Where are the 7 wonders of the world located. Seven Wonders of the World

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SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD- the most famous monuments of sculpture and architecture, described by ancient historians and travelers, incl. "father of history" Herodotus (b. c. 484 - d. c. 425 BC) in Stories. This number includes: the ancient Egyptian pyramids (3 thousand BC), “ hanging gardens» Semiramis in Babylon (7th century BC), the mausoleum in Halicarnassus (mid-4th century BC), the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus ( Asia Minor, OK. 550 BC), Colossus of Rhodes (statue of Helios on the island of Rhodes, c. 292–280 BC), statue of Zeus in Olympia (Greece, c. 430 BC), lighthouse on about. Pharos in Alexandria (Egypt, 3rd century BC).

Only the pyramids have survived almost completely to this day.

Near the city of Hilla in Iraq are the ruins of vaulted structures: apparently, "hanging gardens" were broken on their roofs.

The British Museum in London contains fragments of sculpture from the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus (sculptors Skopas, Timothy, Briaxis, Leohar). From the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus (Ionian dipter), rebuilt by architect. Cheirocrates, the foundations have been preserved.

Other "wonders of the world" are known only from images and descriptions.

ancient egyptian pyramids

- buildings for the burial of the pharaohs, evidence of the high engineering art of 3 thousand BC, are located in Giza, near Cairo. In ancient times, all three pyramids were considered a “miracle”: Cheops (Khufu), Khafre (Khafre), Mikerin (Menkaure). The largest was built for Pharaoh Cheops. Its height is 137.2 m (originally 146.6 m), the length of each side at the base is 230.38 m, it is composed of 2,340,000 limestone blocks, each of which weighed more than 50 centners and was supported by its own weight, without any fastenings. . During the construction, primitive tools were used (diorite hammers, copper saws and axes, tools made of polished stone), but the blocks were so skillfully processed that the gaps between them did not exceed 0.5 mm. Outside, the pyramid was lined with white polished limestone and seemed to be a single monolith, the entrance was walled up. Inside, there is an extensive network of passages, some leading to the pharaoh's burial chamber, others leading to traps. In one of the chambers inside the pyramid (10.6 × 5.7 m), the pharaoh's sarcophagus made of red granite has been preserved.

The second largest is the pyramid of Khafre, whose height is 136 m (originally 143.5 m). Around the pyramids there were burials of the wives of the pharaohs, close ones, temples, a Sphinx carved from a whole rock with the face of the pharaoh.

Hanging Gardens of Babylon.

Mausoleum in Halicarnassus.

The Colossus of Rhodes.

The inhabitants of Rhodes decided to erect a monument in honor of the victory of 304 BC. over the Macedonian king Demetrius I. Approx. 290 BC at the entrance to the port of Rhodes, a giant statue of the sun god Helios, the patron saint of the island, was installed, called the colossus (Greek kolossos - big statue) Rhodian. The sculptor Chares from the Rhodes city of Lind, a student of Lysippus, cast in bronze an almost 40-meter statue, decorated with the inscription: “The colossus you are looking at, 80 cubits high (c. 32 m) was created by Chares, born in Linda.” The image of this statue has not been preserved, so there are many assumptions about how it looked. The most reliable are two: the statue could stand in the harbor, the god Helios, depicted in full growth, held a torch in his hands, ships sailed between his widely spaced legs; the statue could stand in the center of the city on a high marble pedestal, raising its right hand to its forehead, peering into the distance.

According to Pliny's story, 500 talents of bronze (13 tons) and 300 talents of iron (7.8 tons) were spent to make the statue. The colossus was cast in parts, which were raised with the help of earthen mounds. The basis for the statue was stone blocks fastened with iron. The face and crown with seven rays were gilded. The construction of the Colossus lasted 12 years, and it lasted about 60 years. After 220 BC a devastating earthquake hit the island and the statue crashed to the ground. There have been repeated and unsuccessful attempts to restore the Colossus. But even the fragments lying on the ground caused admiration and amazement. In 977, the Arabs, who captured the island, sold the bronze fragments, which were melted down. So the traces of the famous Colossus, the most short-lived "wonder of the world", were destroyed.

Zeus statue in Olympia.

