Livadia - resort village, which cascades down to the Black Sea from the slope of Mount Mogabi, and its territory has already become part of the seaside port city of Yalta (3 km west of Yalta). The population of Livadia is 2.5 thousand people.

Livadia is one of the most visited places on the southern coast of Crimea. Tourists are invited here by the famous new Big White Livadia Palace Museum, which is known as the summer residence of the family of Emperor Nicholas II of Russia and the venue for the February 1945 Crimean (Yalta) Conference.

Photos of the Livadia Palace.

Livadia Palace is surrounded by a magnificent park, counting its landscape history since 1834. This oldest palace park on the southern coast of Crimea was laid out for Count Lev Pototsky by the famous gardener-decorator Delinger, who skillfully entered the lush subtropical vegetation into the local color of the Crimean pines, beeches, oaks and plane trees. In summer, the palace park appears before its guests in all its glory: intricate flower beds, rose gardens and green lawns, numerous gazebos and marble benches, amazing fountains, sculptures and openwork arches entwined with wisteria.

Today in the Livadia palace and park ensemble includes:

• Big White Livadia Palace;
• Palace Church (Exaltation of the Cross);
• Palace of the court minister (Baron Frederiks);
• Page (Svitsky) corps;
• Livadia Park (40 hectares) is one of the oldest parks in the South Coast, founded more than 180 years ago under the third owner of Livadia, the Polish magnate Count L.S. Pototsky.

Summits (YES) of the Yalta International Strategy have been held in the Livadia Palace since 2004.

The Solnechnaya (Tsar's) trail, about 7 km long, begins in the park.

You can get to Livadia by minibuses going west from Yalta or scheduled buses. From Primorsky Park you can walk past the winery and vineyards, the Chernomorye and Rossiya sanatoriums.

In Livadia, on the territory of the palace and park complex, there is currently a sanatorium "Livadia" of a cardiological profile (7 bedrooms and 3 medical buildings). Today, building No. 3 is located in the construction of the palace complex (Pagesky).

History of Livadia.

In ancient times, these lands attracted the Taurians, Greeks, and Byzantines. Only at the end of the 18th century did a curious Greek name appear - Livadia, when Lambros Katsonis (commander of the Greek battalion in Balaklava) bought the land and built an estate near Yalta.

After his death, the new commander of the Balaklava battalion Theodosius Revelioti became the successor, who sold the estate in Livadia to Count L.S. Pototsky in 1834.

The first owner of the palace in Livadia was Count Potocki, who ordered the architect K. Ashliman to build a manor house, outbuildings and premises for servants. In 1860, Tsar Alexander II bought Livadia from his daughters along with a park, a wine cellar and a vineyard of 19 hectares. Alexander II bought this property for his wife, Empress Maria Alexandrovna. She suffered from tuberculosis and the doctors recommended to her the healing air of the southern coast of Crimea. Pototsky's house did not suit the new owner, so the court architect I.A. was called from St. Petersburg. Monighetti, who rebuilt Potocki's manor house into the Grand and Small Palaces (1862-1866).

Livadia has been the royal summer residence since 1866. The new royal possessions occupied an area of ​​225 hectares and 60 buildings appeared in different styles: the Small Palace, with its interior decoration and appearance, resembled the Bakhchisaray Palace; the court Exaltation of the Cross Church was built in the Byzantine style; belfry was located nearby. Greenhouses, houses for the retinue, stables, and kitchens were built.

The Grand Palace of Alexander II in historical documents is now called the "Old Grand Palace».

During the reign of Alexander III, a marble column was installed in the royal Livadia estate, brought from the Ruschuk fortress on the Danube as a memory of the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878. After the death of Emperor Alexander III in 1894, Livadia was inherited by Nicholas II.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the Old Palace fell into disrepair. A special commission was created, which decided not to restore, but to completely demolish the Old Palace and build the New Big White Livadia Palace in its place.

The Big White Livadia Palace (by Emperor Nicholas II) is the main attraction of the Livadia resort.

The well-known Yalta architect Nikolai Petrovich Krasnov supervised the construction of the palace for Nicholas II. The new Livadia Palace was built in record time: in just less than seventeen months. The area of ​​the palace is 6 thousand square meters. meters (more than 100 separate rooms were designed).

