Presentation on the theme of laos in geography. Laos - description

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about the country

This is the most mysterious country of the three former French colonies of Indochina. The former name of Laos - Lan Xang - means "Kingdom of a Million Elephants", which is why today Laos is called the land of elephants and smiles. Striking with its natural beauty, centuries-old history and strong spiritual traditions, Laos remains a real "pearl" of Southeast Asia.

Traveling to is a unique opportunity to discover a lot of new, interesting and unexpected things, to get acquainted with a completely different culture and traditions, to visit unique historical sights, to see ancient architectural monuments, to admire untouched natural beauty.

It has no access to the sea, which, however, does not reduce the interest of Western tourists in this country. Until 1988, Laos was closed to foreigners; long isolation has contributed to the fact that today you can see the traditional life of the Southeast in its almost “untouched form”, as if to travel back in time many years ago. Mountain villages still preserve the traditional subsistence economy, and the largest cities of the country - Vientiane and Luang Prabang amaze with their leisurely lifestyle and provincial charm. Many stunning temples, each of which is distinguished by its own unique beauty, a harmonious combination of Lao architectural traditions and French colonial style, lively and colorful markets, rows of Buddhist monks in bright clothes, leisurely strolling through the streets - all this forms the unique look of Lao cities. Time in Laos flows slowly, the measured and calm lifestyle of the local population sets you up for a relaxing, spiritual and contemplative vacation.

It is considered the cleanest ecological zone in Southeast Asia and is famous for its pristine nature, beautiful landscapes, an amazing combination of rocky mountains, picturesque rivers and impenetrable jungle, magical beauty of waterfalls, tropical forests inhabited by exotic inhabitants. The country has 17 nature reserves and nature protection zones scattered throughout almost the entire territory of the country.

Lovers of ecological, educational and extreme tourism Laos will find many interesting ways to spend time: rafting and kayaking on full-flowing rivers, trekking in the mountains and villages of numerous ethnic minorities, cycling through the picturesque surroundings, rock climbing, exploring caves, riding elephants in the jungle. This country is a real find for adventure lovers.

Despite the true tradition of Laos, the attitude to the tourism industry is very serious here, although there are really few tourists, which gives this country a special charm and attractiveness. AT tourist centers countries - Luang Prabang and Vientiane - hotels of the most different levels- from economical to high-class luxury hotels. Restaurants of traditional Laotian and Thai, as well as international cuisine with a strong influence of French culinary traditions, open their doors to their visitors every day. The service, although it seems a bit slow, which fully reflects the mentality of the local population, is in fact distinguished by amazing responsiveness, attentiveness and courtesy. The inhabitants of Laos are extremely hospitable and friendly, and smiles and peace reign around.

Fans of unusual shopping will find many interesting handicrafts in Laos at very reasonable prices. These are various souvenirs made of wood, leather, carving, natural silk, embroidery, wicker furniture, silver, traditional clothes and much more.

A trip to will become one of the most vivid tourist experiences, it will not disappoint and will not leave indifferent even the most sophisticated traveler. This country, which is impossible not to fall in love at first sight. It should be noted that Laos is perfect for visiting as part of combined tour with other countries - for example, with Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, which will add a special flavor to the trip, make it even more diverse and unforgettable.

Laos is one of the most amazing and at the same time almost completely unfamiliar countries. We know much more about Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand or China bordering on it. Laos is shrouded in mystery. Until 1988, the entry of tourists into the country was prohibited, so to learn Magic world We started Laos not so long ago.

Less than ten years ago, this country was more or less unknown to travelers, however, in the past few years, Laos has become more accessible to foreign tourists. Visa prices have dropped and entry restrictions have been lifted almost completely. Although, in essence, it is a very poor country, it is extremely beautiful, and its people are hospitable and kind. You will be convinced of this by visiting the graceful colonial capital of Laos - Vientiane (Vientiane), the ancient Khmer temples in Champasak and the ancient mountain kingdom of Luang Prabang (Luang Prabang).