In Olympia, one of the main sanctuaries of Greece, the architect Libo from Elis built a majestic temple (mid. 5th century BC), dedicated to the god Zeus. The Doric temple, which was larger than all the temples of that time (27.68 × 64.12 m), was built of limestone blocks, decorated with painted marble pediments (on one - an image of the competition between Pelops and Enomai, on the other - the battle of the Lapiths with the centaurs) and metopes (image of the exploits of Hercules). Inside was a statue of Zeus approx. 13 m, made by Phidias c. 430 BC At the foot of the sculpture, an inscription was carved: "The Athenian Phidias, son of Charmides, created me." Zeus sat on a luxurious throne, his upper body was naked, the lower part was draped in a cloak, a wreath of olive tree branches flaunted on his head, in one hand he held the figurine of the goddess of victory - Nike, in the second - a rod topped with an image of an eagle, the sacred bird of Zeus . The sculpture was made in the chryso-elephantine technique (from the Greek "chrysos" - gold, "elephanthinon" - ivory). Plates of gold and ivory were attached to the wooden sculpture: the open parts of the body of Zeus and Nike were made of ivory, the clothes, the wreath were made of gold. The throne was also made of gold and ivory: the back, arms and foot were decorated with ivory reliefs and golden images of gods and goddesses. Zeus's feet were shod in golden sandals and stood on a bench decorated with golden lions.

In 393 the Olympic Games were banned by Emperor Theodosius I as a pagan cult. By that time, according to some reports, the statue had been plundered in parts by robbers. There is a legend that in 475, on the orders of Theodosius II, the statue of Zeus was transported from Olympia to Constantinople and soon died in a fire. Only descriptions of the statue and images on coins have survived.

Alexandrian lighthouse.

In Alexandria, the new capital of Egypt, founded in 332-331 BC. Alexander the Great, were built majestic palace, parks and gardens. Here was the tomb of Alexander the Great, Museion - an institution at the temple of the Muses, where scientists and poets lived, the famous Library of Alexandria, which stored about 500,000 scrolls. Famous mathematicians (Euclid), scientists, doctors, astronomers lived in Alexandria. It was a big Cultural Center that time. In the same place, for the safe approach of ships to the city, the architect Sostratus built Alexandrian lighthouse(c. 280 BC). A huge three-story tower 120 m high was located on east coast about. Pharos. An inscription was carved on the wall of the lighthouse: "Sostratus, the son of Dexifan from Cnidus, dedicated to the gods-saviors for the sake of sailors." Rectangular in plan, the first floor, built of large limestone slabs (the length of each wall is 30.5 m), was oriented to the cardinal points. The second floor - an octagonal tower lined with marble slabs - was oriented in the direction of the eight main winds. This part of the lighthouse was decorated with bronze statues, some of which served as weathercocks that indicated the direction of the wind. The third floor-lantern was round in shape, ended with a dome, on which stood a bronze statue of Poseidon (Zeus), about 7 m high. The dome rested on granite columns. Here the lighthouse fire burned, the light of which was amplified by reflecting it in a system of metal concave mirrors, and was visible from afar. Fuel for the fire was brought up by laden donkeys along a spiral, gentle staircase. The lighthouse also served as a fortress, where a large garrison was located, an observation post to detect the enemy, in the underground part there was a cistern with drinking water in case of a siege.

The lighthouse stood for almost a thousand years, but in 796 it was badly damaged by an earthquake. Later, the Arabs who came to Egypt tried to restore it: until the 14th century. the height of the lighthouse was only about 30 m. At the end of the 15th century. Sultan Kait Bey erected a fortress on the site of the lighthouse, which still stands today.

7 wonders of the world, as well as a description of each of them - incredible structures that have gained fame of the past and present. The uniqueness of each building is associated with the time of construction, loss or wealth and talent of the creator. To date, there are two lists with photos - the ancient wonders of the world and the new ones, which were selected in 2007.

7 wonders of the world, photos and descriptions of which do not convey the beauty of the sights, were designated by two creators. The first mention belongs to the work of Herodotus "History", where he gives the title of a miracle to 3 buildings. An addition to this list was highlighted by Antipater in his own poems.

The Pyramid of Cheops

AT modern times one of the seven wonders of the world, the Pyramid of Cheops, has been preserved. The date of creation falls on 4500 years ago. The pyramid is a pharaoh's tomb with corridors filled with traps and dead ends. It was originally covered in white limestone and topped with a gilded pyramidion (often used to decorate the top of tombs).

In the 12th century, during the burning of Cairo, the pyramid was plundered, the covering was removed, and the stone was lost. The construction is considered the largest in Egypt. Inside the tomb are three crypts located one below the other. The chambers of the King and the Queen have a semblance of ventilation shafts, which are of a religious nature.

7 wonders of the world have survived to this day, not all. The only existing representative is the pyramid of Cheops. Photo and description below.

The Egyptians believed that the soul went through several gates before entering afterworld. Therefore, the ventilation shaft has several doors. At the end of such a "path" there is a small space with signs painted in red ocher, which means the entrance to the afterlife itself.

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

One of the most mysterious wonders is the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, which were built by King Nebuchadnezzar II for his wife. The creation of this miracle is connected with a romantic story. In the struggle against the Assyrians, the kings of Media and Babylon entered into an alliance, reinforcing it with a marriage between Nebuchadnezzar (king of Babylon) and the daughter of the Median king.

The girl yearned for her native flowering country, and for her smile, Nebuchadnezzar ordered the construction of hanging gardens.