Spacious, comfortable and very beautiful building, built of Inkerman white limestone, organically fit into the local landscape and greenery of the park. The grandeur of the palace is successfully combined with the comfort of a country house.

Elements of Arabic, Byzantine and gothic architecture complement the main style of the building - the style of the Italian Renaissance. Marble columns, galleries and graceful arcades decorated with the finest stone carvings, arched windows add airiness and lightness to the palace.

Italian patio- the most beautiful and refined corner of the palace. It is surrounded on all four sides by a spacious gallery in which you can comfortably sit and sit in the shade on marble sofas with carved backs and outlandish armrests in the form of griffins. Openwork forged gates, palm trees and columns complete the ensemble of the Italian courtyard. Forged gates were made by Italian craftsmen in 1750 and taken out of Verona to decorate the Livadia Palace.

The entrance to the Livadia Palace opens with a portico and facade massive oak doors with Carrara marble overlays, made by Italian craftsmen according to the sketches of the architect Krasnov. Right above the front door at the base of the arch in a niche flaunts the coat of arms of the Romanov dynasty with the motto "God with us" carved on it.

The ceremonial halls on the ground floor are decorated in the style of the Italian Renaissance with an openwork stucco ceiling passing into the upper parts of the walls, arched windows and marble fireplaces - a tribute to the fashion of the early 20th century. Tiles and lace work on wood add elegance to the design of the interior decoration of the halls.

Livadia is a resting place for the royal family, so there are only five front rooms in the palace: the Vestibule, the Sofa Room, the English Billiard Room, the Emperor's Study and the Dining Room (White Hall).

In total, the family of Nicholas II visited the palace 4 times. They usually came here for several months in spring and autumn. At the end of May 1914, Nicholas II said goodbye to Livadia in the hope of coming here in the fall, but as a result of the events in Europe in 1914, the Russian emperor failed to return to Livadia on the southern coast of Crimea.

After the revolution of 1917 and the formation of the USSR, Livadia began to gradually turn into one of the centers of sanatorium and resort treatment of the South Coast.

From November 1941 to April 1944, Livadia was occupied by the Nazi troops. During the Great Patriotic War, the German commandant's office was located in the Grand Livadia Palace. The Small Palace and buildings of Soviet sanatoriums were destroyed. During the retreat of the Germans, Field Marshal von Manstein ordered to blow up a number of strategic facilities and three palaces: Livadia, Massandra and Vorontsovsky in Alupka. Reinforced, fast offensive Soviet troops prevented the implementation of enemy plans and now we can admire these magnificent works of architecture and art.

From February 4 to February 11, 1945, the USSR Delegation received in the Livadia Palace the heads of the powers of the anti-Hitler coalition at the plenary sessions of the Crimean (Yalta) conference. The meetings of the delegations of the Yalta Conference were held in the White Hall of the Palace (front Dining Room). This meeting of the heads of the delegations of the "Big Three" (I.V. Stalin, F.D. Roosevelt, W. Churchill) is reminiscent of a memorial plaque to the left of the entrance to the palace.

On July 16, 1974, the Big Livadia Yard - Museum was opened for tourists with two departments:

• Historical memorial. These are the main halls, where the exposition "Crimean (Yalta) Conference of 1945" is presented;
• Exhibition. The second floor is occupied by the exposition "The Romanovs in Livadia".

Sights of Livadia.

Holy Cross Church.

Holy Cross Church was built in 1872. The interiors of the temple were created by the artist Isello, the icons were painted by academician Beideman. The most famous icon of Baydeman, "The Exaltation of the Holy Cross", was flooded and damaged by water, and then the famous master A. Salviatti created a mosaic instead of the icon.

Emperor Alexander III, who died in Livadia, was buried in this temple. It was in this church that the wife of the last emperor of Russia, Nicholas II, converted to Orthodoxy. Services in the temple have been resumed since 1991.

Solar (Royal) path.

Sunny (former Royal) Path. This is a horizontal path 6711 meters long, which began its history under A.M. Romanov. The trail has no lifts and runs almost at the same level (height 133-200 meters above sea level). The solar path connects Livadia (sanatorium "Livadia") with Gaspra (sanatorium "Yasnaya Polyana" and children's sanatorium"Rosa Luxenburg") and passes through Oreanda. Near the sanatorium "Livadia" there are "Sundial" and the scheme of the Tsar's path. About halfway up is the Rotunda. Rest places have been created on the trail, sculptural compositions and pointers.

