Seven natural wonders of Transbaikalia. Cedar is our gold
There is no HTML version of the work yet.
Similar Documents
a brief description of seven wonders of Russia: Lake Baikal, Palace Ensemble in Peterhof (St. Petersburg), Valley of Geysers (Kamchatka Territory), Natural Monument Weathering Pillars (Komi Republic), St. Basil's Cathedral, Mamaev Kurgan and Mount Elbrus.
presentation, added 01/16/2014
Geographical position Trans-Baikal Territory. Nature, relief, fauna. Flora of the reserve "Dauria". The Argun River in the Argun region. Chita district, Golets Alkhanay. Sand massif Charsky Sands. Representatives flora in the Sokhondinsky Reserve.
abstract, added 11/22/2014
The process of formation of karst cavities in the mountains, turning them into large caves. Chatyr-Dag is the richest place in Crimea with caves. marble cave, caves Emine-Bair-Khosar, Kizil-Koba, their characteristics and tourist routes, the "mystery" of the caves.
abstract, added 04/19/2010
The historical roots of the emergence of family crafts and crafts. The main elements and semantic nature of the ornament (painting, carving, costume). Its role in the culture of family Transbaikalia. Factors influencing the creation of ornamental motifs of a given ethnic group.
thesis, added 08/21/2011
Stages of research by scientists mountain system Crimea, its specificity and history of formation. Concept " sacred mountain"and its obligatory distinguishing features, traditions of veneration among believers of various religious denominations. Modern conservation of Crimea.
abstract, added 04/19/2010
Shulgan-Tash cave as an object of worship. The study of the cave, its scientific and cultural significance. The unique speleological object of the Urals, traces of the habitation of ancient people. Wall painting as a unique cultural phenomenon, a tour of the cave, its protection.
term paper, added 11/05/2009
Skelskaya stalactite cave. Ai-Petri, beech grove. Stalactite cave - Danilcha grotto. Crimean state reserve and hunting economy. Yew grove on Mount Tyrka. Yalta State Mountain and Forest Reserve. Mountain range Karadag.
abstract, added 11/16/2008
Diversity natural monuments Urals, their uniqueness and significance for Russia. The importance of natural monuments in scientific, ecological, cultural and aesthetic terms. Examples of monuments demonstrating the beauty and wealth of the region: Iremel and Muldakkul.
report, added 03/19/2013
Monuments of cultural and historical heritage of the Selenginsky district. Active tourist routes. Foundation of the Iroysky datsan. Chapel of George the Victorious. Monument to fellow countrymen who died on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. Temnikovskaya cave.
article, added 05/08/2015
History of Nizhny Tagil. Cheerful mountains as a corner of the mountain taiga of the Middle Urals. Chernoistochinsky pond as a decoration of the Merry Mountains. Geomorphological monuments of nature Sverdlovsk region in the Merry Mountains. Mount White as landscape monument nature.
And now I'm waiting for you at my place, in the land of miracles.
Free admission!
ON yourself to have open eyes, a wide smile and a great mood.
And with the April phrase -
Hello sun, hello forest!
You are in the land of miracles!
Hello, Trans-Baikal Territory,
HI!
Everyone has heard of the 7 wonders of the world, scattered by man on planet Earth. But there is on entrusted to us the globe a place consisting of solid miracles, where nature is working in all its fantasy. Good luck note!
I invite you to celebrate the third anniversary of your diary there.
After all, for many Transbaikalia, that ... Through the Looking Glass ...
So, the Trans-Baikal Territory is glad to welcome you! How?
Of course, the Sun, famous for its luminary, which shines in half the sky, illuminating our land.
There is almost always a clear and clear sky.
According to recent data, the number of sunny days in Chita since the beginning of this year is 93 out of 114 (82%).
Chita is one of the sunniest cities in Russia, there are 43% more hours of sunshine per year than in Moscow, and according to this indicator, the city corresponds to the south of Russia. However, Chita is located almost at the latitude of ... Kyiv, I figured this out as a child, "traveling" with my father on the map. Sunshine averages 2477 hours, but the average annual temperature is -1.4 °C.
A long duration of sunshine and a large influx of solar energy, combined with a lower air temperature - this is Transbaikalia, where extreme frosts scream their weighty negative word at the top of their voices.
So, MIRACLE No. 1 - the Sun, which shines brightly, but often does not heat much.
And now look up - into the dizzying heights of the outgoing SKY, which is hardly possible to describe!
Boundless and limitless, bottomless free, tall and deep, deep blue and childishly pure, affectionate azure and dazzling azure, joyfully radiant, immense and boundless, heavenly blue, bright ultramarine, crystal clear and clear. And at night it is slate-black, velvety, mysterious ... with huge stars flying at you, beckoning, enticing, calling to fly ...