But the daughter of the Median king was not called Semiramis. This name belonged to a queen who ruled Assyria 200 years before. They mistakenly believe that Semiramis somehow contacted Nebuchadnezzar. In 126 BC, the miracle was destroyed during the strife with the Persians, without even standing for a century.

Temple of Artemis of Ephesus

According to the legends, Artemis is the goddess of fertility and prosperity. Thanks to her, there was a rich harvest and healthy children. Three sanctuaries were the forerunners of the future wonder of the world. After that, at this place, the inhabitants of Ephesus decided to pay honors to the goddess by erecting an incredible beauty of the temple. Hersiphon became the architect of the project, and Croesus provided funds for the construction.

In the building itself, a statue of ivory and gold was erected. For some time, the temple served as a meeting hall for solving important economic and political issues of Ephesus. There is an opinion that in the 4th century BC two grandiose events happened in one night - Herostratus burned the temple, desiring glory, and at the same moment Alexander the Great was born.

It was the king of Macedonia who subsequently restored the miracle, making it several feet taller. But after 600 years the temple was plundered by the Goths.

Zeus statue in Olympia

Initially, the Olympic Games were dedicated to the god Zeus to demonstrate the willpower and human body. For even greater exaltation of the ruler of the gods, it was decided to build a statue in his honor. The role of the sculptor and creator was given to the Athenian Phidias. In support of this, archaeologists found a bowl that stood in front of a statue with the inscription "Belongs to Phidias."

According to legend, Zeus was created from 200 kg of gold, a mountain of precious stones and wood using a special technique.

During the time of Christianity, all pagan temples were banned, and the internal property was sold for the benefit of the city. There are two versions of the disappearance of the statue of Zeus - during transportation to Constantinople, a fire broke out that destroyed the sculpture. Or it was simply sold due to lack of funds.

mausoleum in Halicarnassus

The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus is a monument in honor of the ruler Mausolus, which was supposed to have a posthumous significance. However, its construction was started by Mausolus' wife before her husband's death. The peculiarity of this building is the unusual style for that time. The mausoleum was made in a square rather than a rectangular shape, and also had at least 330 statues.

The foundation of the building, which was much higher than the analogues of that time, was also unusual. The miracle stood for almost 2000 years, after which it suffered during a strong earthquake. Parts of the debris went to the construction of the fortress of St. Peter.

Alexandrian lighthouse

7 wonders of the world are largely associated with Alexander the Great. On the way to Alexandria Bay, there was a large number of reefs, because of which ships often crashed, and faros lighthouse was of strategic importance. According to the description, the construction was supposed to take 20 years, but everything was completed in 12 years. To date, you can see only a photo of a reproduction of that building.

The building became huge, as for that time, from which it was included in the list of seven wonders of the world. Soldiers lived in the lower part of the lighthouse. A fire burned in the upper cylindrical.

The wonder of the world was doomed to perish during the ruin of the Alexandria Bay. The ships did not enter the port, from which the need for the lighthouse disappeared, and it was empty. About 200 years later, a strong earthquake occurred, which finally destroyed the lighthouse.

The Colossus of Rhodes

The statue of the Colossus of Rhodes was erected in honor of the sun god Helios, who, according to legend, helped to win the battle of Rhodes against Demetrius Poliorcetes. Despite all the military power of the Macedonian king, the city withstood the siege and forced the king to retreat. The inhabitants of Rhodes believed that the island itself was born by Helios, so he later defended it.

To immortalize the god in the form of a giant statue, the sculptor Hares was hired. According to legend, he was first ordered a figure 10 times the height of a person, but then they doubled the volume, paying the same amount. However, more materials were needed, so the sculptor had to complete the construction at his own expense.

To date, a reliable image of the statue has not been preserved, since it stood for only 50 years. It was destroyed due to a strong earthquake and was not restored, since the oracle predicted God's wrath to those who touch the fallen figure of Helios.

New 7 wonders of the world with photos and descriptions

7 wonders of the world (photos and descriptions of them can be seen later in the article) according to the new version were proclaimed during the 2007 project sponsored by the New Open World Corporation. There were elections among the candidates for the most amazing buildings through a simple vote through SMS messages and calls. The result was issued in July 2007 in the capital of Portugal.

The winners were:

Amphitheater Colosseum.
defensive structure The great Wall of China.
Machu Picchu.
lost city Petra (Jordan).
Mosque Taj Mahal.
Modern statue of Christ the Redeemer.
The ruins of the ancient civilizations of the city of Chichen Itza.

Another 14 finalists competed for a place among the wonders of the world. The Pyramid of Cheops was among their number, but did not participate in the vote, as it is the last surviving wonder of the world of the Ancient World.

the great Wall of China

Great Chinese Wall was built as a symbol of the unity and power of the country. It was not built from scratch. The kingdoms of Qin, Zhao, Yan and Wei erected borders to protect against nomadic attacks. In the third century BC, Emperor Qin Shi Huang issued a decree on the need to build a protective wall, which would be called the Great Chinese.

