11 what is the name of the oldest megalithic burial structure. Megalithic structures: types and types

People puzzle over the pyramids ancient egypt and similar structures in Central and South America, and wonder how early people could lift and move such huge blocks of stone? Of course they couldn't. Early humans did not build these structures.

pyramids

Egyptian pyramids are the greatest architectural monuments Ancient Egypt. The largest is the pyramid of Cheops. Initially, its height was 146.6 m, its height has now decreased to 138.8 m. The length of the side of the pyramid is 230 m.

The pyramid is built from 2.5 million stone blocks; no cement or other binders were used. On average, the blocks weighed 2.5 tons, but in the "King's Chamber" there are granite blocks weighing up to 80 tons. The pyramid is almost a monolithic structure - with the exception of several chambers and corridors leading to them.

Curse of the Pharaoh

The curse of the pharaohs is a curse that allegedly befalls anyone who touches the graves of royal persons and the mummies of Ancient Egypt. The curse is predominantly associated with deaths that took place over the next few years after the opening of Tutankhamen's grave, which took place in 1922.

The main facts stated in the "curse" are as follows:
1. Lord Carnarvon died 4 months after visiting the tomb.
2. Archaeologist Arthur Mays died a few days after Carnarvon;
3. Radiologist Archibald Douglas-Reid soon died;
4. A few months later, the American George Gould, who also visited the tomb, died;
5. in 1923, Carnarvon's half-brother, traveler and diplomat Colonel Aubrey Herbert, died of blood poisoning;
6. In the same year, a member of the Egyptian royal family, Prince Ali Kamel Fahmi Bey, who was present at the opening of the tomb, was shot dead by his wife;
7. in 1924, the governor-general of Sudan, Sir Lee Stack, was shot dead in Cairo;
8. Carter's secretary Richard Barthel died unexpectedly in 1928;
9. In 1930, Barthel's father, Sir Richard, Baron Westbury, threw himself out of a window;
10. Carnarvon's half-brother committed suicide in 1930.
Reports of the death of Lady Almina Carnarvon from an unknown insect bite at the age of 61 are false, as she passed away at the age of 93 in 1969.

Did Pharaoh Tutankhamun's tomb contain information about the nature and timing of the past Pole Shift, and is it related to the Mummy's Curse? Did the establishment kill those who threatened to release or use the timing information to silence those people? It's no secret that the elite (including the Vatican) are aware of the coming cataclysms that will be caused by the next passage of Nibiru (or Planet X). It is clear that these were not accidents, but the result of efforts to destroy those who owned the information or made it clear that they would seek to use this knowledge.

The Pyramid of the Sun is the largest building in the city of Teotihuacan and one of the largest in Mesoamerica. Located between the Pyramid of the Moon and the Citadel in the shadow of the massive mountain Cerro Gordo, it is part of a large temple complex. The Pyramid of the Sun is the third largest pyramid in the world after the Great Pyramid of Cholula, Mexico and the Pyramid of Cheops.

Ancient Chinese grave mounds. In popular publications and television films, especially in English, the burial mounds of Ancient China are called "pyramids". The first report of the existence of the giant so-called "White Pyramid" was delivered in 1945 by a US pilot. Later, the existence of pyramidal hills to the north of the ancient Chinese capital of Xi'an was confirmed.

Pyramids found all over the world and buried under shifting sands or under randomly growing plants have a similarity in appearance, and this similarity is not accidental. for similar purposes. The pyramids were astronomical instruments that allowed the giant humanoids to detect when their planet, the 12th planet, was approaching and direct their shuttle spaceships to it. Since the 12th planet visits the solar system every 3600 years on average, those who built the pyramids also built them for their followers and wanted to make them permanent - like a written record that cannot be lost. The shape of the pyramids allows them to survive earthquakes and hurricanes and thus was the chosen shape. After the passage, when the pole shift changed the landscape of the earth's surface, the pyramids lost their value as astronomical instruments, but their durability protected them from disappearing from the earth's surface. Thus, they have become another part of the riddle that humanity grapples with in an attempt to solve it.

stonehenge

Stonehenge is a stone megalithic structure in Wiltshire (England). It is located about 130 km southwest of London, about 3.2 km west of Amesbury and 13 km north of Salisbury. One of the most famous archaeological sites in the world, Stonehenge consists of ring and horseshoe structures built from large megaliths. The first researchers associated the construction of Stonehenge with the Druids. Excavations, however, have pushed back the creation of Stonehenge to the New Stone and Bronze Ages. The material for dating the sarsen boulders, which is available in a very limited amount, indicates 2440-2100 BC. e.

Stonehenge is ancient, much older than man believes. It was created so early that it is not imprinted in any cultures, and all the threads are broken. Stonehenge is neither a sundial, nor a device for astronomical measurements, nor a place of worship or sacrifice, nor a meeting place. All these interpretations are only an attempt by mankind to explain the purpose of Stonehenge, since the true explanation can lead to too much confusion.

So what exactly is Stonehenge? Stonehenge was built at the behest of a reptilian king who lived on Earth so long ago, when humans first appeared. However, the building was intended for emerging people who existed at that time. This is a subliminal message containing a sadistic appeal and influence on those who will be sacrificed. People should look at Stonehenge and imagine the desperate efforts of an innocent lying on a table under a knife. Why was there another table? So that they represent a bunch of villains surrounding the victim. Why is there a circle? Lest they imagine any force entering the inside of the circle to save the victim. Why else is this all out in the open? Stonehenge was built in order to fulfill the purpose that its creators laid in it - to penetrate into the subconscious of mankind.

If the value of pi in Babylon is 3.125, then the circumference of the Sarsen circle in Stonehenge is 3650 imperial inches, which is represented in great pyramid. This is a coded message representing the orbital period of Planet X.