The stars from the sky shine brightly for us,
As in childhood, looking into the eyes ...
Sparks fly from a clear sky,
And melt, snowflakes, clean as a tear ...
Do you know why there is such an amazing sky over Transbaikalia? We are mountainous region, Chita at an altitude of 671 m above sea level, and the Molokovka sanatorium, located half an hour away, is already at an altitude of 820 m, and our famous lakes, an hour's drive from the city, already at 960 m ... Hence our unique atmospheric pressure, 680-690 mm Hg, in frosts of 700 with a little. But do not be alarmed, dear guests, it is quite easily tolerated, there is enough oxygen, because the box is full of Transbaikal another MIRACLE.
From the height of heaven, what is remarkable about the region? The green sea of the taiga ... 68% of the territory is occupied by forests - coniferous, deciduous.
“Our taiga is four-storey. … Do you see the beauties of the pine tree towering? This is the highest, fourth, floor of our taiga. The third floor is occupied by undergrowth - the young generation of the forest, young pines ... On the second floor there are various shrubs and small thickets of alder, wild rose, mountain ash, elderberry, honeysuckle, currant, rosemary-rhododendron. And quite below, on the ground, the grass lies like a green carpet, the flowers are burning brightly, the berries of lingonberries, wild strawberries, stone berries are burning red-hot ... ”, - our poet and writer Georgy Graubin wrote about the Trans-Baikal forest.
Here from the top floor, from the 4th, we will start with you.
For there are not only pines of ship growth, but also a MIRACLE of Transbaikal - cedar.
Cedar is the main idol of Transbaikalia. Here all life revolves around him. He is both a breadwinner and a drinker. Cedar - father, hunting - mother. Man came to Transbaikalia for nuts, sable and meat three hundred years ago. And survived. If there is no cedar, the squirrel will leave, the sable and musk deer will disappear. There are already fewer of them in the taiga. How can you cut the branch on which we sit?! The 30% allowed for logging is a huge figure. Remove 30% of the skin from a person, will he live?!
Cedar is our gold. This is sacred.
From the children's book "Golden Pad" I remember an episode with a laid taiga camping table, on which mysterious koloboks flaunted, of an amazing sweetish taste, easily dissolved in tea instead of milk. And this was cedar "milk". Cedar - not only tidbits, by the way, superior in composition to walnuts and peanuts. The crushed kernels of nuts turn into pine flour - dilute it with water, there will be cream. And cedar oil is truly worth its weight in gold, I tried it, I confirm it! (salty mushrooms seasoned with cedar oil ... mmm ...). Even the shell is used - for various medicinal tinctures. Avicenna also recommended nuts and cedar husks.
Priceless and cedar wood, a noble and elite breed: a natural antiseptic that is not susceptible to moisture, is not subject to decay and wormholes. Since ancient times, cedar forests have been considered a source of life-giving energy that enlightens thoughts, purifies the soul, and awakens the spiritual principle in a person.
It was not for nothing that the Siberians said: “In the spruce forest - to work, in the birch forest - to have fun, and in the cedar forest - to pray to God.”
The picture shows a young cedar in a birch tree on the Chita Highlands.
And it’s nothing but people who have forgotten God, with the permission of the authorities, cut down cedar forests, and trains go to China in an endless stream ... Along the rails, like knives through Transbaikal hearts ...
But the forest does not give up! One floor below, on the third, we see young shoots,
getting up on the burners, on clearings, stretching towards the sun and people ...
And in this forest, like wonderful visions, here and there, animals listed in the Red Book of Transbaikalia, birds, butterflies - 200 species of animals and 225 plants flicker ... Here are the familiar manuls (wild steppe cat) with tarbagan (Mongolian marmot), Dahurian crane, and dzeren (antelope), and a leopard with a snow leopard, and a tiger, they say, “sometimes” wanders, they saw ... And another 6 species of rare bats hunt at night - mustachioed, eared, LEATHER - unattractive, I must say ... Let them fly… Like 350 species of Transbaikal birds…
In the photo of the collage there is a tarbagan (Mongolian marmot) and a wild cat manul, a favorite of the Internet.
And we go down to the second floor, where another Trans-Baikal MIRACLE awaits us.
Ledum, which is Daurian rhododendron.
Not that trifle swamp, tangled underfoot, that of coughing, with an intoxicating smell, but a shrub proudly standing as an emerald wall, with evergreen glossy leaves and unearthly beauty and fragile tenderness flowers.
His name and color is defined in the gamut of colors: Bagul…
Our Trans-Baikal sakura… Blooms simultaneously with wild apricot (another MIRACLE). These two natural miracles give so much joy and relaxation to the soul of the Transbaikalian, yearning for bright life-giving beauty for half a year of a cruel winter, that it is just right to reverently say: o'hanami ...