The design included all parts of the pre-existing kingdoms, which were strengthened and supplemented to the whole image.

Managed the ten-year construction of Meng Tian. The construction was difficult to erect due to the lack of roads and food supply. The number of people involved in the construction is not exactly known - from 300 thousand to a million.

Most of them died while working. The following ruling dynasties completed the construction of the Great Wall of China. Most of its surviving part was built during the Ming Dynasty.

Statue of Christ the Redeemer

The history of the Brazilian Statue of Christ the Redeemer is connected with the then approaching centenary of the independence of the state (1922). In honor of this, a fundraiser was announced for the construction of the statue. As a result of the campaign, almost 3 million local currency was collected, including a significant part of the church's funds. Construction lasted 9 years.

The details of the figure were made in France, as its dimensions were too large. The idea of the outstretched arms sketch was in association with the cross. By 1931, the entire statue was transported across railway and assembled into a single figure. It was consecrated only after 34 years.

Over time, Christ the Redeemer was repaired and restored, and in recent years night lighting has been added. The first divine service was held only after the election of the statue as the New Wonder of the World.

Taj Mahal

The Taj Mahal is a mausoleum that was built in honor of Shah Jahan's wife who died in childbirth. Subsequently, the padishah himself was buried there. Inside the mosque itself are the tombs of the ruler and his wife, but the remains themselves are located on an underground level, hidden from the eyes of visitors.

It is considered a pearl of Muslim culture due to the combination of several architectural trends: Indian, Persian and Arabic.

Coliseum

Colosseum is translated from Latin as huge or colossal. Made on the principle of an open amphitheater. In the 1st century, the emperor Nero ruled, who adhered to a despotic policy. After his death and period civil wars Vespasian came to power. He wanted to perpetuate given name, erasing the memory of an unsuccessful predecessor.

The palace of Nero at that time was of enormous size and a lake in the very center of Rome. Vespasian himself remade the palace for his own needs, and ordered the reservoir to fall asleep and build an amphitheater in its place, which would entertain the people. During the time of Christianity, the Colosseum lost its urgent need, and with the invasion of the barbarians in the same century, it began to collapse.

The biggest change came with an earthquake in 1349. After that, broken off parts began to be used for the construction of new buildings. Subsequently, the stones began to be pulled apart and those that did not fall off during the earthquake.

Machu Picchu

Machu Picchu is called the city among the clouds, as it is located high in the mountains. It is considered the place of existence of the Inca civilization until the arrival of the Spanish conquerors. It was the imperial residence, the third largest for the glorification of the name.

However, Machu Picchu could not be called major city that time. In its features, there are no more than 200 buildings. For a long time the city was lost. It was discovered 400 years after the conquest.

Petra

Petra is ancient city Nabataeans, which was carved in the city. It was located at a strategically important crossroads of trade routes. It was this that brought Petra a lot of income for a long time. After the opening of the sea eastern route by Rome, the intersection of the routes disappeared, from which the city itself gradually became impoverished and ruined.

Until now, it has not been fully explored, since the wrong movement can incur the destruction of the entire wonder of the world. Today it is a center of pilgrimage.

Chichen Itza

Chichen Itza is the center ancient civilization the Maya in the first part and the Taltecs in the second. In the 11th century, the city became the capital of the Taltec state. During the wars of one people with another, it was destroyed to ruins. By the time of the Spanish invasions, the city was completely empty, having lost any influence on neighboring regions.

Some settlements local residents located near Chichen Itza, but no one lived in the area itself. The Indians considered this city to be the center of pilgrimages. Not fully explored, as it has a huge amount underground labyrinths and traps.

Among the ruins of this city, the remains of a skull with a trepanation were found - a complex modern surgical operation, which indicates a high medical level of civilizations.

7 natural wonders of the world from CNN

7 wonders of the world (photo and description compiled by CNN) natural phenomena:

7 new wonders of nature with photos and descriptions

7 wonders of the world (photos and descriptions of each can be seen in the article) in a natural sense have existed for a long time.

Therefore, a project was assembled about new miracles:

The eighth wonder of the world

07/07/07 (July 7, 2007) 7 new wonders of the world were chosen, but the Pyramids of Giza were not included in it. This happened for the reason that they are already on the list of 7 ancient wonders of the world, however, the people of Egypt believe that their Pyramids do not need any vote and are a miracle in themselves.

The Pyramids of Giza are a complex of several ancient monuments, namely the Pyramids of Cheops, Menkauar and Khafre.

They are located in the suburbs of Cairo and were created approximately in the XXVI - XXIII centuries. BC. They are the unrecognized eighth wonder of the world.

