New utility service. What to expect from the "garbage" reform? Know your native land Paid - take away
Don't be fooled by the young, by historical standards, age of the village of Loknya, Pskov region. He stands on ancient land that has seen and absorbed so much over the past millennium. Military and peaceful accomplishments, surrounded by bewitching nature, left behind a lot memorable places, events and personalities
When a curious person wants to know information about the Loknyansky district, he usually finds only the most general statistical data. They will tell about the historical childhood of the village, its location and transport interchanges. But relatively young Loknya, Pskov region, is old enough for any of its districts to include one of the many historical ones, or simply interesting places. The subject of our today's review was no exception.
History of Lockney
Before appearing on the maps in 1901 Loknya, Pskov region was led by the ancient district center- churchyard Trinity-on-Hlavice (now the village of Podberezie). Founded by herself in 947, it can only be called the center with irony, because at that time it was lonely and small, at a decent distance from Pskov. And what kind of areas are there in the 10th century? The main source of income for the graveyards was the accommodation of travelers who moved goods along the famous route "from the Varangians to the Greeks." With the fading of the trade route to XIII century, a large part of the Loknyansky district is included in the Kholmsky district of the Novgorod land, until the XIV century. Due to its location on the western border of the Russian state, which was remembered on the coat of arms of the region, these lands were the first to stand in the way of foreign invaders. And only by 1667, with the end of the Russian-Polish war, the border moved further to the west, giving Lokna and the Pskov region a sigh of relief. And already in the 20th century, during the laying of railways, a settlement grew up near one of the stations, which eventually became the regional center.
Sights in Lochney
At first glance, the area does not inspire hope, the shtetl pastoral, everything interesting should be concentrated in the regional center ... Nothing like that! From the train station at the Loknya railway station, recognized architectural monument, to Nicholas the Wonderworker, in which Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov was married. Just ten kilometers from the center of the district, in the ruined estate of Bryanchaninov, there are two, which are a puzzling example of early twentieth century architecture, using "futuristic" reinforced concrete technology. On the site of the churchyard of Vlitsa, there is an ancient one, both for Lokni, Pskov region, and Russia in general Spaso-Preobrazhensky Church. Built of wood in the 15th century, it was upgraded to stone in the 1770s to feed the growing flock. According to legend, M.I. was baptized in it. Kutuzov, and his brother Semyon is buried next to the church porch, which is evidenced by a dilapidated granite monument. And as if confirming the glorious tradition of the guardians of the Russian land, a military memorial rises in the village of Chernushki at the site of the feat of Alexander Matrosov.
Nature of Lokni
The landscape is characterized by swampy terrain with many lakes, occupying mainly the western part of the region. The natural water artery is the Loknya River, which originates from Loknovo. And 43% of the land is covered with coniferous-deciduous forests. They contain modestly sized populations of forest dwellers coexisting in a balanced ecosystem that needs to be protected by all means from the shrinking environment of technological civilization. For example, you should not tear the reserved mushroom - Coral Blackberry. For the protection of which the covering Loknya, Pskov region and part of the Novgorod region Polistovsky state reserve. As you might guess, two other kingdoms are included in the protected species. Fauna numbering 305 species of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish. The flora consists of lichens, mosses and higher plants, totaling 654 species. If you have been interested since childhood, what did those very reserved forests look like with talking animals and miracles from Russian fairy tales, then you are just at the right place. Although silent pikes and uncommunicative golden eagles can undermine children's fantasies, the wonders of virgin nature still remain here.
The blog "Know your native land" is virtual journey for children in the Pskov region and is the embodiment in the Internet space of the main materials of the project of the Centralized Library System of the city of Pskov "Know your native land!".
This project was developed and implemented in the libraries of the Centralized Library System of Pskov in 2012-2013. - Library - Center for Communication and Information, Children's Ecological Library "Rainbow", Library "Spring" named after. S.A. Zolottsev and in the innovation-methodical department of the Central City Library.
The main goal of the project is to give an idea about the historical past of the Pskov region, its present, about the people (personalities) who glorified the Pskov region, about the richness and originality of the nature of the Pskov region.