And sit down under a bush. Let's sit down in a circle and talk softly, all right... To the bagul video song...
And I, measuredly, to the music of bagula-apricot, will tell you about the next MIRACLE of the Trans-Baikal region. In terms of territory, we are in 12th place in Russia, more Crimea 16 times more than Japan, Italy, Germany. And minerals - the entire periodic table ... The region is unique in terms of reserves of rare, precious, non-ferrous and ferrous metals, 42% of the explored reserves of fluorspar of Russia (20 deposits), 31% zirconium, 21% copper, 28% molybdenum (100 deposits), 18% titanium, 13% silver (23 deposits), 12% lead and zinc (700 deposits), as well as gold (over 1 thousand deposits), tungsten (100 thousand tons), tin, lithium, coal (2040.3 million tons), brown coal (2.24 billion tons) and iron ores (38 billion tons) There are 400 deposits containing about 50 types of semi-precious raw materials,
6 unique, largest uranium ore regions in Russia.
And with all THIS innumerable wealth, the Trans-Baikal Territory is bankrupt ... With public debt, with a budget deficit and other sad statistics. Which is always stupid for some reason. Through the efforts of local authorities... Let's leave aside this, perhaps, the biggest and saddest miracle... But you are visiting the edge of miracles...
It is not for nothing that Transbaikalia is called a precious box ...
lost the key...
I'd better take you to one of the outlandish places of Transbaikalia.
World watershed, passing along the Yablonovy Ridge.
The peak dividing the drainage basins of the three major rivers of the world - the Amur, Lena and Yenisei, is Mount Pallas (1236 m), named after famous traveler, research scientist P.S. Pallas, who crossed the Apple Range in 1772. It is a complex natural monument of regional importance 35 kilometers northwest of the city of Chita and belongs to the territory of the Ivano-Arakhleysky reserve. There are no more points in the world where the basins of three such great rivers would meet at once.
Mount Pallas is also called the "Mountain of Five Seas", since the waters of the Yenisei enter the Kara Sea, the Lena flows into the Laptev Sea, and the mouth of the Amur is located on the border of two seas at once - the Sea of Okhotsk and the Sea of Japan. The fifth in this list can rightly be called Baikal, which, although it is a lake, has long been given the title "Glorious Sea". Timur Ukhimovich Zhalsarain, a teacher of geography from the village of Kusochi, Mogoytuysky district, was the first to announce the existence of this point, unique on the scale of the planet, in the 70s of the last century. I already know where and how the Trans-Baikal water gets, gathering from streams, rivulets ...
And the water we have in Transbaikalia is unusual ...
And here we will smoothly enter the next stream of MIRACLES, mineral.
In terms of the number of mineral springs, the region is ahead of many regions of Russia. Their abundance is associated with the peculiarities of the geological structure and the activity of endogenous processes occurring in the region. Today, over 400 sources have been described in Transbaikalia mineral waters. Carbonic waters are especially widespread, for which Transbaikalia is called the “land of the Narzans”. And this despite the fact that in Russia there is also the North Caucasus, famous for its Narzans. For 15 deposits, operational reserves of mineral waters are approved in the amount of 2591 m3/day. In 1895 mineral spring Cook was visited by V. A. Obruchev, Russian geologist, paleontologist, geographer, future academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences. In his well-known book in Transbaikalia, "Spelling and Geological Sketch of the South-Western Transbaikalia", he described in detail the location of the source, the outcrops of mineral waters, which, in his opinion, belonged to "carbonic alkaline earth with a good content of free carbon dioxide." In Soviet times, 10 resorts and sanatoriums operated in the region, some of which have been preserved to this day.
Yes, and simple well water is amazing ...
After drinking healing water, rich in vitamins and minerals, what did you want? Everything is correct - to have a bite ... And here we are - with MIRACLES. Transbaikalia will lay such a table for you, which you definitely have not seen, but you have not eaten such dishes, collected in one place! What's there Buffet... We have a choice for you: Russian diurnal soup or Ukrainian borscht, lenok or grayling (and we have 60 species of fish swimming in lakes and rivers ...), or maybe bigos, real, Polish, if you wish ... but Buryat poses - buuzes or Kazakh manti, outgoing with meat juice, melting in your mouth ... Georgian skewers with Armenian cognac ... Uzbek pilaf il Beshbarmak with Kyrgyz lagman ... to the meat of Russian mushrooms and salted mushrooms with potatoes, noble, Belarusian ... Uuuuuh ... it remains to press down with a tea ". We will refrain from Kalmyk / Buryat, just Transbaikal, strong, with milk ... And whoever wants, a khokhlyatsky uzvarchik ... cold.
Why so many truly international bounties?! Thus, 120 nationalities live in Transbaikalia - for a long time and traditionally ... From exiled hard labor times to the present, with immigrants and refugees.