Other Wonders of the World

During the definition modern wonders light, 20 applicants were selected, of which 7 were selected:

wonder of the world	Description
The Eiffel Tower	One of the most recognizable buildings in the world, located in the city of love - Paris, its height is 324 meters. The tower was designed in 1887 by Gustave Eiffel. The total weight of the structure is 10 thousand tons.
angkor	Previously, it was a city in the Khmer Empire, which has survived to our time in the form of numerous ruins. Recognized as a World Heritage Site.
Athens Acropolis	The Acropolis is located on a hill about 160 meters high, it is a complex of structures and temples. It was erected before the classical era of Athens.
Opera House in Sydney	Perhaps one of the most recognizable musical theaters in the world, it is also a symbol of Australia. It was recognized as an outstanding architectural building.
The Statue of Liberty	One of the most famous and recognizable structures in the world, a symbol of US freedom, is located in New York. Its height is 93 meters. The statue is made of 3 components - copper, steel and concrete. The total weight of the entire building is approximately 27156 tons, including the base.
Neuschwanstein	Romantic castle located in Germany. For its construction, a rock was blown up by order of Ludwig II.
Timbuktu	An entire city located in Mali. Population this city is 33 thousand people and it houses 3 of the oldest mosques in West Africa.
Kremlin	The fortress city is located in Moscow. The main socio-political complex of modern Russia. The height of the walls is from 5 - 20 meters, and the width is about 4.5 meters.
Moai	Huge stone statues, weighing up to 80 tons, are located on Easter Island. There is still debate about exactly how they were delivered and for what purpose.
Alhambra	Architectural park ensemble located in Granada, Spain. The Alhambra is considered by many to be the finest building of Moorish art. Now it is a museum.
Hagia Sophia	Hagia Sophia, which for thousands of years was one of the largest in the world. It is a symbol of the golden age in Byzantium. The building was both a cathedral and a mosque, however, on this moment This is museum.
Kiyomizu-dera	One of the most famous Buddhist temples in Japan, located in Kyoto. There is a waterfall on its territory, and it is surrounded by a green forest.
stonehenge	World Heritage, the purpose of which has not yet been disclosed. It is made up of large stone blocks set in a circle.

The 7 wonders of the world are known for their specificity and uniqueness. The buildings brought something new to the culture or religion, it made it possible to learn historical description that time. Photos very clearly convey the majesty of each of them.

Article formatting: Lozinsky Oleg

Video about 7 wonders of the world

List of all seven wonders of the world and their features:

About the legendary 7 wonders of the world - the greatest creations of mankind - everyone definitely heard in childhood, even if not everyone can remember them in order. And although most of the monuments from the history textbook can no longer be seen, people managed to compose many other, alternative ones to the delight of tourists. Together with the service for the selection of cheap air tickets, we have prepared for you a list of outstanding attractions that have survived to this day.

The list of the seven ancient wonders of the world includes the most famous monuments art of the ancient world. For beauty, uniqueness and technical complexity, they received the "title" of miracles. The list has changed over time, but the number of miracles included in it has remained unchanged.

The Pyramid of Cheops- the most ancient, the first wonder of the world and the only one that has survived to this day. Part of the pyramid complex at Giza - the main attraction of Egypt. The Pyramid of Cheops is the largest pyramid in Egypt. Previously, its height was about 146 meters, and today it is about 138 meters. The date of the beginning of construction is somewhere around 2600 BC, although this is inaccurate and disputed by many scholars. You can get inside the artificial mountain through a natural entrance, located at a height of about 15 meters, or through an artificial one, which was broken in 820.

The legendary Babylonian Hanging Gardens of Babylon, the second wonder of the world, supposedly existed from the end of the 7th century BC to the 1st century BC. Unfortunately, this amazing architectural structure did not survive to this day, but the memory of it has survived. According to legend, the unique hanging gardens were a beautiful confession of their feelings to King Nebuchadnezzar II to his wife Amitis. The attraction is located near Baghdad, and today its stone ruins can impress simple tourist except for its scale. However, history testifies that the structure was one of the most beautiful creations of mankind.

Temple statue of Zeus at Olympia, reaching a height of about 12-17 meters along with a pedestal, was made of ivory, ebony and gold, stood for about nine centuries: from 432 BC to the 5th century, and, unfortunately, burned down in a fire. The statue of Zeus at Olympia was created by the Greek sculptor Phidias in what is now Greece. This place was not chosen by chance - it was in Olympia, in the temple of Zeus, that the Olympic Games were held annually.

Temple of Artemis at Ephesus was built in Greek city Ephesus in what is now Turkey in the 5th century BC. A distinctive feature of the temple from other ancient wonders of the world is that it was partially preserved - the ruins of the temple stand to this day. According to ancient Greek belief, Artemis was the goddess of hunting and fertility, the patroness of all life on earth.