Laos is located in Southeast Asia, in the center of the Indochinese Peninsula. In the 14th-17th centuries, there was the state of Lan Xang or the "Kingdom of Millions of Elephants". In 1893, these lands passed into the possession of France and became part of French Indochina. In the 50s of the 20th century, the communists came to power in northern Laos, in 1975 they completely subjugated Laos.




Laos has three distinct seasons, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.

The best time to visit the country is the cool season, between November and February. By November, the rains are usually over, all the rivers are navigable and the roads are passable.

The hot season, from March to May, can be very dry, but in mid-April, when the New Year, from April 14th - 16th, accommodation can be difficult to find.

During the rainy season, from June to October, nature is at its most beautiful and lush.




Most popular species leisure in Laos were mountain biking, rafting, visiting caves, trekking, traveling along the Mekong.

The bicycle is a very popular means of transportation in Laos. By renting it, for example, in Vientiane or Luang Prabang, you can easily get to all the main attractions of the city and its surroundings on your own. Mountain biking is an opportunity to get to know the natural landscape of the country.

There are many rafting routes in Laos. For example, in the Vientiane region on the Nam Lik and Nam Ngum rivers. North of the capital at a very picturesque places flowing Nam Song. In the Luang Namtha area, the Nam Na River is interesting, along the banks of which there are small picturesque villages. One of the most difficult routes the Nam Fa river is considered to be the one with the most rapids.

Laos is a paradise for speleologists. Between Vientiane and Luang Prabang there is a place called Vang Vieng. The most visited here are the well-lit cave Tham Chang, 2 km from the city center, Tham Phapouae to the north of Vang Vieng, which is very long and very narrow in places, Tham Poukham to the south of the city, on the opposite bank of the river, inside it there is a statue sleeping Buddha. 12 km from Vang Vieng there is Tham Xang or Elephant Cave, so named because one of the stalactites in it has the shape of an elephant's head. Inside there are many statues of the Buddha, the imprint of his foot, as well as a small natural pool in which you can swim.

Mekong - main river countries. A walk along it will allow you to admire the rich nature, get acquainted with the life local residents. Turning late in the evening on Don Khon - one of the islands on the river, you can admire the dolphins (unless, of course, the trip falls between December and May).




Tours in Laos


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Laos, the full name of the Lao People's Democratic Republic is a state in southeast Asia with the capital Vientiane. It borders Thailand to the west, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the south, China's Yunnan province to the north, and Myanmar to the northwest.




Flag Coat of arms President Bunnyang Vorachit Capital Vientiane Official language Laotian Largest cities Vientiane, Pakse, Savannakhet, Luang Prabang Form of government One-party republic President Bunnyang Vorachit Vice President Phankham Vibhawan Prime Minister Thonglun Sisulit





Population The population of the Democratic Republic in 2013 was 6.77 million; share of urban population 33%; the population growth rate in years will be 1.3%, life expectancy will be 66 years for men and 69 years for women According to the average forecast, the population of the country by 2100 will be 11.6 million people. A significant part of the population is concentrated along the Mekong River and, in particular, near the capital. Mountainous areas in the north and east of the country are sparsely populated. 95% of the country's population lives along the border with Thailand.





Administrative division Laos is divided into 16 provinces (Khwang), a metropolitan prefecture and a metropolitan municipality. The provinces are divided into 140 districts made up of communes.





Geography Laos is landlocked. The territory of Laos is covered with dense forests, the landscape consists of low hills and mountains; the point with the highest elevation Bia (2830 m). The Mekong River flows along the border of Laos with Thailand and Myanmar, the border with Vietnam is separated by the Truong Son Mountains. Laos is a predominantly mountainous country. The climate is subequatorial monsoon, characterized by the division of the year into two seasons, the summer rainy period of the monsoons from May to October and the winter dry period from November to April Very major cities there is none in Laos, except for the capital Vientiane. Others comparatively big cities Luang Prabang (50 thousand), Savannakhet (since 2005 Kayson Phomvihan) (70 thousand) and Pakse (90 thousand inhabitants).