And - we coexist peacefully, as in the USSR, in the union of fraternal peoples.
And - "we are friends with borscht"!
Accordingly, Chita is multi-confessional. There are Orthodox churches, a Buddhist datsan, a Catholic church, a Muslim mosque, a synagogue, as well as a Jewish community. In general, Chita is the second city in the world after Jerusalem, where on one hill there are temples of three world religions: Judaism, Islam and Christianity. In the ancient part of the city, at the confluence of the Ingoda and Chita rivers, where the Chita prison was founded at one time, three churches stood on the same hill: a synagogue, a mosque and an Orthodox church.
Are you tired of the abundance of miracles? But that's not all! Alkhanai, the shrine of Buddhism, Kodar with mysterious glaciers, the Chara Sands - the most irregular desert in the world, Daursky and Sokhondinsky nature reserves ... and much, much more ...
Today's journey comes to an end.
Do you want to leave autographs for the Trans-Baikal Territory?
Then you are here!
And Transbaikalia gives everyone with gratitude for their attention to our transcendental gave a luxurious bouquet of sincere wishes, from the first floor of the four-story taiga ... Please love and admire:
Tiger lily, curly locust,
Marina's roots (evading peony), edelweiss...
Take a look:
orange, speckled, beauty
takes the soul to heaven...
And you don't resist
saranki miraculously enjoy ...
Truly beacons of goodness...
Catch the magical glow...
Mary's beauty flowering...
And what a fragrance ... Chanel No. 5 disappears in longing ..
And the inconspicuous mountain beauty of Transbaikalia - edelweiss ...
Nature has generously endowed our land. In Transbaikalia, everything is grandiose and large-scale: underground pantries full of riches, the green ocean of the taiga, the endless expanses of the steppes, mighty and full-flowing rivers, steep mountain peaks, hills wrapped in lilac wild rosemary, the purest water healing springs, the richest variety of flora and fauna. These lands, covered with myths and legends, are fabulously beautiful, mysterious and very attractive.
No wonder Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, passing through Transbaikalia, in his travel notes wrote:
“... in Transbaikalia, I found everything I wanted: the Caucasus, and the Psla valley, and the Zvenigorod district, and the Don. During the day you ride across the Caucasus, at night along the Don steppe, and in the morning you wake up from your slumber, looking - already the Poltava province - and so on for a thousand miles. Transbaikalia is great. This is a mixture of Switzerland, Don and Finland. Generally speaking, Siberian poetry begins from Baikal, but before Baikal there was prose.”
These words perfectly express the impression of Transbaikalia as a collective image of Russia.
Here all her natural map was connected.
Let others interpret, chi is that, chi is not that?
Just whatever happens to me
I am firmly convinced that Chita is the one
With whom my heart has long been related.
There are famous cities on the planet,
Cities - anywhere.
Only I can’t get away from Chita anywhere.
Like the dawn over Russia, she is young.
As the wife of a Decembrist, she is proud.
We are familiar with Chita - how many winters, how many years!
Will I go to the east, to the west, -
Everything will seem to me: comes after
Bagul has a strong smell.
I do not believe in oaths that are given in a rush,
Cities are not easy to get used to.
Just how to forget those friends that met
At Chita native crossroads?
(Yu. Goldman "Song of Chita")
Thanks to all the friends who agreed to celebrate
3rd anniversary of my diary
here, at our native Trans-Baikal crossroads!
I'm glad I have you!
P.S.
P.S. Well, such a postscript was formed ... Probably on purpose, so that the panegyric for the glory of Transbaikalia did not turn out to be a dissonance to reality. The latest news on the Chita portal can cool and bring to life:
The Trans-Baikal Territory came out on top among the regions of the Siberian Federal District in terms of the level of migration loss of the population for the year, in 2014 the Irkutsk region was in the lead.
(according to Krasnoyarskstat data of April 20, 2016)
In 2015, 7,207 more people left Transbaikalia than arrived.
The news attracted 200 comments in one fell swoop, most of which, alas,
also with a suitcase mood ...
For the standard of living of the Transbaikalian is nowhere lower ...
The paradox, however, Bernard Shaw never dreamed of ...
And we live...
And we love... And we rejoice...
Scenario of the festival "7 Wonders of Transbaikalia"
Lyrics: Deputy Director for UVR
Vedas 1
Transbaikalia is beyond Baikal,
This is where the hills and taiga are.
This is where the snow on the passes,
Where a blizzard rages in winter.
Transbaikalia - severe frosts,
In hoarfrost, snow is wrapped around the earth.
In fur coats of snowy pine and birch,
The fields are covered with snow.
Here spring bagul paints the hills,
Clouds in the blue sky,
And in the taiga, barely visible trails
They will lead you to the crystal springs.