Easter Island

Like most other oral traditions, the folklore of the Rapa Nui people has been handed down from time immemorial through many generations, and therefore it is not known whether these stories are based on historical facts. At the center of most statue stories is the mystical idea that massive megaliths were moved by the use of "mana" or divine energy. Those who possessed "mana" were able to direct the movement of "moai" (i.e. statues) to the place intended for it. Information about who actually possessed the "mana" varies considerably.

In 1919, the British archaeologist Katherine Routledge, who lived on Easter Island for a year, wrote in her journal: "There was a certain old woman who lived at the southern edge of the mountain and held the position of a cook for statue makers. She was the most important person among influential circles and moved the statues with the help of supernatural forces ("mana"), placing them everywhere at will." Earlier reports left by visitors to the island indicate that the statues were positioned by the mythical King Tuu Ku Ihu and the god Make-Make. It was known that there were even special priests who moved moai at the request of those who wanted to have them on their ancestral land or on ahu (base of wind-blown sand).

And this is a pedestal under the moai on about. Easter:

Giant humanoids have long faces, but the discovered skulls, usually described as alien, do not belong to these humanoids. The heads on Easter Island were designed to intimidate, as the appearance of these faces was, and indeed is, the structure of their faces.

Megaliths of South America

Sacsayhuaman is a large ceremonial complex in Cusco, according to legend, it was erected by the first Inca king, Manco Copac. According to scientists, the megalithic structures were built in the tenth - thirteenth century. The best preserved area of ​​the complex - big square with three massive terraces adjacent to it.

The stones used in their construction are among the largest among pre-Columbian structures. Giant boulders are so precisely fitted to each other that you can’t even slip a sheet of paper between them. It is believed that this technology, as well as the presence of rounded corners on the stones, allowed Sacsayhuaman to endure the numerous destructive earthquakes that occurred in Cusco.

Not far from Sacsayhuaman, sixty kilometers northwest of Cusco, there is another megalithic site - Ollantaytambo. In the nineteenth century, the ruins of the city attracted scientists from all over the world, who were extremely surprised at the way the buildings were built. During its heyday, Ollantaytambo was a fairly large settlement.

Its plan is typical of the Incas - four transverse streets crossed seven longitudinal ones, in the center there was a large square. The city consisted of residential buildings, temples, warehouses, as well as utilities - it even had some kind of water supply. Most of the structures were built from large stone blocks, closely fitted to each other.

Located high in the mountains near the Chilean town of San Clemente, the site of El Enladrillado is the subject of much debate among scientists, as well as the source of myths and legends. From Spanish, "El Enladrillado" literally translates as "stone floor". Actually, this phrase is the best way to describe this area.

El Enladrillado - stonework that covers the surface of the earth. It is made of large boulders, tightly joined to each other. At the same time, in its shape, the masonry resembles a triangle, pointing towards the Descabezado Grande volcano.

Tiwanaku or Taipikala is an ancient settlement in Bolivia, 72 km from La Paz near east coast Lake Titicaca. According to the materials of excavations, this settlement dates back to 1500 BC. e.

High in the mountains of South America are traces of ancient civilizations with features similar to the ancient civilizations of Egypt. These are structures that were built from large blocks of stone and that were paved and fortified in the same way as the Great Pyramids. Spaceports on high mountain plateaus, which can be clearly seen from space, are still hardly recognizable from the surface of the Earth. In the humid jungle to the north lie the outlines of cities abandoned for no apparent reason. The land is fertile, the water supply is rich, and yet they are there unattended and uninhabited. Legends say that human sacrifices were made on pyramid-like platforms, that hearts were torn from the chest of living people, but no evidence of this practice exists among the local peoples. Who built it and where did they go?

All these traces of ancient civilization are only traces left by humanoid aliens from the 12th planet who left the earth. Human sacrifice - never a practice of the local population - was also discontinued, as this ferocious method of punishment was used by the dominant aliens to keep their wayward human slaves on a tight leash. After they left, the frightened people either left to wander or played politics, according to which they chose their new masters for one day. If people don't have the technology to make a city function, then cobbled streets and stone structures become an unnecessary burden. People were forced to walk much further to work the fields or to go hunting. Why did they have to take all these tedious steps? Soon the cities were deserted by all but the monkeys, lizards and vines that crawl through everything in the jungle.

Baalbek is the oldest and most majestic city on Earth, the ruins of which are located at the foot of the Anti-Lebanon Mountains, 85 kilometers northeast of Beirut in Lebanon. The Sumerian chronicles mention that Baalbek was built at the same time as the pyramids of Giza. The structures of Baalbek are striking in their size. The grand temple of Jupiter once stood on the Baalbek terrace.

In the southeastern wall, the base consists of nine rows of stone blocks weighing more than 300 tons each. In the southwestern wall of the base lie three colossal megalithic blocks of absolutely incredible size, called Trilithon - the Miracle of the Three Stones. Each of them reaches a length of 21 meters, a height of 5 meters, a width of 4 meters. They weigh 800 tons each. Moreover, these monoliths lie at an eight-meter height. On the blocks, traces of machining of the planes are visible.

Contrary to the sometimes occurring statement, the so-called. The "Southern Stone" was not at all thrown by the builders along the road and was not lost during transportation - it remained lying in the quarry, and was not even completely separated from the rocky foundation. The slope of the block is given by the general slope of the surface that the rock mass had in this place.

Giant humanoids from the 12th planet, which have entered the legends of many terrestrial peoples, wandered the Earth and even in those places where there were no legends about their presence. These humanoids are recorded in the mythology of Europe as Greek gods or as Vandals-Visigoths, in Africa - in the memory of the Dogon tribe, in South and Central America - in the Mayan and Inca cities. However, they also visited Australia and the East, although the only traces of them there are artificially made objects. The gods of the ancient Egyptians, the ancient Babylonians, the Germanic Visigoths, the gods of the ancient Maya and Incas are, almost down to the individual, royalty from the 12th Planet stationed on Earth to oversee the development of mines.