The Tsar's Path is a unique and interesting hiking route.

Center for Organ Music "Livadia"

Simultaneously with the construction of the Grand Livadia Palace in 1910-1911, a power plant was being built, which was supposed to generate electricity for the whole of Livadia. This building was built using an experimental method (sliding formwork). The work was supervised by the architect G.P. Gushchin. After the revolution, the building housed: a canteen, a club, a camp for German prisoners of war.

Restoration of the building of the former royal power plant began in the 90s of the 20th century. The structure has been transformed, becoming harmonious architectural ensemble, and in the northern part was supplemented with a special annex for the organ.

Today it flaunts in white and beige tones, and its interior consists of numerous colored stained-glass windows, hundreds of decorative stucco elements of the ceiling and walls, forged openwork metal fences.

The large organ was built in 1998 by organist Vladimir Anatolyevich Khromchenko, who made his dream come true by manually building a wonderful-sounding organ from 4,800 pipes divided into 69 registers. Local varieties of trees (beech, oak, cypress, pine, pistachio, palms) were skillfully used by the project manager in the construction of the organ.

Today smart big organ Hall invites everyone to daily organ music concerts: secular and spiritual.

Wine Museum.

The Wine Museum in Livadia keeps a wide variety of wines: from old samples to rare young wines. Tourists can enjoy the gifts of the god Bacchus.
Port wine red "Livadia" - the favorite wine of the royal family of Nicholas II.
The fruity bouquet of wines is very interesting: white Muscat Livadia and pink Muscat Yuzhnoberezhny.

Waterfall "Uchan-Su".

The waterfall "Uchan-Su", which means "Flying Water", is located near Livadia (7 km from Yalta). This bewitching view of the flow of water fascinates all tourists without exception, because you can look at the play of water ... endlessly.

Geography

It is located 3 km southwest of Yalta. Central regions Livadia is located on the eastern slope of Mount Mogabi, in a southwestern direction from Yalta, the height of the center of the village above sea level is 141 m. The main attraction of Livadia is the Livadia Palace. The area of ​​the village is 174.9 hectares.

The Yalta - Sevastopol highway passes through the village.

One of the warmest places in Crimea - see Southern Coast of Crimea. The climate is completely similar to the climate of Yalta - there are no significant differences.

Story

The environs of Livadia have been inhabited since at least the Bronze Age (3rd millennium BC). The remains of a large pottery complex, a medieval settlement with a temple and a burial ground confirm that people lived here in the Middle Ages. On the Khachla-Kayasi rock in Oreanda, the ruins of a castle of the 10th-12th centuries have been preserved.

At the same time, two manor houses, a church, residential and utility rooms were built in Livadia. On 40 acres of land, a park was laid out with valuable species of subtropical plants (evergreen myrtles, laurels, cedars, pines, magnolias, Crimean pines), fountains and statues made by Italian masters; an orchard was laid out, a greenhouse was built, and water supply was installed. According to "List of populated places of the Tauride province according to the data of 1864", compiled according to the results of the VIII revision of 1864, Livadia is Her Imperial Majesty's own dacha, with 30 courtyards, 140 inhabitants, two palaces, Orthodox Church, a telegraph office and a park with greenhouses with nameless springs .

In 1859, there were 30 households in Livadia, 140 people lived. In 1860, Livadia was acquired by the royal family. Already in 1862-1866, under the leadership of the court architect I. Monighetti, Potocki's house was rebuilt into a palace. In addition, the Small Palace is being built in oriental style, two churches, houses for the retinue, employees and workers of the estate. In total, about 60 houses were built or rebuilt here.

In 1863, a new water supply system was built on the estate, and for the preservation of water supplies, a reservoir for 700 thousand buckets was built. In 1869, a dairy farm was established on the estate, fruit orchards, greenhouses were expanded, greenhouses were built, and a garden was planted. Since 1873, a hospital has functioned here, since 1868 - elementary School. Since the mid-1870s, the Livadia weather station has been constantly monitoring atmospheric phenomena and water sources. In the early 1890s, a telephone communications between Livadia and other Crimean estates. After the construction of the government telephone network in Yalta, the estate was connected to it.