Everything here is taken by a heroic measure -
The expanse of fields, valleys, lakes,
And the steppes of hilly, immense,
Clean rivers, magnificent mountains.
Here it is impossible not to fall in love with nature,
There is no more beautiful and harsher land,
Once you see it, it will be a dream for a long time
Transbaikalia earthly beauty...
Vedas 2: Chekhov, passing through Transbaikalia, wrote in his travel notes: “... in Transbaikalia, I found everything I wanted: the Caucasus, and the Psla valley, and the Zvenigorod district, and the Don. During the day you ride across the Caucasus, at night along the Don steppe, and in the morning you wake up from a slumber, looking - the Poltava province is already - and so on for a thousand miles. Generally speaking, Siberian poetry begins from Baikal, but before Baikal there was prose.”
Miracles of Transbaikal (To the music "Promised Heaven" by Valery Meladze)
My miracles are Transbaikal,
My miracles are Transbaikal,
Church in Kalinino
Cathedral of the Mother of God…
Take a look around you and see
And you will know more than that beauty.
How many beautiful places
I'm more surprised
Words come out aaaa;
"It's just miracles!"
My miracles are Transbaikal,
You have been standing for a long time, centuries, beckoning with beauty.
My miracles are Transbaikal,
I want to know you better, so hear me!
BUT lhanai and Arey!
I do not need the deepest other seas.
Take a look around you and see.
Butin Palace, you surprise with beauty!
How many beautiful places
What to keep and love, what to be proud of - there is!
I'm more surprised
May this pride and feeling on the side come to me.
Dzeren's maternity hospital - places are holy,
The Chara sands are rich in mystery….
The words come out:
"It's just miracles!"
My miracles are Transbaikal,
You have been standing for a long time, centuries, beckoning with beauty.
My miracles are Transbaikal,
I want to know you better, so hear me!
Vedas 1: A song performed by Yana Aksenova, head, sounded for you. The words for the song were written by Vologdina Irina Vasilievna. The song talks about the seven wonders of Transbaikalia, which were determined by the vote of the inhabitants of the region in 2010. And now your attention will be presented about them presentations prepared by class teams.
Ved2: Lake Arey. It has always attracted the purest water and pristine nature. This is not just a place of rest, which was chosen by tourists. This, according to our countrymen, is a miracle of Transbaikalia. It is believed that the sands, water, and mud in the lake have healing powers. Tall anthills, seaweed-potatoes, stilted trees, they say, can only be seen here. You will learn a lot of interesting things about the wonderful place of Transbaikalia neighboring us from the presentation of the 11th grade.
Ved1: The Butino Palace knew its heyday and survived the collapse and plunder together with the owner, it burned and revived, it saw all sorts of people and remembers different times. And they say that no, no, and the night watchmen will feel something unearthly, incomprehensible. It is as if this house has invisible guards who keep the family nest so that the Butin Palace lives. Representatives of 7 classes are invited to the stage.
Ved2: The north of the Trans-Baikal Territory is magnificent. “Movies are shown about the beauties of Kodar, Udokan and the Chara Valley, tourists and climbers strive to get there. They are attracted by yet unsurpassed nameless peaks. mountain peaks, sullen rivers with awe-inspiring rapids and waterfalls.” Amazing place there is in the north of the Trans-Baikal Territory - an island of the desert. Yellow sand dunes. They move inexorably along the Charskaya valley, crushing the forest under them. The 8th graders will tell us about the Chara Sands.
Ved1: One of the youngest national parks Russia, formed in 1999 "Alkhanai" is located on the territory of the Aginsky Buryat autonomous region. The territory of Alkhanay has long been famous for its beautiful landscapes, the healing waters of mountain streams, the paths of religious pilgrims and travelers. Alkhanai is one of the most visited recreation areas for Transbaikalians. Students of the 10th grade present their presentation to your attention.
Ved2: And now let's move to the south of Transbaikalia. Here, in the spacious valleys, there are boundless steppes, overgrown with feather grass. This region is called Dauria. Hilly distances, drainless basins, low rivers and saline lakes. Here in the Daurian steppes lies the Dauria International Reserve. Representatives of 6 classes will tell us about one of the protected places of Transbaikalia.
Ved1; Almost 400 churches of Transbaikalia disappeared during the years of unbelief, including the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral. Unfortunately, the time when monasteries and temples were wiped off the face of the earth did not pass without a trace. And even after many decades, Chita remained the only regional center in Russia that did not have a worthy cathedral. The question moved off the ground only with the advent of the new century. The birth of the temple, as well as the revival of faith in the region, was not easy, difficult, and at the same time blessed. The ninth-graders present their creative work.