The project brought together librarians, participants in the educational process and parents with a single goal.
“The education of love for the native land, for the native culture, for the native village or city, for the native speech is a task of paramount importance and there is no need to prove it. But how to cultivate this love? It starts small - with love for your family, for your home, for your school. Gradually expanding, this love for the native land turns into love for one's country - for its history, its past and present ”(D.S. Likhachev).
| Pskov. Phot. Peter Kosykh. |
Project implementation partners:
City schools:
· Secondary school No. 24 im. L.I. Malyakova (teacher of the beginning classes Grigoryeva Valentina Ivanovna)
· Secondary school No. 12 named after. Hero of Russia A. Shiryaev (teacher of the beginning classes Ovchinnikova Tatyana Pavlovna)
Border - customs - legal lyceum (teacher of the beginning classes Ivanova Zinaida Mikhailovna)
Pskov Regional Institute for Advanced Studies of Education Workers:
Pasman Tatyana Borisovna - methodologist in history, social science and law of POIPKRO
Pskov State University
Bredikhina Valentina Nikolaevna, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and Methods of Humanitarian Education, Pskov State University.
Blog editor:
Burova N.G. - head. Department of Information and Communication Technologies of the Central City Hospital of Pskov
At present, despite the fact that the project, which was originally the basis for the creation of this resource, has been completed, our local history blog continues to successfully exist and develop. Being in its essence an information and educational resource and a good help for those who want to get to know Pskov and the amazing Pskov region (especially for children), whether it is the opening of a monument in Pskov or on the territory of the Pskov region, impressions from trips to one of the corners of the Pskov region, the creation of a new local history game library or photo gallery, and, of course, we always inform our readers about the publication of new books about Pskov, designed for young local historians.
The materials of this blog can be used both in school classes and at library events, or they can be read just like that - for self-education!
We are waiting on the pages of our blog for all the guys who are not indifferent to the history of Pskov and the Pskov region, and, in turn, we promise to delight our visitors with new materials. By the way, blog updates can be found in the section
(G) (I) Coordinates : 56°50′00″ s. sh. 30°09′00″ in. d. / 56.83333° N sh. 30.15000° E d./ 56.83333; 30.15000(G) (I)Show/Hide Maps
Loknya- an urban-type settlement in the Pskov region of Russia, the administrative center of the Loknyansky district. Makes up Municipality"Loknya"(with the status of "urban settlement" - within the boundaries of the town).
Located 205 km southeast of Pskov. Railway station on the line Dno - Novosokolniki.
Story
Population
Population
| 1939 | I.1959 | I.1970 | I.1979 | I.1989 | X.2002 | I.2010 | X.2010 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2194 | 3421 | 4277 | 5262 | 6061 | 4898 | 4449 | 3872 |
Economy
A furniture factory and a bakery operate in the village. Printing house. Previously, a butter and cheese plant, a food processing plant and a radio plant worked.
Transport
In the village there is a railway station of the same name, where ambulances and passenger trains, both Russian and international. Transit lines also run through the village. bus routes to Moscow, Velikiye Luki, Pskov and St. Petersburg.
Attractions
- Transfiguration Church(XVIII century), the brother of Field Marshal M. I. Kutuzov is buried in front of the porch of the temple.
- In the area, in the village of Chernushki - memorial on the site of the heroic death of Alexander Matrosov.
Write a review on the article "Loknya (Pskov region)"
Literature
- // homepages.uni-tuebingen.de (Retrieved September 28, 2009)
- Loknya (Pskov region)- article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia.
Notes
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An excerpt characterizing Loknya (Pskov region)
Finally, and most importantly, Alpatych knew that on the very day he ordered the headman to collect carts for the export of the princess's convoy from Bogucharov, in the morning there was a gathering in the village, at which it was supposed not to be taken out and wait. Meanwhile, time was running out. The leader, on the day of the death of the prince, on August 15, insisted on Princess Marya that she leave on the same day, as it was becoming dangerous. He said that after the 16th he was not responsible for anything. On the day of the prince's death, he left in the evening, but promised to come to the funeral the next day. But the next day he could not come, because, according to the news he himself received, the French suddenly moved in, and he only managed to take away his family and everything valuable from his estate.For about thirty years, Bogucharov was ruled by the headman Dron, whom the old prince called Dronushka.