The fifth wonder of the world is mausoleum in Halicarnassus. If you want to visit this historical area, go to the Turkish resort city of Bodrum. It was there that scientists discovered the ruins of the wonder of the world - the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus. The building was a ziggurat, that is, at the same time a tomb, a sanctuary, and a monument. It should be noted that the name "mausoleum" comes from the name of the imperious and cruel ruler of Caria - Mausolus. The mausoleum was destroyed by an earthquake, then partially dismantled for building materials.

Earthquakes caused the death of two more ancient wonders: the bronze statue of the Colossus on the island of Rhodes (it stood for only 65 years, destroyed in the same III century BC) and the Lighthouse of Alexandria in Egypt (the seventh wonder of the world, collapsed in the XIV century).

New seven wonders of the world
The list of new wonders of the world was specially created by the non-profit foundation The New 7 Wonders of the world based on an international vote. Elections of new seven wonders of the world from known architectural structures of the world passed through SMS, phone or Internet. In total, more than 100 million people around the world took part in the selection of new wonders of the world. The result was announced on July 7, 2007 in Lisbon, Portugal.

The great Wall of China. The largest monument of architecture, passing through China for 8851.8 kilometers. The grandiose construction of the Great Wall of China has no equal in the history of world architecture. From its highest points you can admire a breathtaking panorama. There has long been a myth that the Great Wall is the only structure that can be seen from space. However, this turned out to be just a delusion. When American astronauts said they couldn't detect it from space, many in China chalked it up to the fact that the astronauts were foreigners. But later, both the first Chinese astronaut Yang Liwei and other Chinese astronauts confirmed the disappointing observations of the Americans.

The most popular sections of the wall are located in relative proximity to Beijing. They can be reached directly from Beijing Airport - take the subway and get to the Dongzhimen station. From there on weekends at 07.00 and 08.30 bus number 867 leaves for the wall. It spends 2-2.5 hours on the road and leaves back for Beijing at 14.00 and 16.00. In addition, bus No. 877 to Badaling departs from Deshengmen Capital Bus Station at 06:00 am. You can also get here by the Beijing Tourist Hub tourist bus, plying from the southern part of Tiananmen Square. A ticket costs 100 yuan, which is about 5,343 tenge, children up to 120 centimeters tall travel for free.

As with all attractions in Rome, the line to the Colosseum often exceeds even the wildest assumptions. However, there are a few "tricks" here that will help to avoid it. A guaranteed trick is to buy a single entrance ticket Colosseum + Palatine + Roman Forum for 12 euros, which is valid for 2 days. Every half an hour around the Colosseum are arranged organized excursions in the main European languages. The cost is 6 euros per person. The guides are all entirely with historical and archaeological education, and you can learn a lot of interesting things.

The Colosseum opens at 09.00, closes - depending on the season, an hour before sunset. From March 30 to August 31, the Colosseum closes at 19.15, from September 1 to September 30 - at 19.00, from October 1 to October 30 - at 18.30, from October 31 to February 15 - at 16.30, from February 16 to March 15 - at 17.00.

One of the most famous statues in the world and definitely the most recognizable in Brazil -. Installed on Mount Corcovado at an altitude of more than 700 meters, with outstretched arms in a blessing gesture, it looks at the huge city below it. The statue of Christ in Rio de Janeiro, due to its fame, attracts millions of tourists to Mount Corcovado. From its height opens beautiful view to a city of ten million with its bays, beaches, the Maracanã stadium.

Lost in the desert in Jordan Petra - the capital of the ancient kingdoms of Idumea and Nabatea - opened to Europeans only in the XIX century. The main attractions of Petra, the "stone city", are crypts carved into the rocks of red sandstone and rock temple El Deir.

By Bus: Jett operates daily Amman-Petra bus services from Abdali Bus Station. Departure - at 06.30, travel time - about 3.5 hours, ticket price - 11 dinars, which is about 5,705 tenge one way. The return bus from Petra leaves at 17.00.

By minibus: a minibus ride from Wadi Rum takes about 1.5 hours and costs 7 dinars (3,000 tenge). The minibus usually leaves at 08.30, but the schedule is subject to change on any day. Therefore, it is necessary to agree in advance. Shuttle taxis from Amman depart from Wihdat bus station. On the road - about 3 hours, ticket price - 5 dinars (2,751 tenge). In some cases, the driver may ask you to pay separately for luggage.

Taxi: Taxi, although more expensive, is much more comfortable. A trip from Amman to Petra and back will cost about 75-85 dinars (40,000-45,000 tenge), including waiting for the driver. Travel from Aqaba - 55 dinars one way, approximately 28,631 tenge. On the way from Petra to Aqaba, you can visit the Wadi Rum desert to enjoy unique landscapes that are not like anywhere else on the planet.

Important! You should always agree on the cost of the trip in advance, if you wish, you can save a lot: bargain with the driver or find fellow travelers and share all the expenses with them.