Ved2: Three centuries have passed since the domes crowned with crosses once ascended to the sky. distant temple in the eastern borders of the state. But it’s not even the length of his life that is surprising, but how closely the fate of the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, seemingly lost in the distant Daurian expanses, intertwined with many major events national history, starting from the moment of development and accession of the Trans-Baikal lands to Russian empire. Even the place where the church stands is special. We invite representatives of 5 classes to defend the presentation.
Ved1: It is impossible to tell about everything in such a short time - this topic is immense! But we must try to preserve what is wonderful in nature that we have, so that the attractiveness of our amazing Transbaikalia will never fade. Indeed, most often it is a person who is the culprit of the death of nature, not realizing that we are alive, as long as nature is alive, memory is alive.
Lyrics to the music "Vitya needs to go out"
1. Let's save nature, our mother!
No one has been able to take it away from us.
In the fate of nature, because our destiny lives
We destroy nature - we destroy ourselves!
You love…
Save nature!
You love…
Save nature!
2. You rejoice at any petal!
And let the world give you music!
Stop this moment!
And let our cry reach everyone:
Stop! Stop! Sun, you smile!
Stop! Stop! Lesu, you smile!
Stop! Stop! Beast, you smile!
Stop! Stop! River, you smile!
Love her love, save nature.
Do not tear flowers, do not tear - keep nature.
Love, love, save nature.
Ved2: We invite viewers to help us sum up the results of the competition by participating in the voting. Each parallel can vote only once for the best speech and presentation, but not their own. You can consult, and then we invite a representative from the classes to announce the result.
Vedas 1: To sum up the results of the competition, the floor is given to Natalya Vladimirovna, a representative of the School Council, Galina Andreevna, the librarian of the school, Lidia Viktorovna, the teacher-organizer.
MBOU Dosatui secondary schoolabstract
Subject:7 wonders of Transbaikalia
Completed by: Solodovnikova Elena Sergeevna,
9th grade student
Head: Barannikova Natalya Georgievna,
geography teacher
Dosatui 2014
I. Introduction 3
II. Main part 4-10
1) Church of the Assumption of the Mother of God in the village of Kalinino
2) Cathedral of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God in Chita
3) Daursky State Reserve
4) Alkhanai
5) Chara Sands
6) Butinsky Palace
7) Lake Arey
III. Conclusion 11
IV. Literature 12
V. Application - presentation
Introduction
The great philosopher Socrates said: "Surprise is the path to knowledge." The seven wonders of the world, as it is almost literally written in all scientific reference books, are considered to be creations that, with their technical or artistic perfection, aroused the admiration of people of past centuries.
My motherland rich in miracles and is a small part of human culture. In January 2010, the results of the competition "7 Wonders of Transbaikalia" were summed up. For several months, Transbaikalians and residents of other regions of Russia daily cast their SMS or Internet votes for their favorite geographical or architectural objects of Transbaikalia. This competition is a joint project of the Chita State Television and Radio Company, the Extra newspaper and the ZabMedia news agency. Voting lasted three months. Of the forty contenders for the title of miracles, as a result, seven laureates were chosen: Alkhanai National Park, Arey Lake, Charsky Sands, Daursky State Reserve, the Cathedral of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God, Butinsky Palace and the Church of the Assumption of the Mother of God in the village of Kalinino, Nerchinsk district.
I decided to find out Additional information about 7 wonders of the world of our Transbaikalia. Why are they called miracles? Who created them? Where they are?
Target:
detection unique places located on the territory of Transbaikalia
Tasks:
1. To study literary and electronic sources of information about the 7 wonders of Transbaikalia.
2. Systematize and summarize the found material.
3. Create a presentation.
Main part
Church of the Assumption of the Mother of God in the village of Kalinino
In 1706, the construction of the main church began; in 1712, it was consecrated in honor of the Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos. The volumetric and spatial composition of the building goes back to the samples of the cult architecture of North-Eastern Russia at the end of the 17th century. A feature of the decor is non-repeating platbands. The church building has significant losses and deformations.
On the territory of the Trans-Baikal Territory, this is the oldest object of the surviving religious buildings of the pre-revolutionary period. Currently, the temple is in a very neglected state.
2. Cathedral of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God in Chita
The new Cathedral in the name of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God with chapels in the name of the Holy Right-Believing Grand Duke Alexander Nevsky and the Holy Royal Passion-Bearers in Chita is the second largest of those newly built in Russia. On the central square of the city of Chita, for a quarter of a century, there was already a cathedral, consecrated in honor of the holy noble prince Alexander Nevsky, destroyed in 1936.
On December 6, 2001, on the day of memory of the holy noble prince, Bishop Evstafiy of Chita and Transbaikal laid and consecrated the First Stone of the Cathedral in the name of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God, who has always especially patronized the eastern borders of Russia.