Avebury

Avebury is a late Neolithic and early Bronze cult site, consisting of megalithic tombs and sanctuaries. It is located in Wiltshire, England and takes its name from a nearby village. According to archaeologists, the complex was created and intensively used in the period from 2100 BC to BC. e. to 1650 BC e.

Avebury structures are associated by scientists with the culture of bell-shaped goblets. It consists of a huge cromlech with an area of ​​11.5 hectares and a diameter of more than 350 meters, surrounded by a moat and rampart, with about 100 stone pillars located along its inner edge, each weighing up to 50 tons.

Avebury and Dark Star. People who settled in the past in the Avebury area and began to lay out stone circles here witnessed a most amazing astronomical phenomenon. In any case, it is interesting that the third circle, with an additional winding track extending from it, located near Avebury, means an object similar to Planet X.

It seems that Babylonian culture allows for such a double interpretation. At the top of this stele is an image of a trinity of bright astronomical objects - the Sun, the Moon and the third radiating planet. Please note that the Babylonian deity Marduk, a deity closely associated with the planet Nibiru, is depicted on the stele below. It is interesting to compare this image with the later alchemical image of the dragon symbolizing Azoth, with its two suns and moon. Planet X, represented as the Second Sun, and the winding, undulating path are depicted in crop circles in many places.

newgrange

Newgrange is a megalithic religious building in Ireland, a corridor tomb, which is part of the Bru-na-Boine complex. Newgrange dates back to 2500 BC. e. In the building with a diameter of 85 meters and a height of 13.5 meters, a 19-meter gallery was made, which points strictly to the southeast and leads to a cruciform hall. The most exciting time to visit Newgrange is December 21st and the days before and after. At dawn, during the winter equinox, the sun's rays rush straight into a small hole above the entrance to the gallery, reach the farthest stone and then fill the entire room with light. Some researchers believe that Newgrange is the oldest "astrological" building of its kind on earth.

If the Annunaki built the Great Pyramids as an astronomical device so that the Annunaki who remained on Earth could determine when their home planet, Nibiru, would enter the solar system, were other such observing devices built in the same time period? Man estimates that the Great Pyramids were built approximately 4,000 years ago, and the New Grange is estimated to be over 5,000 years old. If the Great Pyramids were built for the astronomers who exist among the Annunaki waiting for the next passage of Nibiru, then the New Grange was a type of structure built in case of disaster. What if a plague breaks out, because then astronomers will lose the ability to keep track of the calendar! Their knowledge, of course, was recorded in writing, but we are talking about tasks that have not been solved due to the uncertainty of the number of days, weeks or months that have passed. In such a case, a team would be sent to an observation site such as New Grange to mark the arrival of the Winter Solstice and quickly report back to the astronomical center.

The New Grange is famous for witnessing the arrival of the solstice, when around dawn on the day of the Winter Solstice, sunlight enters it. Since the former N Pole was located on Greenland, and the crustal shift during the last shift simply pulled Greenland to a more southerly latitude, only the nature of the observation before and after the moment of the solstice changed at the solstice. - Arcs of the trajectory of the Sun in the winter in the Northern Hemisphere in the direction from north to south, and therefore, ultimately, it looks into the hole in which the moment of the Winter Solstice is recorded. Further, at more northern latitudes, the Sun looked through the hole earlier. Does any sunlight enter through this hole before or after the solstice? Of course, why not? After all, a hole is not a point. But the approximate time of the Winter Solstice can be registered.

Megaliths in Siberia

Have you already seen it? March 10, 2014 In Gornaya Shoria, in southern Siberia, researchers found an exceptionally huge wall of granite stones.

Some of these giant granite stones are estimated to weigh over 3,000 tons, and as you will see below, many of them were carved "with flat surfaces, right angles and sharp edges". Nothing of this magnitude had ever been discovered before. The largest stone found at a megalithic ruin in Baalbek, Lebanon weighs less than 1,500 tons. So how is it that someone cut 3000-ton granite stones with unprecedented precision, moved them up the mountainside and stacked them in a pile 40 meters high?

Lifting large stones from which they created their pyramids and walls, the Annunaki were helped by aliens who are able to control gravity in relation to their ships, themselves and objects, such as large stones. Their ships do not hover with the help of jet propulsion, but due to the creation of a separate gravitational field inside the ship. Contactees report floating in the air during visits. Thus, the discovery of massive megaliths should not come as a surprise. The Annunaki have been on Earth since before humanity was genetically engineered from apes. The land was sparsely populated, so their mining work did not interfere with the efforts of genetic engineers. Due to their long stay on Earth, former or buried under the shifting soil, puzzling modern man.

Dolmens

Dolmens are ancient burial and religious structures belonging to the category of megaliths (that is, structures made of large stones). The name comes from the appearance of structures common to Europe - a slab raised on stone supports, resembling a table. The main function for dolmens of all types is funerary.

Why would early man cremate his dead? Today there are cultures in New Guinea that eat their dead to gain the strength and wisdom of the deceased. This approach to the use of the dead is common throughout the world. The practice can be found in Africa and South America, and in the past was also in use in China. This is at the heart of cannibalism. So given that the Annunaki were viewed as powerful and dominant giants by early man, and given that early man in all likelihood would thus attempt to eat a dead Annunaki in order to gain these qualities, the Annunaki burned their dead on a regular basis. What is the reason why no mummies or Annunaki graves have been discovered? They were burned and their ashes scattered.

Searchers for traces of aliens from outer space are looking for more and more new "victims" among the ancient buildings in order to declare them the work of space guests. They haven't seriously reached the megaliths yet! But it's strange. So they ask for modern mythology, these grandiose structures erected at the behest of ancient mythology.

What are megaliths

Megaliths. "Giant stones" in translation. Or rather, structures made of giant stones.