Foreign trade Laos exports ($1.4 billion in 2008) timber, coffee, electricity, tin, copper, gold. The main buyers are Thailand (35.4%), Vietnam (15.5%) and China (8.5%). Imports ($2.3 billion in 2008) industrial products, fuel, consumer goods. The main suppliers are Thailand (68.3%), China (10.4%), Vietnam (5.8%). The smuggling trade in opium was estimated to have reached $4 million a year in the 1960s.





Laos is the edge harsh mountains and fertile river valleys. The lands along the banks of the rivers, suitable for irrigated agriculture, have long been inhabited and mastered by man, and the inhabitants of the mountain slopes and peaks have to win back land, burning the forest for crops. The mountainous nature of the relief predetermines the isolation of individual regions of Laos and makes it difficult for them to communicate with the outside world. The most inaccessible and underdeveloped part of the country is Northern Laos. The rocky mountains, cut by deep gorges, reach a height of 2000 m here. The mountains, which have undergone severe erosion, are composed mainly of limestone, clay and crystalline schists. The Pu Kum Ridge (2000 m) in the northwest of Laos forms the natural Khammuan, interesting as an area of ​​\u200b\u200bclassic karst relief. In the east, the plateau passes into the Chyong Son Mountains, ancient, heavily destroyed, dissected into separate blocky massifs. Some passes, such as Ailau and Mu-Gia, lie at an altitude of only about 400 m. Max Height mountains in Central Laos 2286 m. The western slopes of the plateau of Central Laos descend in gentle steps to the Mekong valley. Here, south of the Khammuan Plateau, the vast Savannakhet Valley stands out with flooded rice fields. In Southern Laos, the main granary of the country, the Truong Son Mountains pass in ledges into low, but rather steep plateaus, surrounded by alluvial fertile lowlands in river valleys. highest height(1200 m) reaches the Boloven plateau, composed of sandstones and basalts.





Minerals of Laos Laos has significant reserves of a number of minerals. Currently, deposits of tin ore (metal content up to 60%) have been explored. It is estimated that iron ore reserves (magnetite and hematite with a metal content of up to 60–65%) in Laos account for two-thirds of all resources in Southeast Asia. Deposits of copper ore, coal, lead, zinc, antimony, gypsum, manganese, limestone, potash, table salt, platinum, precious stones (sapphires, rubies, etc.) have also been explored. Alluvial placers of gold and silver are numerous. The development of deposits of tin ore, gold, precious stones is underway.





The climate of Laos The climate of Laos is tropical, monsoonal. The regime and direction of the winds determine a clear change of two seasons: dry, cool from November to April, when cold northern and northeastern monsoons invade from the continent with almost no precipitation, and humid, hot from May to October, when warm air masses from indian ocean bring with them tropical downpours and high temperatures.





Vegetable world Laos More than half of the entire territory of the country is occupied by forests. The slopes of the mountains of Northern Laos are covered with evergreen subtropical forests, which are replaced at an altitude of 1500 m by mixed oak, pine, chestnut. The plateaus of Central and Southern Laos are dominated by light monsoon deciduous forests. Tropical rainforests are characteristic of the valleys of Southern Laos and the Truong Son Mountains. Valuable and rare species of trees have been preserved in virgin forests: pink, black, sandalwood, iron. Teak forests occupy a significant area in northwestern Laos, along the Mekong; on the Xiangkhuang, Khammuan and Boloven plateaus, a beautiful drill pine grows. In addition to valuable wood, forests also provide varnishes and resins.





Animal world Laos The fauna of Laos is extremely diverse and unique, there are still preserved "many species of animals that have already been exterminated in other countries. In Laos, species of animals characteristic of tropical and temperate climates are combined. Numerous monkeys (gibbons, macaques) and also predators: tiger, marble panther, Tibetan bear, palm marten in palm thickets, marsh lynx in valleys and mountain gorges.Big ungulates are wild banteng and gayal bulls, wild boars.Cobra snakes, pythons, etc. live in forests.There are many parrots, peacocks, ducks.In South and partly in North Laos there are significant herds of elephants.Many of these animals are of commercial importance.Hunting is prohibited only for elephants, they are tamed and used to carry goods.