On March 5, 2002, the symbolic First brick was laid at the base of the walls of the cathedral under construction. During the spring and summer, the basement was laid out. The contours of the building were outlined. By the end of 2002, floors were erected above the basement floor and the laying of the walls of the main structure began.
The new cathedral is planned as a three-altar one. The main aisle is in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God, the right aisle is in honor of the holy noble prince Alexander Nevsky, the left aisle is in honor of the Royal Passion-Bearers: Tsar Nicholas, Tsarina Alexandra, Tsesarevich Alexy, Princesses Olga, Tatiana, Maria, Anastasia. In addition, under the main altar of the church, in the basement, there will be a baptismal church in honor of St. Vladimir, Equal-to-the-Apostles.
The size of the cathedral under construction is comparable to the largest churches in Russia. Of the newly built ones, this is the second largest church after the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow. The capacity of the cathedral is 2.5 thousand people. The height of the bell tower is over 60 meters, the height of the main dome is 47 meters.
The temple was built in the Vladimir-Suzdal style, which is typical for most church buildings of the heyday of Orthodoxy in Russia (XIV-XVI centuries). The prototype of the cathedral was the recently built Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral in the city of Gubkin, Belgorod diocese.
The first Divine Liturgy in the building of the cathedral under construction was performed on June 21, 2002 in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God. February 4, 2004 over cathedral the first dome shone. On March 31, the three largest bells were raised to the bell tower of the cathedral. Easter on April 11, 2004, to the delight of the townspeople, was marked by the festive ringing of all 15 cathedral bells.
In celebration of the 110th anniversary of the founding of the Trans-Baikal diocese, the cathedral under construction was consecrated. The consecration took place on September 26th.
3. Daursky State Reserve
There are many places on Earth where you can feel the greatness, strength and beauty of nature. The Daurian steppes are endless expanses of the “grass sea” and velvety sleepy hills, the sonorous singing of larks, the “pillars” of curious tarbagans and the graceful dances of cranes ... And for the time being, numerous herds of Asian antelopes - gazelles, ready to rush off into the distance at any second with the speed of the wind .
Dauria is also saucers of lakes, from small to endless, where the water merges with the horizon, and bordering sandy beaches or thickets of reeds and reeds serve as a refuge for thousands of ducks, geese, snow-white swans, nimble shorebirds and restless gulls. Light, sun-drenched birch-aspen pegs and bizarre rocks Adon-Chelona, island pine forests among the endless steppe, from a distance similar to a medieval army of nomads, is also the many-sided Dauria.
At first glance, nature here is modest, knows no excesses, but what it has created does not leave indifferent even the most sophisticated travelers.
4. Alkhanai
Alkhanai are mountains, caves covered with legends, it is with such places that a host of deities and spirits, the masters of the area in Buddhism and shamanism, are associated. Mount Alkhanai is one of the five sacred peaks of northern Buddhism. At its base is the temple of the Great Good. The most curious thing here is the natural grotto, in its vault there is a crack that goes into the depths of the rock, and water oozes from it, which is considered healing. Believers drink water and make offerings - grain, coins, etc. Two kilometers of ascent - and you are in front of the Sandem rock. She is the guardian of the Buddhist faith and the feminine.
Alkhanai National Park is located in a sharply continental climate with average annual air temperatures from -1.2 to -1.8 degrees. C. The average temperature in January: -22.4 ... -22.7 degrees. WITH; average temperature July: +18.3…+18.6 degrees C. The annual amount of precipitation is 400 mm. Wind rose - north-western and western winds prevail in the surface layer.
In hydrographic terms, the territory of the park belongs to the Upper Amur basin. Density - from 0.1 km / sq. km to 0.8 km/sq. km (average 0.5 km/ sq. km). 37 large and small streams flow through the park (the Ilya River and its tributaries). The remaining reservoirs of the park are predominantly floodplain lakes-oxbow lakes of the river. Ilya. There are 5 main lakes (O. Balzino, Krasnoyarovo and 3 Alkhanai lakes).
The valley of the arshan (source) Dry-Ubzhogoe is picturesque. In the minds of believers, arshans have a cleansing power, their waters are famous for their healing properties. Gazebos, places for recreation, toilets and so on are arranged in the valley. There is a sacred stone here, from under which the Glaznoy stream runs. It cures eye diseases. Here you can stay for the night in a yurt and tent camps or on a turret. There are two paths in the Arshan valley that lead to the cult places of Alkhanai.
5. Chara Sands
Chara Sands is a tract in the Kalarsky district of the Trans-Baikal Territory, which is a sandy massif about 10 km by 5 km in size. It is located in the Chara basin, in the foothills of the Kodar ridge, 9 kilometers from the village of Chara, between the valleys of the Chara, Middle Sakukan and Upper Sakukan rivers. The massif is a geological monument of nature of the geomorphological type of federal rank. Surrounded by larch taiga and swamps. BAM Novaya Chara station is 10 kilometers away.