The pearl of Muslim architectural art in India - mausoleum-mosque Taj Mahal in Agra, built in the 17th century by the will of Padishah Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal, who died in childbirth. It is not surprising that today the Taj Mahal is considered not only an outstanding architectural and spiritual monument, but also a symbol of love. Every year the marble complex becomes a place of pilgrimage for millions of people from all over the world.

The Taj Mahal is located in the city of Agra (200 kilometers from Delhi). You can get there by any train that goes to Calcutta, Mumbai and Gwalior (they all go through Agra), travel time is 2-3 hours. From Agra to the mausoleum - by rickshaw or taxi.

Opening hours: the mausoleum is open daily, except Sunday, during daylight hours.

Entrance: for foreigners - 1,000 rupees (4,952 tenge) for citizens of India - 650 rupees (3,301 tenge).

Lost Inca City of Machu Picchu located in present-day Peru. This sixth new wonder of the world was created as a sacred mountain retreat during the Inca rule of Pachacutec in the middle of the 15th century. However, the highland city remained inhabited for less than a century - until the invasion of the Spaniards, who, however, never reached it. The worldwide discovery of the Inca "city among the clouds" took place only in 1911. Many mysteries of Machu Picchu have remained unsolved, and they still haunt researchers. Buy a ticket to Lima

The list of modern wonders of the world is completed by the legacy of the Maya - another lost civilization of America. holy city Chichen Itza in the north of the Yucatan Peninsula was founded around the 7th century AD, later the Toltecs who captured it contributed to the architecture of the complex. It is not known exactly why such a developed city was deserted at the end of the 12th century. The complex of surviving monuments of Chichen Itza includes temples-pyramids, game "stadiums", ruins of colonnades, a sacrificial well and an observatory.

From Merida in 1 hour 45 minutes and 200 pesos (4,000 tenge) you will be taken by a first class bus. The second class will cost 120 pesos (3,200 tenge) and the journey time is 2.5 hours. From Cancun it will be, respectively, 290 pesos (5,500 tenge) and 2.5 hours for the first class and 200 pesos (4,000 tenge) and 4.5 hours for the second.

On the site for the selection of cheap air tickets, you will find the best prices and you can create an itinerary according to your desire.

About the legendary 7 wonders of the world - the greatest creations of mankind - everyone definitely heard in childhood, even if not everyone can remember them in order. And although most of the monuments from the history textbook can no longer be seen, people managed to compile many other, alternative, lists of outstanding sights that have survived to this day, to the delight of tourists.

ancient wonders of the world

The first attempts to single out the exceptional achievements of mankind in the list of wonders of the world took shape in the written heritage of ancient Greek authors, starting from the Hellenistic era. The "selection" of the main monuments of all times took place gradually.

So, one of the first historical list of "miracles" was Herodotus: in his "History" we are talking about three grandiose structures on the island of Samos - a mountain tunnel, a dam and a temple of Hera.

Soon, other thinkers added to the list to seven attractions: seven in ancient Greece was considered a holy figure, was an indispensable attribute of the solar gods and myths about them.

The classic "7 Wonders of the World" of the Ancient World, familiar to many from the school curriculum, is historically associated with the empire of Alexander the Great - the second half of the 4th century BC. e. Of these, two sights were ancient Egyptian, four were located in the territories Ancient Greece and one in Mesopotamia (more precisely, in Babylon).

The Pyramid of Cheops is the oldest, the first wonder of the world and the only one that has survived to this day. It is part of the Giza Pyramid Complex, the main attraction of Egypt.

The legendary Babylonian Hanging Gardens of Babylon, the second wonder of the world, supposedly existed from the end of the 7th century BC. e. until the 1st century BC e., destroyed by floods.

The temple statue of Zeus at Olympia, reaching about 12-17 meters along with the pedestal, was made of ivory, ebony and gold, stood for about nine centuries: from 435 BC. e. before the 5th century, it burned down in a fire.

The ruins of the fourth wonder of the world, Artemis in Ephesus (from the 6th to the 4th or 3rd century BC), are now part of the Turkish city of Selçuk (near Izmir).

Of the lost sights, the most persistent was the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus. Non-standard for the middle of the IV century BC. e. the architectural monument existed for 19 centuries: destroyed by an earthquake, then partially dismantled for building materials. The ruins of the mausoleum can be seen in Bodrum, Turkey - this is the name of the city with the historical location of the fifth wonder of the world.

Panorama Google Maps"At the foot of the pyramid of Cheops (Khufu)"

New seven wonders of the world

The list of new wonders of the world, each of which continues to amaze tourists, was compiled in the first decade of the 21st century, in 2001-2007. Currently, these are the most famous of these ratings and therefore, along with the list world heritage UNESCO, the main must see landmark for tourists actively traveling around the world. It was compiled by a specially created non-profit foundation The New 7 Wonders of the world based on international voting using the Internet and other means of communication. About 100 million votes were accepted as part of the selection of attractions, but since the conditions allowed for multiple votes, this list became questionable almost immediately after publication.