Livadia became the summer residence of the Russian emperor. Since 1875, outsiders were forbidden to travel along the Yalta-Sevastopol highway. And under Alexander III, outsiders were strictly forbidden to enter Livadia as well.

Starting from 1910, construction in Livadia was carried out even more intensively. The Grand Palace was built. At the same time, the entire economic and technical base of the estate was updated, a power plant, an ice plant, a garage were built, and a winter theater was erected.

One of the main organizers of the palace was its managing chamberlain Vladimir Nikolaevich Kachalov (1864-1942).

After the October Revolution of 1917, the establishments of the Ministry of Agriculture of the overthrown Provisional Government moved to the estate. On January 16, 1918, Soviet power was established in Livadia. On April 30, 1918, German troops occupied Livadia and plundered the palaces. In November 1918, the Germans were replaced by the Anglo-French invaders and the Whites.

After the re-establishment of Soviet power, in November 1920 the estate was nationalized, and the Livadia winery was established on its lands. At the end of 1924, Livadia with a forest and a park was included in the resort fund, in the summer of 1925 a peasant sanatorium for 300 people was opened here, which in 1931 was transformed into a climatic treatment plant. In the 1930s, new sanatoriums were built in the village: the People's Commissariat of the USSR, Soyuzkurort - "Udarnik", VTsSPS-2, in which more than 1600 people rested. The status of the town - since 1939

Resort

• The resort complex "Livadia", consisting of 3 4 * hotels: SPA-hotel "Livadia", Art-hotel "Azor" and Boarding house "Grintsovsky".

Notes

1. This settlement is located on the territory of the Crimean peninsula, most of which is the object of territorial disputes between Russia, which controls the disputed territory, and Ukraine, within whose borders the disputed territory is recognized by the international community. According to the federal structure of Russia, on disputed territory Crimea are the subjects of the Russian Federation - the Republic of Crimea and the city of federal significance Sevastopol. According to the administrative division of Ukraine, the regions of Ukraine are located in the disputed territory of Crimea - the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city with a special status of Sevastopol.
2. According to Russia's position
3. According to the position of Ukraine
4. On establishing the boundaries of the urban-type settlements of Vinogradnoe, Kurpaty, Livadia, Oreanda, the settlements of Gornoe and Kuibyshevo of the Livadia settlement council (Yalta) of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (indefinite) . Retrieved March 25, 2016.
5. Socio-economic passport of the city district of Yalta as of 01/01/2017
6. Order of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of Russia "On Amendments to the Russian System and the Numbering Plan, approved by Order of the Ministry of Information Technologies and Communications of the Russian Federation No. 142 dated November 17, 2006" (indefinite) . Ministry of Communications of Russia. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
7. New telephone codes of Crimean cities (indefinite) . Krymtelecom. Date of treatment July 24, 2016. Archived from the original on May 6, 2016.
8. Livadia (indefinite) . Photo planet. Retrieved 25 December 2014.
9. Topographic map of the Crimean peninsula. Military topographic depot. (indefinite) . EtoMesto.ru (1842). Retrieved March 29, 2016.
10. Treasure Peninsula. Story. Yalta (indefinite) . Retrieved 24 May 2013.

(ancient Λεβάδεια) - mountains. in central Greece, west of Lake Kopaisa. 6465 inhabitants, lively trade. In ancient times, L. was famous for the oracle of Zeus Trophonius (cf. Göttling, "Narratio de oraculo Trophonii", Jena, 1843); especially flourished during the Latin duchy of Athens (1205-1458). During Turkish rule, Central Greece was called province L.