The massif is elongated from the southwest to the northeast in the direction of the prevailing winds and occupies an area of about 50 sq. km. In no basin of Transbaikalia is there such large arrays loose moving sands. The sands are quartz, fine- and medium-grained, finely rounded, fluvioglacial, Pleistocene formations, subsequently processed by the wind. Sandy masses form ridges, dunes and chains of dunes, interspersed with blowout basins. The length of individual dunes is 150-170 m, the height is up to 80 m. The steep north-eastern slopes have a slope of up to 32 degrees.
The Chara sands look like deserts Central Asia. The vegetation is slightly different from the taiga. In depressions there are areas with larch, dwarf dwarf birch and moisture-loving dwarf pine. In the northeastern part of the tract there are two small lakes - Alyonushka and Tayozhnoye.
6. Butinsky Palace
Monument of architecture and urban planning of republican significance (since 1995). The palace and manor buildings were commissioned by the Nerchinsk gold miners, the Butin brothers. The estate belonged to the head of the firm of the trading house “Brothers M.D. and N.D. Butins" to Mikhail Dmitrievich Butin. The beginning of the construction of the palace dates back to 1864.
Within 10 years, a water tower, a greenhouse, stables, warehouses were erected. Between the palace and the greenhouse, there was originally a small garden-yard with pavilions, a fountain, pavilions and sculptures. In the northwestern part of the estate there is a garden with pine alleys. The palace housed: an office, a shop, residential and utility rooms, an art gallery, Butin's home museum, a library, and an office.
The interiors of the palace were particularly luxurious. The doors of the rooms are decorated with overlaid carved elements made of precious wood; the parquet floor is made of Dahurian mahogany; front staircase adorned a huge stained glass window "The Archangel Michael Slaying the Devil", made in 1857 in a Munich workshop. The music hall was decorated with Venetian mirrors. The multi-storey building of the palace occupied half of the block. The compositional core of the palace is the southeastern 3-storey part, oriented towards the square and made in the Moorish-Gothic style. The southeastern facade of the palace is decorated with a balcony on figured brackets and arched window openings. The walls of the building are embroidered with pilasters and decorated with "diamond rustication". Above the crowning cornice there is a decorative jagged parapet and turrets that complete the pilasters.
As a result of fires in 1982 and 1993, the building of the palace and its interiors were significantly damaged. Historical interiors are best preserved in the former library and the eastern part of the palace. Six mirrors survived, brought from the World Exhibition in Paris in 1878, including the largest one (5.1x5.1 meters in size). The decor of the music hall has survived: the sculptural and decorative group "Muse", wall bas-reliefs with portraits of Glinka, Mozart, Bach, Mendelssohn, a stucco rosette, a bronze gilded chandelier (height 2 meters, diameter of the lower part 2 meters) with decorations in the form of leaves. In 1997-2001, emergency conservation work was carried out, and since 2002, restoration has begun.
By the 350th anniversary of Nerchinsk in 2003, the restoration of the front part and large mirrors of the palace was carried out, the building houses the Nerchinsk Interdistrict Museum of Local Lore.
7. Lake Arey
Lake Arey is located between two ridges - Malkhansky and Yablonov. Currently, it is a natural monument and is actively used for recreational purposes.
Areya water is slightly alkaline, slightly mineralized (200-250 mg/l), sodium-magnesium-calcium hydrocarbonate. A high content of potassium was found, silicic acid, bromine, fluorine, lithium and other active elements were determined. close coastline- output of the "Glaznoy" spring, the water of which contains 55 mg/l of silicic acid. The mud of the lake contains high concentrations (mg/kg) of iron (259.2), zinc (1.3), copper (1.1) compounds. The works carried out by Irkutsk and Chita physicians, confirmed by the Tomsk Research Institute of Balneology and Physiotherapy, show that the waters and mud of Lake Arey have a pronounced therapeutic effect in dermatosis, especially in the treatment of psoriasis and dermatitis.
Conclusion
Since ancient times, it has been customary to single out the "seven wonders of the world", seven ancient works of architecture and art that have no equal in size, beauty and originality. Of the richest and longest history
of our native Transbaikalia, the inhabitants of the region have chosen seven sights, seven unique historical values that distinguish and mark our region among others.
Having studied literary and electronic sources of information about the 7 miracles of Transbaikalia, I found answers to the questions: Why are they called miracles? Who created them? Where they are? I summarized the found material and created a presentation "7 Wonders of Transbaikalia". Information on the topic can be used in class hours, regional lessons.
Literature
Geography of the Trans-Baikal Territory. Chita: Express publishing house, 2009.
Small Encyclopedia of Transbaikalia. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2009.
Internet resources:
