quaternary, when rocky peaks (Gerlachowski Stit, Lomnicki Stit) and deep glacial valleys (Mengusovska Dolina, Velka and Mala Studena Dolina) arose.
The Tatras are composed mainly of granite, gneiss and limestone.
These mountains are characterized by alpine relief with traces of ancient glaciation (kars, circuses, mountain lakes), deep gorges, steep slopes, cornices and edges. Large karst caves have formed in limestone strata, pierced by water flows and subject to wind erosion. The Velka Snezna cave system in Poland is the longest (about 18 km) and the deepest (up to 814 m).
In the Tatras there are many turbulent mountain rivers with high waterfalls adjacent to quiet mountain lakes like Morske Oko (Eyes of the Sea) - small but deep lakes located on the tops of mountains and rocks.
The vegetation is typical for the mid-altitude Eastern European mountains: up to a height of 1250 m, forests of European fir, beech, larch and birch predominate, up to 1500 m - a zone of coniferous forests, represented by cedar and mountain pine, up to 1900 m - crooked forests, above - alpine meadows.
Typical inhabitants of the forests on the slopes of the Tatras are the protected Alpine marmot, the endemic Tatra chamois, the golden eagle, the eagle owl, the red-winged wall climber, the brown bear, the lynx, and the badger.
The Tatras are surrounded by large industrial areas, and in the mountains themselves there are many resorts and tourist routes. In order to preserve the nature of the mountains, the Tatra Mountains were created in Poland. national park, and in Slovakia - the Tatra National Park. They adjoin each other and form a single protected natural area, which in 1993 received the status of a UNESCO biosphere reserve.
On the territory of the Tatra national park are the highest Mountain peak Poland - Rysy, about 650 karst caves, 30 mountain lakes and the 70-meter Velka-Siklava waterfall.
The Tatras remain the natural boundary between Polynia and Slovakia, but nature reserves and the national parks of the two countries are common, like the whole natural complex mountains
"Giving health" - this is how the Tatras are called in both countries where they are located: large mountain-skiing resorts of world importance are located here.
The first inhabitants of the Tatras were shepherds. Even today, mountain meadows in the Tatras are used as pastures for cattle and sheep.
In the XVIII-XIX centuries. forests in the Tatras were cut down everywhere to make way for pastures and housing. The restoration of the forest cover is going on with great difficulty.
Industry is practically non-existent, mining is also almost non-existent, and many copper and gold deposits have been exhausted over centuries of mining.
The economy in the region of the High and Low Tatras depends entirely on the occupancy of the mountain-climatic resorts.
Therefore, local residents monitor the level of snow and its structure, as they say here, "like their own pulse."
Here is the realm of the Alpine climate, the weather is extremely changeable, there are significant fluctuations in air temperature, heavy cloudiness. Snow cover (up to 3 m high in March) persists until May-June, and in some places lies all year long. It is not safe in the mountains: snow avalanches often come down.
Another misfortune is the strongest wind. In 2004, in the southern part of the High Tatras, a strong storm destroyed 3 million m3 of forest, and the subsequent fires worsened the situation.
Winter in the High Tatras is the skiing season. In the south of the ridge there are several Slovak ski resorts- Strbske Pleso, Stary Smokovec and Tatranska Lomnica, united by the Tatra Railway, as well as the large Polish resort of Zakopane. All - with cable cars, lifts, ski and toboggan runs.
Strbske Pleso stands on the shore of the mountain lake of the same name at an altitude of 1355 m, here is the most mountain resort Slovakia. Old Smokovec is the oldest in Slovakia, with its Grand Hotel opened in 1904 at an altitude of 1017 m.
Tatranska Lomnica is located at an altitude of 847 m. Zakopane is the highest city in Poland, it is located at an altitude of 830 m and is nicknamed the Winter Capital of Poland.
A significant income is brought to Slovakia and Poland by a network of prepared mountain tourist trails designed to climb two-kilometer peaks and visit gorges and waterfalls.
Sanatoriums have been built on the slopes of the mountains, using the healing properties of the high-altitude Tatra climate - cold and dry - helping in the treatment of diseases of the upper respiratory tract.
In the Low Tatras is the Slovak Jasna - ski center throughout Eastern Europe under the northern slopes of the two-kilometer Mount Chopok.
Unlike the High and Low Tatras, the Belianske Tatras, where rare edelweiss grows and the rarest variety of chamois - the Tatra (there are only about 850 individuals), are closed to tourists. For them, only a passage was left to the karst Belyanskaya cave.
In the High Tatras are historical cities known since the early Middle Ages.
The Slovak city of Kežmarok appeared in the 13th century. as a result of the merger of the settlements of Slavic fishermen, German miners and royal border guards. In the Middle Ages, Kežmarok was a rich trade and crafts town. In 1950 it was declared an architectural reserve.
The first written mention of the Slovak cities of Spisska Sobota and Poprad dates back to 1256. The city-reserve Spisska Sobota received city privileges as early as 1271. Since 1412, the whole city went to Poland as a “pledge” for as much as 360 years.
Most Big city in the Tatras - Slovak Poprad with a population of over 50 thousand people.