Of course, no matter how large the “pebbles” that make up the megaliths, any of them is inferior to the plates of the famous Trilithon of the Baalbek terrace, some even to the stone blocks from the Egyptian pyramids. The blocks that make up megaliths usually weigh only tons, and three hundred tons is already the maximum for them, a kind of record. Another thing is that there are megalithic structures from many hundreds of such "pebbles".

But if the pyramids were built on the land of a great and powerful civilization, which occupies an honorable place in history, in a country that has long been populated more than densely, and all the pyramids are concentrated, roughly speaking, on a few “patch spots” in the Nile Valley, then the megaliths are scattered in a strip with a width of hundreds or even thousands of kilometers. And the length of this strip is amazing.

Who built the megaliths

At first, naturally, it was believed that the megaliths were built by ordinary giants. Creatures that threw multi-ton stones from palm to palm. The Greeks called structures of large stones cyclopean, because they were quite clearly built by the Cyclopes, one-eyed giants, one of whom was later blinded by Odysseus. According to another ancient hypothesis, these stones could move on their own - for example, to the music of Orpheus. But the version with the Cyclopes was much more popular.

In the 18th century, the "giant" version was decisively rejected. And soon, in return, they decided that these were aliens, accustomed in their homeland to bury their dead in natural caves, and began to build artificial caves in new lands. Yes, that's the trouble - in Spain, for example, there are enough ordinary caves, but dolmens appeared literally next to them.

However, let's look at the names that different groups of megaliths bear.

Classification of megaliths

A stone slab can simply stand upright, and then it is called the word "menhir", taken from the language of the Celts, the ancient inhabitants of France, England, Ireland and some other lands. Another inclined one can be leaned against this vertical plate. Or a horizontal slab can lie on a vertical slab, so it comes out like a table for some giant.

The next step to service is a pair of stones, covered by a third, like a roof. This is already the simplest dolmen - the word is also Celtic. And no matter how many stones are now connected in a box or a chamber with a lid, all such structures are also called dolmens. Often they lead stone galleries or corridors. These stone boxes served as tombs. Where there were no large stones, the chamber could be built from smaller stones. Sometimes, according to a similar plan, the tombs were carved into the rocks.

Much here depended on the conditions of the area, but not all. The chalk cliffs of southern England seem to be made for carving. artificial caves, but there dolmens are built on the surface. And in southern Spain, in some places nearby are megalithic tombs of various types, underground and aboveground. Why some of them were built, while others were carved, is unknown. However, when it comes to megaliths, the word "unknown" among scientists is in great use. Even regarding the fact that dolmens are burial structures, archaeologists did not immediately manage to come to an agreement. And as to whose tombs these are, disputes continue to this day.

Most of the dolmens were built at the end of the III and the beginning of the II millennium BC, that is, at the end of the Neolithic and in the Bronze Age. There were, however, places where dolmens continued to be built much later, and those already built were used in many countries as tombs for representatives of more and more new generations. Perhaps this is one of the main reasons why archaeologists have so many ambiguities with megaliths - inside the tombs, things left by different eras are mixed together.

Are the builders of megaliths one people?

So, megaliths seem to be different. But one of the greatest English historians, Gordon Child, argued that, despite all the variety of megaliths in this peculiar stone belt connecting England with Japan, one can talk about the general plan of many of them almost regardless of geographical location.

The imagination of scientists has long been struck by this true or imaginary, but, in any case, conspicuous similarity. At one time (which is a century or two for the Bronze Age) all over the Earth, or rather, along the coast of the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic oceans and their seas, tombs of a similar type appear. And we did not have time to stop trusting the legends about the giants who built the megaliths, when new legends immediately appeared, even brighter and more beautiful (although the legends about "aliens" were still far away - oh, the dark 19th century!).

First of all, the place of giants as builders of megaliths was taken by people of some unknown, but brilliant and powerful tribe. It would seem natural to assume that one and the same people placed stones upon stones from the Far East to Scotland according to similar plans. It is not for nothing that almost all megaliths so clearly gravitate towards the sea, so stubbornly placed in coastal countries. (In the Caucasus, for example, dolmens, in fact, lined up in a chain along the Black Sea coast. In some places in the Caucasus they were built further away from the fertile coast, but these “more continental” dolmens are getting smaller as they move away from the sea, until they finally lose right to be called megaliths - huge stones.)

However, not a single serious scientist insisted that the people of the megaliths inhabited almost the entire coast of the Old World at the same time. It seemed more real that the builders of the megaliths - the whole people or the whole tribe - were moving, leaving gigantic structures behind them, like an indelible chain of footprints.

Naturally, again, opinions about what kind of people they were, where they came from, where they were going, why and how they disappeared, diverged. Some researchers believed that he went from east to west. Others insisted on moving it from west to east. Still others spoke of people from Sumer who went both east and west, but since there were no megaliths in Mesopotamia, this option quickly disappeared.

The fourth believed that it was Egypt that sent its intelligence officers across the seas and lands, it was its trade agents, they were missionaries, who persuaded the inhabitants of their areas to acquire grandiose tombs and themselves set an example for them. Proponents of this version remembered, first of all, the Egyptian pyramids, also gigantic tombs. According to these scholars, the “sons of the Sun”, immigrants from Egypt, having spread throughout the world, scattered seeds throughout it, from which dolmens sprang up. And first of all, these travelers settled in places where there were deposits of minerals valuable for their homeland: in Spain, Sardinia, Ireland - near copper mines; at tin deposits - in Western Ukraine and England; near gold mining sites - in Western France and Ireland; in the Orkney Islands near Northern Scotland, where pearls were mined; on the east coast Denmark, which served as a source of amber.

Gordon Child notes that there is indeed a general similarity between the distribution of Bronze Age tombs and the location of important deposits in that era, but a considerable number of tombs are located where no deposits were mined. And most importantly, according to the customs of the same Egyptians, in the tombs, treasures should have been lying next to the remains of people, for the sake of which these people climbed here, but in Denmark amber rarely got into dolmens, in Ireland there is not enough gold and copper and so on. And finally, everywhere in the dolmens there are few or no imported things. This is completely strange if we have before us the graves of the owners of "trading posts" or people who were under their strong influence. After all, it is known that, say, in the Bronze Age, along with the dear dead, they usually buried the most dear to him and the most valued by society objects, or, more rarely, at least something that personified, represented such objects (a clay horse instead of a real one, etc.). But in dolmens, for the most part, there is nothing foreign at all. In these structures, which are so similar in appearance, in each country lie, first of all, things created by the tribes inhabiting it at that time. This is in sharp contrast to the idea of ​​one people who built all the megaliths, wherever they stand.

It must be said, however, that some enthusiasts even suggested Atlanteans as builders of megaliths. But if we believe Plato and recognize Atlantis as a reality, then we must remember that dolmens and other structures were built millennia after the Platonic date of the death of Atlantis.

No less fantastic was the version about dolmens as monuments of the journey through the world of people of the "Proto-Aryan race" - the ancestors of the Indo-European peoples. After all, among other things, dolmens stand where the Indo-Europeans have never been - in Korea, in East Africa ...

Still, it must be said that sometimes megaliths definitely testify to the movements of tribes. The megaliths of southern Ethiopia, in their resemblance to the megaliths of Assam in India, cross the usual boundaries for megaliths. On both sides indian ocean there are cylindrical pillars with a rounded top, like carnations with a hat, only the height of the “nail” itself is up to four meters. It is hard not to recognize this as evidence of the travel of the inhabitants of "one of the sides" of the ocean through this very ocean. Of course, you can get around it by land - around Persian Gulf, through Arabia and the narrow strait separating Yemen from East Africa. But long-distance sea voyages of Vasco da Gama of the Stone or Bronze Age are not excluded.

For some time, this migration was confirmed by the common name of two tribes: the Naga tribe is in Ethiopia, and the Naga tribe is in India. Then, there was extremely little in common between the “namesakes”, the version of a common origin was rejected, and at the same time the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bmoving from India to Africa people who made huge stone “nails”. But they were not rejected unanimously and not forever.

One way or another, but to the question: “Which people built dolmens” - today the most correct answer is not accurate, but short: “Different”.

Megaliths - a derivative of ideas about the world

And yet, the similarity of dolmens all over the world is striking, and even more striking is the fact that on the scale of history they appear everywhere almost simultaneously, moreover, in countries inhabited by peoples with very different economic methods, customs, ideological ideas, in countries located on different levels historical development. Neolithic people, Copper Age people and Bronze Age people then lived on earth at the same time (as today the Stone Age is adjacent to our Iron Age somewhere in New Guinea). Both those and others, and still others, although not all of them to varying degrees, turned out to be involved in megaliths, hewn monstrous slabs, piled them on top of each other, arranged them in the order common to places separated by many thousands of kilometers.

Not about the mass movement of this or that people, but about the movement on the earth of a set of ideas about the world, here, obviously, we should talk. Representations associated with the veneration of the dead. And the economy that had developed by this time was already able to feed many workers who did not reap or sow, but dragged huge stones.

This means that in all countries where dolmens appeared, class stratification was already in full swing - otherwise, to whom would these tombs be placed, after all, not mere mortals? Already appeared to know exploiters and slave owners. Leaders became kings, tribal elders turned into aristocrats. All of them needed to emphasize their power, to symbolically affirm its eternity and inviolability. How they needed the same Egyptian pharaohs with their priests, commanders and officials. And similar causes produced similar effects. It happens. The Mexicans, for example, started building their pyramids a thousand years after the Egyptians had already stopped building theirs. The time gap here is perceived quite naturally - after all, the Mayans or the Aztecs lagged behind Egypt in development by several thousand years. And they apparently had no ties with Egypt, at least not permanent ones. And there were pyramids.

But here it is necessary to emphasize the difference between a pyramid and a megalith such as a dolmen or a cromlech.

pyramid and megalith

The shape of the pyramid is such that it is ideal for the symbol of eternity. An ordinary pile of uneven stones, once they are hewn and folded “beautifully”, turns into a pyramid. Since ancient times, it was with the pyramid that the class state itself was compared, because in each new layer of stones, if you go from bottom to top, there are less and less stones - like people in different layers of class society, and at the top - one stone: the symbol of the ruler. However, it is likely that this comparison, despite all its antiquity, nevertheless appeared after the very first pyramid was built. Well, the ancient Egyptians - those, apparently, materialized in the pyramid a sheaf of solar rays, the top of which is the sun. Since the sun was often identified with the pharaoh, the pyramid was also a symbol of power. There are many other explanations...

But if the theories invented to explain the shape of the pyramids and the conversion of people in different lands to this particular form, basically complement each other and fit into a kind of neat pyramid, then the hypotheses about megaliths repel each other. The device of megaliths is too complicated for coincidences in its plan at different parts of the world to be obtained by chance.

Journey of Megaliths - Journey of Worldviews

It seems to most historians that it is the wandering of megaliths around the world, and not their appearance in each country or at least part of the world on their own, without any influence from near or distant neighbors, that seems undoubted. At the same time, it is certainly true that the megaliths were not built by the same people. It seems that there is only one way out of this external contradiction: from people to people across Europe, Asia and Africa, the sum of ideas associated with megaliths was transmitted - not a simple thought of the courage of a huge burial structure, but precisely the sum of ideas associated with this idea.

In itself, the possibility of such a grandiose journey of entire systems of views - and it is evidenced, apparently, very weightily - says a lot about the really existing ties between the peoples of the distant past. To draw sufficiently far-reaching conclusions from this fact, many historians are hindered by the fact that we still know too little about megaliths and their builders. But even what has become known about both makes us see the tribes of our ancestors not at all as dark and separated from each other as it seemed.