Dron was one of those physically and morally strong men who, as soon as they come of age, grow a beard, so, without changing, live up to sixty or seventy years, without one gray hair or lack of a tooth, just as straight and strong at sixty. like at thirty.
Dron, shortly after moving to the warm rivers, in which he participated, like others, was made headman steward in Bogucharovo, and since then he has remained flawlessly in this position for twenty-three years. The men were more afraid of him than the master. Gentlemen, and the old prince, and the young, and the manager, respected him and jokingly called him a minister. During all the time of his service, Dron was never drunk or sick; never, not after sleepless nights, not after any kind of work, did not show the slightest fatigue and, not knowing the letter, never forgot a single account of money and pounds of flour for the huge convoys that he sold, and not a single shock of snakes for bread on every tithe of the Bogucharov fields.
This Dron Alpatych, who came from the devastated Bald Mountains, called to himself on the day of the prince's funeral and ordered him to prepare twelve horses for the carriages of the princess and eighteen carts for the convoy, which was to be raised from Bogucharov. Although the peasants were quitrents, the execution of this order could not meet with difficulties, according to Alpatych, since there were two hundred and thirty taxes in Bogucharovo and the peasants were prosperous. But Elder Dron, having listened to the order, silently lowered his eyes. Alpatych told him the men he knew and from whom he ordered to take carts.
The drone answered that these peasants had horses in a cart. Alpatych named other men, and those horses did not have, according to Dron, some were under state-owned carts, others were powerless, and the horses of others died from starvation. Horses, according to Dron, could not be collected not only for wagon trains, but also for carriages.
Alpatych carefully looked at Dron and frowned. Just as Dron was an exemplary headman, so Alpatych not without reason managed the prince's estates for twenty years and was an exemplary manager. He was eminently able to understand by instinct the needs and instincts of the people with whom he dealt, and therefore he was an excellent manager. Glancing at Dron, he immediately realized that Dron's answers were not an expression of Dron's thoughts, but an expression of that general mood of the Bogucharov world, by which the headman had already been captured. But at the same time, he knew that Dron, who had profited and hated by the world, had to fluctuate between two camps - the masters and the peasants. He noticed this hesitation in his gaze, and therefore Alpatych, frowning, moved closer to Dron.
- You, Dronushka, listen! - he said. - Don't talk to me empty. His Excellency Prince Andrei Nikolaevich themselves ordered me to send all the people and not stay with the enemy, and there is an order from the king. And whoever remains is a traitor to the king. Do you hear?
“I’m listening,” Dron answered, without raising his eyes.
Alpatych was not satisfied with this answer.
- Hey, Dron, it will be bad! Alpatych said, shaking his head.
- The power is yours! Drone said sadly.
- Hey, Dron, leave it! Alpatych repeated, taking his hand out of his bosom and solemnly pointing it to the floor under Dron's feet. “It’s not like I see right through you, I can see right through everything three arshins under you,” he said, peering at the floor under Dron’s feet.
The drone was embarrassed, glanced briefly at Alpatych and lowered his eyes again.
- You leave the nonsense and tell the people that they were going to go from their houses to Moscow and prepare the carts tomorrow morning under the princess's convoy, but don't go to the meeting yourself. Do you hear?
The drone suddenly fell at its feet.
- Yakov Alpatych, fire me! Take the keys from me, fire me for Christ's sake.
- Leave it! Alpatych said sternly. “I can see right through you three arshins,” he repeated, knowing that his skill in walking for bees, knowing when to sow oats, and the fact that for twenty years he had been able to please the old prince, had long acquired the fame of a sorcerer and that his ability to see three arshins under a person is attributed to sorcerers.