general information

Location: Eastern Europe.
Geographic areas: Western Tatras (the highest peak - Mount Bistra), High Tatras (mountain Gerlachovski-Shtit) and Velsk Tatras (mountain Havran).
Administrative affiliation: and .
Cities: Poprad (Slovakia) - 52,316 people (2014), Zakopane (Poland) - 27,556 people. (2014), Kezmarok (Slovakia) - 16,636 people. (2014), Spisska Sobota (Slovakia) - 2807 people. (2015).
Languages: Polish, Slovak.
Ethnic composition: Poles, Slovaks, Romanians, Czechs, Hungarians, Germans, Rusyns, Ukrainians.
Religions: Catholicism, Protestantism, Orthodoxy.
Monetary units: Polish zloty, euro (Slovakia).
Rivers: Vyala Voda, Rybi Potok, Czarny Dunajec, Roztoka, Orava, Poprad.
Lakes: Morske Oko, Velky Stav.
The airport : international Airport Poprad-Tatry (Slovakia).

Numbers

Area: 785 km 2 (Slovakia - 610 km 2, or 77.7%; Poland - 75 km 2, or 22.3%).
Length: about 65 km.
Geological age: about 50 Ma.
highest point: mountain Gerlakhovski-Shtit (Slovakia, 2655 m).
Other peaks: mountains Rysy (Poland, 2499 m), Bistra (Slovakia, 2248 m), Havran (Slovakia, 2152 m), Kasprowy Wierch (Polish-Slovak border, 1987 m).

Climate and weather

Alpine - in the mountains, humid continental - in the valleys.
Average January temperature (in valleys): -5°C.
Average temperature in July (in the valleys): +16°С.
Average annual rainfall: about 570 mm.
Relative humidity: 70%.

Economy

Minerals: copper, gold, mineral springs.
Mountain climatic resorts: Zakopane (Poland), Strbske Pleso, Tatranska Lomnica, Stary Smokovec, Gorny Smokovec, Novy Smokovec, Dolny Smokovec, Jasna, Tale and Donovaly (Slovakia).
Forestry.
Agriculture: animal husbandry (mountain pasture, cattle).
traditional crafts: products made of wood and stone.
Service sector: tourism, transport, trade.

Attractions

■ Natural: traces of ancient glaciation (cars, cirques, mountain lakes), karst caves Velka-Snezhna, Demenovskaya, Belianska and Alabastrova, Tatra National Park (Poland, 1954), Tatra National Park (Slovakia, 1949), Morskie mountain lakes - Oko, Belki Stav and Skalnoe, Velka-Siklava and Mickiewicz waterfalls, Dry Water Valley, Bialka, Kosceliska and Chocholovska gorges, Mengusovska, Belka and Mala Studen valleys, Lomnitsky saddle, Lomnitsky shield, Tatra basin.
■ Kežmarok (Slovakia): Kežmar Castle (first half of the 15th century), redoubts, the Basilica of the Holy Cross, the town hall (1491), the church of St. Mary (1717).
■ Spisska Sobota (Slovakia): Church of St. Juraj (mid-XIII century), Market Square, Renaissance bell tower (1598), town hall, residential buildings (XVI-XVII centuries).
■ Zakopane (Poland): Titus Halubinsky Tatra Museum (1889).
■ Other: ethnographic village Zdiar (Slovakia), meteorological observatory (Lomnicki Shtit, 2632 m).