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"Livadia, city" in books

Stalinskaya Livadia

author Khrushchev Sergey Nikitich

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From the book How to cook at home confectionery and other products from flour, sweet dishes, jam, juices and supplies for the winter author Danilenko Mikhail Pavlovich

Livadia for kings and people

From the book Bakhchisaray and the palaces of Crimea the author Gritsak Elena

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Livadia (settlement of a city type in the Crimean region)

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The village of Livadia is located on the South Shore Crimean peninsula, on the Black Sea coast. In the northeast it borders on the city of Yalta, in the southwest - on the village of Oreanda. Livadia is conditionally separated from Yalta and Oreanda. Traveling on foot, define the end of one locality and the beginning of another is possible only by pointers. The Yalta-Sevastopol highway passes over the village of Livadia. You can get to Livadia by fixed-route taxi from the Yalta bus station, which runs through the entire city, or, if you are coming from Sevastopol, then 3.4 km before reaching the city of Yalta.

Geographical coordinates of the village of Livadia on the map of Crimea GPS N44°28′15, E34°08′40.

The climate in Livadia subtropical. average temperature sea ​​+22C. The average air temperature is +26C in summer.

The name of the village Livadia comes from the ancient Greek word that sounds like "Livadi", translated as "meadow", "lawn". With the annexation of Crimea to Russian Empire at the end of the 18th century, the historical name of Livadia was returned to the village. Since then, the name has remained unchanged.

The population of the village of Livadia is about 1100 people, during the summer season the village receives an average of about 30 thousand vacationers, in winter time especially popular in new year holidays, about 3-4 thousand people.

The main employment of the population of the village is associated with the tourism business, despite the fact that most of the service personnel come from the mainland, there is a constant shortage of personnel in the service sector.

Infrastructure of the village of Livadia developed since the time of tsarist Russia, for almost two centuries the village has been a health resort and a large number of tourists. In the village there are a large number of boarding houses, sanatoriums, hotels, and of course a large offer of apartments in the private sector. If you are planning to settle in Livadia in the summer, then it is advisable to take care of this in the spring, usually at the beginning of summer there is already a reservation until September. There are many shops, pharmacies, markets, bars, restaurants in the village, but round-the-clock work is rare here, so most vacationers in the evening go to the promenade in Yalta to the promenade or have a good time on the summer terrace by the sea, with a glass of wonderful Crimean wine.
In the evening, the village is very quiet and calm, only occasionally noisy companies returning from Livadiyskaya embankment or Yalta disturb the peace of the night, most vacationers live according to the regime of boarding houses and sanatoriums.

In the village of Livadia, a large number of entertainment, bicycle or scooter rental, tennis courts, volleyball and basketball courts, mini football fields, gyms, all this is located on the territory of the sanatoriums, but you will always be welcome for a nominal fee.

The villages of Livadia are pebbly, equipped with showers and changing cabins, you can rent umbrellas, sun loungers and water mattresses and circles for children. There are cafes on the embankment where you can have a bite to eat after a water exercise, you can also have a serious lunch. From 12-00 to 16-00 in restaurants there are usually promotions and discounts. The choice in food is completely different, from fast food to Crimean cuisine, but almost everywhere you can order the best Crimean wines for every taste. One of the recommendations about wines, try not to take them for bottling from barrels in spontaneous markets and small shops, it is better to purchase a corked bottle with an intact excise stamp, this is a guarantee of your well-being and a guarantee to enjoy such a wonderful drink. It is better to buy vegetables and fruits in markets or organized trading floors, firstly, the prices will be much lower, and secondly, the goods do not stale for a long time and are always fresh. And in the Crimea there are a lot of temptations, peaches and plums, melons and watermelons, honey and grapes, such as in the Crimea, you probably will not buy anywhere else.

Sights of the village of Livadia
The sights of Livadia are known to the whole world, the most beautiful and included in world history can be distinguished. It hosted the fateful meeting of Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill, went down in history as the Yalta Conference, which discussed the boundaries of states in Europe and spheres of influence. Of course, it is impossible to overestimate the importance of the meeting, but in addition to this event, one should not forget about the beauty of the Livadia Palace, which is perhaps one of the most beautiful palaces in Europe and Asia.

Around The Livadia Palace has a wonderful park, with beautiful alleys, shady benches, arches, ornamental shrubs. There are about 325 species of plants in the park, it is landscape monument garden art end of the 19th century.

From the Tsar's path originates, its name came from the fact that members of the Romanov family, being in the Crimea very often, made a walk along it in the morning, sometimes even to its peak, which is located on Mount Krestovaya. The second name of the trail is Solnechnaya.