Gordon Child, having listed and defeated the most popular assumptions about the common builders of all megaliths, with obvious relief and pleasure, passes on to people who also often buried their dead in dolmens, but apparently lived centuries after the dolmens were built. It was here that one could, it seemed, find traces of some kind of convenient people, whose groups of people wandered in a significant part of Europe. The groups are small - the burials of the "wanderers" do not form extensive cemeteries. And almost always and almost everywhere (with the exception of ventral Spain), such burials are found among the burials of people of other nations.

During excavations, the traces of these wanderers are recognized primarily by bell-shaped clay goblets. Archaeologists therefore attached to this tribe the name of the people of bell-shaped cups.

Child sees in the "wanderers" wandering around Europe a handful of armed merchants trading in gold and copper, amber and yam. With them traveled male metallurgists and women engaged in pottery. Travelers and made goblets. Child speaks of the owners of the cups as guides in establishing trade and other relations between the peoples of Europe. They also spread new methods of metal processing, in a word, according to Childe, they played the role of a kind of “pedlars of culture” throughout prehistoric Europe! However, their possible progressive role is greatly compromised by one circumstance...

Millet grains are sometimes found in the famous bell-shaped goblets, and hoppy beer was then brewed from millet. The power of the people of the bell-shaped goblets, if it existed, relied to the greatest extent on their "monopoly" on this invigorating drink. "Cup people" soldered the ancestors of those Europeans who millennia later came to North America not only with guns, but also with vodka.

The people of the bell-shaped cups lived a little more than thirty centuries ago - not such a long time. In the end, writing in Egypt and Sumer by that time had already existed for two thousand years. We know quite a lot about individual cultures and peoples of that time, but the "cup people" did not have a letter, and the tribes among which they lived too, and so far much more mysteries are associated with this people than answers to them.

The people of the bell-shaped goblets were to have a considerable influence on the culture of Europe. There are scientists who believe that the names of silver and lead both in the Indo-European languages ​​and in the Basque language go back to the unknown language of the "cup" people. It is possible that traces of their activities remained in Africa. The center from where the carriers of this culture came from was the Iberian Peninsula. In Central Europe, they probably met with the Indo-European tribes moving west around this time.

In this interaction, perhaps, the culture of Europeans on the eve of antiquity was forged.

Well, actually the builders of megaliths, at least some of them, nevertheless maintained ties with powerful Mediterranean civilizations. One of them, in the giant cromlech of Stonehenge, keeps two outfits: a bronze ax and a bronze dagger, the ax is local, many of these have been found in England, but the dagger is probably imported, and the point from which it was exported is known for sure: it is precisely such daggers that are found on Crete. From Crete to England, from the eastern Mediterranean to the northwestern edge of Europe, it is quite a long way. And it is possible, and even more likely, that at the beginning and middle of the 2nd millennium BC, no Cretans had yet reached England, and the British themselves did not even dream of serious sea voyages. Too many seas and lands lay in the way. Too many peoples walked on it - peoples who did not know the principles of international law. From people to people, through intermediaries, bronze daggers moved to England. However, not only daggers and not only to England. Hoards of axes and daggers, hoards with Baltic amber beads and Mediterranean opaque glass beads mark trade routes during the time of the creators of megaliths and the heirs of these creators.

The profession of a merchant was dangerous at that time. The strangers had a bad time. The traveler in Central Europe was then exposed to far greater dangers than the traveler in Central Africa in the 19th century. And yet, amber beads come from the Baltic to Italy, Greece, gold from Ireland arrives in Crete, archaeologists find Egyptian beads in Hungary, Holland, and England. All this is already in the first half of the II millennium BC. At the time when the last European megaliths were being built. Since things traveled, ceremonies could also travel. The idea that the dead could build tombs from huge stones could also travel.

Well, the similarity of the plans of megaliths in different countries! It is large, but some of the general details can be explained without the idea that people pass on scrupulously designed plans for tombs to people.

Or maybe with the help of such a small number of basic details, you won’t create too much variety if you don’t specifically try. And in general, the stone box repeats in an enlarged form the main features of the dwelling. And this wave is natural - everywhere people tried to give the burial structures the signs of ordinary houses, and it is not for nothing that the “coffin” in Ukrainian is called “domovina”.

Is it any wonder that stone boxes encircled Eurasia, walking along North Africa? And yet smart. Some megaliths that are far from each other have certain similarities that cannot be explained in this simple way.

From different sides, historians and archaeologists are trying on megaliths; dozens of theories and hundreds of hypotheses have already crashed on these giant stones. Burial mounds adjoin the dolmens in a peculiar way. The same idea of ​​fighting death and oblivion inspired the ancient Egyptians and European, Asian and African builders of megaliths, and inspired the Sarmatians to build artificial hills from stones and earth. The burial mounds are outwardly unlike megaliths, as well as pyramids. But many historians believe, nevertheless, that the creators of the mounds imitated the builders of the pyramids.

The origins of architecture date back to the Late Neolithic. It was then that stone was already used for the construction of monumental buildings. But the purpose of most of the monuments of that period that have come down to us is not known.

Megaliths(from Greek - big stone) - structures made of huge boulders, characteristic of the late Neolithic. All megaliths can be divided into two categories. The first includes the oldest architectural structures prehistoric (pre-literate) societies: menhirs, cromlechs, dolmens, temples of the island of Malta). For them, either not processed at all, or with minimal processing, stones were used. The cultures that left these monuments are called megalithic. The megalithic culture also includes labyrinths (structures made of small stones), and individual stones with petroglyphs (trackers). Also, buildings of more advanced societies (the tombs of Japanese emperors and the dolmens of the Korean nobility) are considered megalithic architecture.