Curious facts

■ Mount Rysy is located on the Polish-Slovak border, it has three peaks, the highest - the middle one - is located on the territory of Slovakia (2503 m), and the northern one is the highest point in Poland (2499 m).
■ During hibernation, the alpine marmot wakes up every two weeks for about 24 hours. During the day, he manages to warm up to 37 °, put himself in order, clean the floor of the mink from droppings and go to bed again. Somehow, all the groundhogs in the burrow wake up at the same time, which allows the animals to minimize their energy expenditure.
■ The largest single karst cave Tatr - Belianska - is located in Slovakia: length - 3641 m, elevation - 160 m (overcome by 866 steps). This is the only open cave in the High Tatras. People have lived in it since prehistoric time.
■ The highest meteorological observatory in the Carpathians - Lomnicky-Štit, located in the Slovak part of the Tatras on the peak of the same name with a height of 2632 m. . In addition to the Lomnicki-Shtit observatory, only four observatories in the world systematically observe the spectral lines of the solar corona.
■ In 1412, when the Tatra part of present-day Slovakia belonged to Hungary, 13 local cities, including the historical Spisska Sobota, were transferred by Hungary to Poland as collateral for a large cash loan. The loan was not returned, and these lands became part of Poland for more than three centuries. They came back only as a result of the first partition of Poland.
■ Not far from the Slovak city of Poprad is the airport Poprad-Tatry - the highest in Europe: 718 m above sea level.
■ Zakopane is not only a mountain climatic resort, but also a “city of museums”: here are the Tatra Museum, the Stanisław Witkiewicz Museum of the Zakopane Style, the Kornely Makushinsky Museum, the Jan Kasprowicz Museum, and the Museum of Nature of the Tatra National Park.
■ Title the highest peak The Tatras - Gerlachovski-Shtit - comes from the town of Gerlachov at its foot, "shtit" in translation from the Slovak language - "shield", "peak", "top". From 1949 to 1959, the mountain was called Stalin's Shtit (Stalin's Peak) in gratitude for the liberation of Czechoslovakia from the German Nazis.
■ The absolute minimum temperature in the Tatras was recorded on the top of Kasprowy Wierch (Polish-Slovak border, 1987 m) in 1929 (-39.5°C).

So, first of all, let's learn that in Poland there are three mountain range: Carpathians, Sudetes and Sventokryshsky mountains, everything else is just a variety of these three.

The Carpathian Mountains in Poland are divided by the Lupkow Pass (Przełęcza Łupkowska) into Western and Eastern (Zachodnie i Wschodnie).

Part of the Western Carpathians are actually the most popular Tatras (Tatry), as well as Podhale (Podhale), Pieniny (Pieniny) and Beskydy (Beskidy). A small part of the Eastern Carpathians in Poland is called Beszczady. The Tatras and Pieniny are a common treasure for Poland and Slovakia, no one dares to say where they are more beautiful, and is it necessary to compare?

In the south-west of the country, the Sudety (Sudety) with its main massif - Karkonosze (Karkonosze). The Sudetes, besides Poland, also occupy the territory in the north of the Czech Republic, and even a little in Germany, but the highest point of the massif - Mount Sniezka (Śnieżka) rises at an altitude of 1602 m in Poland.

Cztery pory roku w Tatrach Timelapse (4 seasons in Tatra Mountains)

The smallest Polish mountains are the Sventokryshsky (Gory Świętokrzyskie), which even gave the name to the whole voivodship. Interestingly, the mountains got their name from a religious relic, which is kept in one of the monasteries in this area.

Bieszczady - Cztery Pory Roku

The highest point in Poland is located in the Tatras and is called Rysy - 2499 m above sea level.

All videos used in the material are taken from YouTube.