Dron got up and wanted to say something, but Alpatych interrupted him:
- What did you think? Eh?.. What do you think? BUT?
What should I do with the people? Dron said. - It blew up completely. I also tell them...
“That’s what I say,” said Alpatych. – Do they drink? he asked shortly.
- All perturbed, Yakov Alpatych: they brought another barrel.
- So you listen. I'll go to the police officer, and you tell the people, and so that they leave it, and so that there are carts.
Loknyansky district is able to fall in love with anyone who is not indifferent to the wonderful nature, lakes and forests, ancient churches, old estates and parks.
There are more than 50 lakes in the region, in which many species of fish live, mushrooms and berries abound in the forests.
In the village of Chernushki, Loknyansky district, the Hero performed his famous feat Soviet Union- Alexander Matrosov.
Sports are actively developed in Loknya itself: there is a boxing school headed by V.V. Golik, known not only outside the region, but also at the international level, as well as its success pleases the football team.
Story:
Loknya is an urban-type settlement in the Pskov region, which arose in 1901 in connection with the construction of railway. However, the churchyard of Vlitsa, which has now become part of the village, is mentioned in the annals as early as 1488.
At the end of the XVIII century in Vlitsy on the site of the demolished due to dilapidation wooden church(XV century) the Spaso-Preobrazhenskaya stone church was built, the building of which has survived to this day already within the boundaries of the village of Loknya. The name comes from the Loknya River, which flows nearby. The word "Loknya", according to the assumption of the writer Lev Uspensky, means, translated from Finnish, "damp place", "marshy place".
Now Loknya is small village where you can relax from the hustle and bustle of big cities and enjoy nature.
How to get there:
The village has the same name railroad station, where fast and passenger trains, both Russian and international, stop. Transit bus routes to Moscow, Velikiye Luki, Pskov and St. Petersburg also run through the village.
Attractions:
Temples:
- (XVIII century), the brother of Field Marshal M. I. Kutuzov is buried in front of the porch of the temple.
The church dates from the 18th century. The church has four altars: the main aisle is Spaso-Preobrazhensky, the left one is Nikolsky, the right one is Ilyinsky and the warm one is in the refectory in the name of the icon of the Tikhvin Mother of God.
In front of the porch of the church, the brother of the commander S.I. Kutuzov, a well-known liberal who gave freedom to his peasants long before the abolition of serfdom, is buried.
In the ancient village of Mikhailov Pogost, a very beautiful church, built in 1864 by the local landowner Alekseeva over the ashes of her husband, attracts attention.
For the construction of the temple in Starye Lipy, brick production was established, which was then transferred to the construction site along the human chain to Mikhailov Pogost. Built of brick, granite, marble and sandstone, the temple is a fine example of the neo-Russian style. According to local residents, an underground passage was laid from the Bryanchaninov Palace to the church.
Monuments:
In the district, in the village of Chernushki, there is a memorial at the site of the heroic death of Alexander Matrosov.
Alexander Matveevich Matrosov(February 5, 1924, Yekaterinoslav - February 27, 1943, Chernushki village, Pskov region) - Hero of the Soviet Union, private infantry. Known for his self-sacrificing feat, when he covered the embrasure of the German bunker with his chest. His feat received the widest publicity in the Soviet media and became a fixed expression in the Russian language. The ashes of the hero rest in the city of Velikiye Luki on the banks of the Lovat River. A monument was erected on the grave. A bronze statue of Matrosov rises on a granite pedestal.
Homesteads:
- Manor Old Lipy, Loknyansky district, village. Mountain
The manor belongs to the end of the 19th century. In the past, this was the estate of Senator Bryanchaninov. This is one of the most luxurious estate ensembles with a huge house and a variety of exotic interiors. Two observation towers and a fragment of a two-story eastern wing have been preserved from the estate.
At that time, the style of historicism dominated in Russia and the Bryanchaninovsky Palace had a large number of rooms (according to some reports - 120), decorated in the spirit of that time. There were both Russian and Greek styles, Egyptian and Byzantine; there were also mirror and glass-beared rooms, an extensive library and exhibition hall, an art gallery and a house church.