Not far from the Palace is one of beautiful buildings in the village - was built in 1911 and is the center of art in the village of Livadia. and much more. The boat trip itself will be unforgettable, but the views from the sea will forever remain in your heart and on your cameras and cameras. Scrolling through the pictures at home, you will certainly remember these happy moments with a warm smile, with nostalgia in your eyes and with a burning desire to return to Crimea next summer with friends and a noisy company.

The village of Livadia on the map of Crimea

The section is very easy to use. In the proposed field, just enter the desired word, and we will give you a list of its meanings. I would like to note that our site provides data from various sources - encyclopedic, explanatory, word-building dictionaries. Here you can also get acquainted with examples of the use of the word you entered.

The meaning of the word livadia

livadia in the crossword dictionary

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998

livadia

an urban-type settlement in the Crimea, on the Black Sea, 3 km southwest of Yalta. 1.9 thousand inhabitants (1991). Seaside climatic resort. Landscape park (since 1834). B. Livadia Palace (1910-11). Location of the Crimean Conference in 1945.

Livadia

Livadia- an urban-type settlement on the southern coast of Crimea. Included in the urban district of Yalta of the Republic of Crimea (according to the administrative-territorial division - the Yalta City Council of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the center of the Livadia Council).

Livadia (Nakhodka)

Livadia- a remote microdistrict of the city of Nakhodka, located on the shores of Vostok Bay. It is located near the Gaydamak Bay, which is why it got its original name. Included in the city of Nakhodka in 2004.

The name was given according to the latitude (in fact, about 1 ° 40 ′ to the south, that is, ≈ 185 km) of the village of the same name in the Crimea. Geographical coordinates: .

The road to the Livadia microdistrict goes south from the 126th kilometer of the Uglovoe - Nakhodka highway (from the vicinity of the village of Dushkino).

On the highway from Livadia to Vladivostok, there is the A188 highway, along which every day at 4:30 in the morning there is a direct bus to Vladivostok (506). Distance 154 kilometers.

The population of the village according to the 2002 census was 13 thousand inhabitants.

According to data, in 2014, about 18 thousand people lived here.

In October 2011, the village celebrated its 100th anniversary.

About 30 thousand tourists come here every year.

Livadia (disambiguation)

Livadia:

• Livadia - resort village in the Crimea, from 1860 to 1917 - the summer imperial residence (see Livadia Palace)
• "Livadia" - a wine-making enterprise in the Crimea, founded in 1920 on the territory imperial estates"Livadia" and "Oreanda"
• "Livadia" - wheeled imperial yacht (1873-1878)
• "Livadia" - steam imperial yacht (1880)
• "Livadia" - a pleasure garden in the New Village of St. Petersburg, owned by I. Ya. Setov
• Livadia - a village on the shores of Vostok Bay, since 2004 - part of the city of Nakhodka
• Livadia - a village in the Serebryano-Prudsky district of the Moscow region

Livadia (yacht, 1880)

"Livadia"(since 1883 - "Experience") - a steam imperial yacht with an elliptical hull.

Livadia (yacht, 1873)

"Livadia"- Black Sea wheeled imperial yacht, operated in 1873-1878. The only one of the imperial yachts that directly participated in the hostilities and the only one who died in a shipwreck.

Livadia (wine enterprise)

State enterprise "Livadia" previously Vinsovkhoz "Livadia", State farm-factory "Livadia"- wine-making enterprise of primary and secondary winemaking, established in 1920. The enterprise is part of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise PJSC "Massandra".

Examples of the use of the word livadia in the literature.

And at the same time Livadia Backfire-Long, a former stripper, a mummer, a gunner, a kept woman in a black den, a convict, a fugitive, felt like herself - a mulatto beauty who had passed through fires and waters, loved and loving, kind and gentle, intolerant and believing.

And it wasn't Livadia Backfire, a criminal, the owner of a brothel, an escaped convict, she was a servant of Beelzebub himself.

While they communicated with the outside world in this way, all Livadia turned over in search of the missing.

Under his care were Gatchina, Peterhof, two large palaces in Tsarskoye Selo, Anichkov and Winter Palace in St. Petersburg and Livadia in Crimea.

But Liva, after the first contact with her, ceased to be Livadia Backfire Long.