One of the undisputed leaders of the list is the Great Wall of China. It stretched across the north of the country for almost 9 thousand kilometers, and taking into account the ruins - more than 20 thousand kilometers. The most famous landmark of China is organically inscribed in the landscape and is truly impressive sight. Several sites are open for tourists. The most popular is Badaling, connected by transport to Beijing.

The ancient Colosseum is an iconic landmark of Rome, its signature silhouette. This amphitheater, a masterpiece of architectural thought of the 1st century AD, almost immediately after its creation was proclaimed a wonder of the world in the list of the Roman poet Martial, his contemporary.

The symbol of Rio de Janeiro - the statue of Christ the Redeemer on Mount Corcovado - blesses the city, stretching out his hands over it from a height. At night, the illuminated figure of Christ is clearly visible from almost any part of the city, however best view it appears from Mount Pan de Azucar. In the list of the new 7 wonders of the world, the statue, erected in honor of the century of independence of Brazil, is the youngest attraction, its age is less than a hundred years.

Lost in the middle of the desert in Jordan, Petra, the capital of the ancient kingdoms of Idumea and Nabatea, was opened to Europeans only in the 19th century. The main attractions of Petra, the “stone city”, are the crypts carved into the rocks of red sandstone and the rock temple of El Deir.

The pearl of Muslim architectural art in India is the mausoleum-mosque Taj Mahal in Agra, built in the 17th century at the behest of the king Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife Mumtaz Mahal, who died in childbirth. It is not surprising that today the Taj Mahal is considered not only an outstanding architectural and spiritual monument, but also a symbol of love. Every year the marble complex becomes a place of pilgrimage for millions of people from all over the world.

The Lost Inca City of Machu Picchu is located in what is now Peru. This sixth new wonder of the world was created as a sacred mountain retreat during the Inca rule of Pachacutec in the middle of the 15th century. However, the mountainous city remained inhabited for less than a century - until the invasion of the Spaniards, who, however, never reached it. The worldwide discovery of the Inca "city among the clouds" took place only in 1911. Many mysteries of Machu Picchu have remained unsolved, and they still haunt researchers.

The list of modern wonders of the world is completed by the legacy of the Maya, another lost civilization of America. The sacred city of Chichen Itza in the north of the Yucatan Peninsula was founded around the 7th century AD, later the Toltecs who captured it contributed to the architecture of the complex. It is not known exactly why such a developed city was deserted at the end of the 12th century. The complex of surviving monuments of Chichen Itza includes pyramid temples, game "stadiums", ruins of colonnades, a well of sacrifices and an observatory.

The architectural structures of the past are considered wonders of architectural thought and architecture. These include the Colosseum, tower of babel, the Ishtar Gate and dozens of other buildings of the past millennia. But there are buildings that are highlighted in the group "7 wonders of the world." Read about in our article. The choice of the number 7 is not accidental, since it was considered sacred.

7 wonders of the world of the ancient world: a list

The list of the seven wonders of the ancient world includes the buildings of three cultures: Babylonian, Greek and Egyptian. Today, of the 7 wonders of the world, only the pyramids in Giza have survived, while the remaining 6 are completely destroyed and only some of them remain in ruins.

The pyramids of Giza are the oldest of. They were built approximately 4300-4600 years ago. The highest of them is Cheops pyramid, which for a long time was the highest building on the planet.

All the rest (and this is the Lighthouse of Alexandria, the Colossus of Rhodes, the temple of Artemis of Ephesus, the hanging gardens of Babylon, the statue of Zeus in Olympia and) were built between the 7th and 3rd centuries BC.

Most were destroyed within the first thousand years. But the lighthouse of Alexandria and the mausoleum were destroyed only in the 15th century. You can read more about .

Seven Wonders of the Ancient World: Causes of Destruction

The reason for the destruction of three of the 6 wonders (colossus, lighthouse and mausoleum) were earthquakes. Two more burned down (the statue of Zeus and the temple of Artemis), and the gardens of King Nebuchadnezzar in Babylon were destroyed by the Persians.

Seven Wonders of the Ancient World: List Evolution

The first list of miracles was created by Herodotus and included 3 miracles of the island of Samos. They are no longer mentioned in the new lists. Later it expanded and changed. So, the Tower of Babel was excluded from it.

Today, the list of wonders of the world has been revised, expanded. Also in 2007, an alternative list of "7 modern wonders of the world" was created, which included:

There are other variations of it, more complete and lists of wonders by country.
You can also read about other interesting miracles on the site. ancient architecture both European and other civilizations. I especially recommend reading about the Great Wall of China.