Near the palace there was a large glass greenhouse, in which amazing and rare flowers brought from Europe were grown. There was a vast fruit and berry garden.
Where to stay:
Where to eat:
- Cafe "Podvorie-2"(Loknya village, A. Evstifeenkov st., 467th km) - the cafe offers European, Russian, homemade and mixed cuisine, there is free wi-fi.
- Culinary RAIPO (settlement Loknya, Sovetskaya st., 11)
- Bar "Shar"
- Cafe Begemot
Sport:
Sports and military-patriotic work is carried out at a high level in Lokna. The stadium "Kolos" hosts football teams of the region participating in championships or cup games.
The boxing school, headed by V.V. Golik, is known not only outside the region, but also at the international level. It brings up champions of the ring, candidates and masters of sports, winners of many prestigious tournaments. Pupils of this famous coach are included in the school of the Olympic reserve, are part of the Russian youth boxing team.
Holidays:
Edge nature:
The nature of the region is simply magical! There are a lot of beautiful places, lakes, rivers and forests here is clean air and a lot of greenery. All connoisseurs of nature will undoubtedly appreciate this beauty.
How much waste do we generate daily by throwing paper, plastic bags, potato peels, banana skins and many other things that we use in everyday life into the trash can? The habit of getting rid of household waste has been brought to automaticity. And what is their further path, who is engaged in their export and where, we are of little interest. The fee per square meter suits, since the amount is not prohibitive. But with the advent of 2019, the latter issue will become more tangible for residents in terms of financial costs.
How will the waste collection rate change? Who will pay for housing public service And why are there no processing plants in the region? These and other questions were discussed by the AiF-Krasnoyarsk correspondent with and. about. Minister of Ecology and Nature Management of the Krasnoyarsk Territory Vladimir Chasovitin.
Give away the garbage
Tatyana Firsova, AIF-Krasnoyarsk: Vladimir Anatolyevich, how will the transition to the new conditions take place? Residents feel very little aware of what changes are coming from January 1, 2019.
Minister of Ecology of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. A photo: From the personal archive of V. Chasovitin
Vladimir Chasovitin: Preparations for a change in the organization of municipal waste management in the region are underway. Almost everywhere, regional operators have been identified, which from the beginning of 2019 will carry out the removal and disposal of garbage. A program has been developed and approved, but in order for it to take effect, a number of regulatory documents must be adopted. The main one is the territorial scheme for the treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW), which should contain the entire mechanism for their collection from the territories. For the scheme to start working at 100%, there should be 56 landfills, 120 temporary accumulation and storage sites, 14 waste sorting lines and a number of other facilities in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Their total cost is estimated at 26 billion rubles. But since the necessary infrastructure already exists in a number of territories, the amount of necessary investments is reduced to 14.5 billion rubles.
But there is no time to wait for the money to appear and the construction of the necessary facilities to begin, and in a number of territories we will start work right now.
- People do not understand what is the purpose of the reform, if we are not yet ready for it?
The main goal of the reform is to organize the initial collection of garbage from the population. It is important to explain to people that they must conclude an agreement with a regional operator and hand over garbage to him. There is a serious problem in this part of the implementation of the law: in many settlements of the region, garbage is not collected at all, people take waste to the forest, to unauthorized dumps. I will cite as an example the urban-type settlement of Kuragino, where 14,000 people live. It's pretty big locality, but not all villagers use the waste collection service. There are only a few tanks on the street, which confirms that only half of the residents have a contract for garbage collection. The rest burn it in their stoves, throw it into a nearby forest or somewhere else.
The main change that residents of the region should be aware of is that from January 1, 2019, each of us will be required to conclude an agreement for the removal of waste. I often hear from people at meetings: “We burn garbage in stoves, throw food waste into the compost pit, scatter humus in the garden, so we don’t produce garbage.” I disagree: any villager goes to the store, buys food packed in plastic, and takes it home in plastic bags. So there is no person who does not produce waste.