The second category are structures of more developed architecture. These are mainly structures made of very large stones, which are given a geometrically regular shape. Such megalithic architecture is characteristic of early states, but was also built in later times. These are the monuments of the Mediterranean - the Egyptian pyramids, the buildings of the Mycenaean civilization, the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. In South America - some structures in Tiwanaku, Ollantaytambo, Sacsayhuaman. Tiwanaku, Sacsayhuamane, Ollantaytambo.

Menhir– it is usually a free-standing stone with traces of processing, sometimes oriented in some way or marking a certain direction.

Cromlech - it is a circle of standing stones, of varying degrees of preservation and with different orientations. The term "henge" has the same meaning. This term is usually used in relation to structures of this type in the UK. However, similar structures existed in the prehistoric era also in Germany (Goloring, Gosek circle) and in other countries.

Dolmen is something like a stone house.

All of them are united by the name " megaliths”, which translates simply as “big stones”. For the most part, according to some scientists, they served for burials or were associated with a funeral cult. There are other opinions as well. Apparently, megaliths are communal structures with a socializing function. Their construction was a most difficult task for primitive technology and required the unification of large masses of people.

Göbekli Tepe, Turkey Complex on Armenian Highlands considered the oldest of the largest megalithic structures (approximately X-IX millennium BC). At that time, people were still engaged in hunting and gathering, but someone was able to erect circles from huge steles with images of animals. The shape of the temple resembles concentric circles, of which there are about twenty. According to experts, the complex was deliberately covered with sand in the seventh millennium BC, so for more than nine thousand years the temple was hidden by the Göbekli Tepe hill, which was almost fifteen meters high and about three hundred meters in diameter.

Some megalithic structures were important ceremonial centers associated with the cult of the dead. For example, complex of more than 3,000 stones in Carnac (Brittany), France. Megaliths up to four meters high are arranged in slender alleys, the rows run parallel to each other or diverge like a fan, in some places they form circles. The complex dates back to the 5th-4th millennium BC. There were legends in Brittany that the great Merlin made the ranks of Roman legionnaires petrify.

Megaliths in Carnac (Brittany) France

Other megalithic complexes have been used to determine the timing of astronomical events such as the solstice and equinox. In the Nabta Playa area in the Nubian desert b A megalithic structure was found that served for astronomical purposes. This archaeoastronomical monument is 1000 years older than Stonehenge. The location of the megaliths allows you to determine the day of the summer solstice. Archaeologists believe that people lived here seasonally, when there was water in the lake, so they needed a calendar.

Nabta Observatory, Nubia, Sahara

Stonehenge is a structure of 82 five-ton megaliths, 30 stone blocks, weighing 25 tons each, and 5 huge so-called triliths, stones weighing up to 50 tons. Stacked stone blocks form arches that once served as a flawless indicator of the cardinal directions. Scientists suggest that this monument was built in 3100 BC by those who lived on British Isles tribes to observe the sun and moon. The ancient monolith is not only a solar and lunar calendar, as previously thought, but also an accurate cross-sectional model of the solar system.

Stonehenge, UK, Salisbury.

A mathematical comparison of the parameters of various geometric figures of the cromlech made it possible to establish that they all represent the reflection of the parameters of the various planets of our system, and model the orbits of their rotation around the Sun. But the most amazing thing is that Stonehenge depicts the orbits of 12 planets of the solar system, although today it is believed that there are only 9 of them. Astronomers have long hypothesized that there are two more planets unknown to us beyond the outer orbit of Pluto, and the asteroid belt, which is located between the orbits Mars and Jupiter, these are the remains of the once-existing twelfth planet of the solar system. How could the ancient builders know about this?

Is there some more interesting version about the appointment of Stonehenge. The excavation of the path, along which ritual processions went in ancient times, confirms the hypothesis that Stonehenge was built along the relief of the ice age, which ended up on the axis of the solstice. The place was special: an amazing natural landscape was located on the very axis of the solstice, as if connecting earth and sky.

Cromlech Brougar or Temple of the Sun , Orkney Islands. Initially it had 60 elements, but now it consists of 27 rocks. Brougar's cromlech or Brodgar's ring has been dated by archaeologists to 2500 - 2000 BC. The area where the Brodgar monument is located is ritual, sacred, communicative. It is literally stuffed with mounds, group and individual burials, even a "cathedral", as well as dwellings and villages of Neolithic people. All these monuments are combined into a single complex protected by UNESCO. Archaeological research is currently underway in the Orkney Islands.

Cromlech Brougar or Temple of the Sun, Orkney

Dolmens. Scientists believe that the approximate age dolmens 3–10 thousand years old. The most famous dolmens are in Scandinavia, on the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts Europe and Africa, on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, on the Kuban region, in India. However, most of them are in the Caucasus - about 2.5 thousand! Here along the coast of the Black Sea (megaliths generally gravitate towards the seas) you can find "classic" tiled dolmens, monolithic dolmens, completely hollowed out in the rock, dolmen structures from a combination of stone slabs and blocks laid in two or more rows. They also talk about the spiritual filling of these amazing structures, their energy charges.

Dolmen in the Zhane river valley

maltese temples were built long before the Egyptian pyramids - in the Bronze Age. Their age is over 5000 years. It is curious that all these structures were built without the use of iron tools. The scale of all megaliths is so grandiose that locals believed that they were built by giant giants. It still remains an open question how the ancient people managed to build such tall buildings from huge stones up to 7 meters in size and weighing up to 20 tons without using a binder solution, if we remember that the temples were built even before the invention of the wheel. Scientists have established that the cultures of prehistoric Malta are largely associated with Sicily, therefore, it is possible that Malta was the cult center of the peoples of the Sicilian Neolithic.

There is not a single temple that has survived in its original form to this day. It is believed that only four of all have survived relatively intact - the temples of Ggantiy, Hajar Kvim, Mnajdra and Tarshin. Although they suffered the sad fate of not entirely reliable reconstruction.