If now contracts for garbage collection are concluded on a voluntary basis, then from January 1, 2019 this will be a mandatory requirement. I will add that the removal of MSW will be transferred from housing to public services. After the system of garbage collection from the population is established, the growth of unauthorized dumps will stop and their liquidation will begin. The ultimate goal of the reform is the receipt of all waste at an authorized facility. This means that the garbage must necessarily go to the regional operator, who sorts it or sends it to a landfill.
Fare up?
Definitely solve the problems of clutter and pollution environment is a top priority. But you must admit that it is important for people that the tariff for garbage collection does not increase significantly. And there is such a risk. Many experts have already made calculations, albeit approximate ones, and you know, they are not encouraging at all.
Yes, the issue is extremely sensitive, so all calculations of the regional operator must be economically justified. To do this, he is obliged to hold a public auction in order to determine the contractors who will be engaged in garbage collection in the territories included in the control zone of the regional operator. The winner in the auction will not be an affiliated company, but the one offering the lower price.
- And yet there is an understanding in the ministry how much people will pay for garbage collection?
Personally, I will understand when I see the investment and production programs of regional operators. In them, they are required to prescribe everything that is required for organizing the collection and disposal of garbage in a particular area. After the approval of the program, the size of the tariff will become clear and what money residents of the region will pay for garbage collection. So far, no investment program has been approved. At the same time, last week in the southern group of districts the regional operator announced that the tariff would not be higher than 150 rubles per person. Based on this figure, a family of four will pay 600 rubles a month. I want to emphasize that I do not predict a significant increase in tariffs for the removal of MSW in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. I propose to wait for the approval of investment programs, the deadline for their submission is November 1. After a thorough study, we will go out for approval of the tariff, the deadline is December 20. The regional operator must conclude agreements with legal entities and individuals by December 31,
It won’t work that we wake up on January 1, and there will be no one to take out the garbage? The new scheme did not work, the old one no longer works?
If tariffs are not approved by January 1 (we will do everything possible to prevent this from happening), then garbage collection will be carried out according to the previous scheme. I assure you, there will be no garbage collapse on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, and the population will not suffer. And here's what I want to focus on. From next year, the calculation for the removal of MSW is changing: now the population pays per square meter, regardless of how many people live in the apartment, starting from the new year, payment will be made for each registered in the living space.
- What was the reason for the revision of the scheme for calculating fees for garbage collection?
The legislator changed the payment scheme in order to eliminate the imbalance between the living area and the people registered on it. It is no secret that two people can live in a large apartment, and seventeen in a small one. The former pay more, despite the fact that they produce less waste. Now the payment will be more fair, because it is not square meters that produce garbage, but the people who live on them. By the way, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the average accumulation standard is 17.5 kg per person per month.
Paid - take away
You said that garbage collection has become a utility service. Does this mean that the population will have another mandatory payment, the same as the rent?
Quite right. We will all be required to conclude an agreement with a regional operator and pay for garbage collection, whether we like it or not. This will motivate people not to throw waste into unauthorized landfills, not to pollute nature.
After all, if a person has concluded an agreement with a regional operator, he does not need to take garbage to the forest. Therefore, the growth of unauthorized landfills in the territory of the region will stop, although I am far from thinking that this will happen from January 1 next year. I give a year for the residents to get used to the new order and understand its necessity. Another plus of the reform is that the waste will be sorted and recycled.
- Are there enterprises in the Krasnoyarsk Territory that are engaged in recycling?
So far, there are only two plants: in Divnogorsk they process pet bottles, in Krasnoyarsk - paper. Such capacities have yet to be created, they were not there, because for the profitable operation of production, a volume of at least 100 thousand tons of selected material per year is needed. Considering that all garbage will go to authorized facilities, we will accumulate such a volume.
Vladimir Chasovitin. Born in 1969 in the village. Podtyosovo, Yenisei region. Graduated from the Sverdlovsk Law Institute. He worked as the prosecutor of Krasnoyarsk, head of the control department of the governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Now he is in post. about. Minister of Ecology and Rational Nature Management of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Married. Father of four children.