Ggantija Temples in Shara(Xaghra - "giant") are located in the center of the island of Gozo and are one of the most important archaeological sites in the world. Today, the Ggantija temples are believed to have been built around 3600 BC.

The structure consists of two separate temples with different entrances, but a common rear wall. Each of the temples has a somewhat concave facade, in front of which is a platform of large stone blocks. Most ancient temple The complex consists of three semicircular rooms arranged in the shape of a trefoil.

Modern scholars believe that such a trinity symbolizes the past, present and future or birth, life and death. According to a popular version, the temple complex was a sanctuary for worshiping the goddess of fertility. Such a conclusion is helped to make findings discovered during archaeological work. But there is another version, according to which Ggantija is nothing but a tomb. The people of the megalithic era really gave too much effort and time to the observance of traditions. Honoring their ancestors, they erected grandiose tombs, and later, these places were used as sanctuaries where they worshiped the gods.

Megaliths, huge structures made of massive stone blocks, are also found in our country. There are a lot of such structures in Russia, but they are not known as the famous Stonehenge in the UK or Ollantaytambo in Peru. We will get acquainted with the ancient megalithic structures found on the territory of Russia further.

The first place to start the journey is Mount Vottovaara - highest point West Karelian Upland - 417.3 m above sea level. The area of ​​the mountain is 6 square meters. km.
The place is just full strange artifacts after which you start to think about the ancient highly developed technologies for stone processing, let's take a better look at the photo.

Mount Vottovaara.
Scattered blocks of megaliths.

The middle block was cut at an angle of 90 degrees or a game of nature?

It was as if a laser had been carried out :) geologists believe that cracks and faults were formed as a result of a strong earthquake about 9 thousand years ago. The even planes of the stones are the result of the properties of the local rock - quartzite, the structure of which sets such even planes when split.

So is it nature or man-made? Let's take a closer look.

More like perfectly sawn blocks tightly fitted to each other. It is hard to imagine an ancient ancestor with a copper chisel who, somewhere on the mountain, grinds such even blocks.

Good angle, perfectly flat wall.

Who lost the ball?

Here, obviously, high technologies for stone processing could not have been done, or is it still a game of nature? :)

Mount Pidan.
At first glance, it looks like an unremarkable pile of stones of a cracked rock.

But coming closer, it becomes more like a megalithic masonry.

Looking between the blocks, where the stones were less affected by erosion from wind and rain, one can see man-made and how smooth edges have been preserved.

In the place where the junction of the blocks parted, you can see an even saw cut and the technology of laying these blocks opens before us.

Stone town in the Perm region.
According to scientists, the Stone City is the mouth of a river that flowed into the Perm Sea millions of years ago, this is what explains beautifully and evenly, at right angles, carved stones, their neat laying and “mouths” perpendicular to each other.

Stone city.

See what smooth sides of the megaliths, as if cut down.

Again, the old method is to look between the blocks inside the masonry, look at the far block in the center, an even cut along the entire length of the block.

They say somewhere on the Kola Peninsula there is this pool carved right into the rock.

On South Western Siberia in mountain Shoria in the Mezhdurechensk region there is a small geological settlement called Kameshki.
Several educated talented geologists live in this village. These are Alexander Bespalov, Vyacheslav Pochetkin and others. These people have been doing research all their lives. mountain systems Western Siberia. Once they came across strange megalithic structures in the mountains, which they could not explain to themselves. These were walls made of giant stone blocks and strange buildings with vertically mounted stone obelisks. They contacted Georgy Sidorov via the Internet, and this is how the first expedition was assembled.

Mountain Shoria.
Some of the granite blocks below were made of red granite, crowned with blocks of gray granite, and above lay a polygonal masonry of various blocks, both red granite and gray.

Granite in some places melted from exposure to huge temperatures and flowed under the weight of the upper rows. Kungurov would say about this that these are traces of melting from a thermonuclear explosion :)

The wall is composed of polygonal masonry of multi-colored blocks.

The size of the blocks is impressive, according to one version, the find is a man-made structure over 100 thousand years old.

In the photo, Georgy Sidorov, in his opinion, all this megalithic structure may be the ruins of an ancient power plant or power plant, which translated seismic energy into some others.

Looking again inside the masonry where the blocks were less prone to erosion, even straight edges are visible, see how the two blocks lie tightly, man-made is better visible here.

Polygonal masonry.

Mountain Shoria. Huge blocks.
at the Department of Radiophysics at Tomsk State University, they showed photographs on the screen, talked about various types of masonry, about stone castles that hold giant granite blocks together, and not a single physicist said that all this was of natural origin. Most of all, they were surprised how the ancients could lift giant stone blocks to a height of more than 1000 meters and install them there on a special platform.

Then, in the Tomsk branch of the Russian Geographical Society, photographs were studied by geologists and geographers. Both those and others came to the conclusion that the presented artifacts are man-made.

Sklyarov was asked to comment on the find. And what did he say? That all the artifacts found are nothing but rocks cracked at right angles. That there is nothing man-made here. Just a game of nature, nothing more.
After these words, I am not surprised why LAI does not study Russian megaliths.

Between blocks.

For comparison, on the left is the megalith in Baalbek, on the right is the megalith in the mountain Shoria, it looks like the author is the same :)

Mount Shaman near the village. Nizhnetambovskoye, Khabarovsk region.

Ancient megalithic masonry.

Again, between the blocks, man-made and straight lines are better visible.

Big block megalith.

A large block of megaliths on small stones, this is done for better seismic resistance.

Megalithic masonry resembles Mountain Shoria.

Kabardino-Balkaria, a cave in the Baksan Gorge.
First you need to squeeze into a hole measuring 40 by 120 cm, then descend on a rope along a narrow vertical shaft. It is formed by two parallel stone slabs. After 9 meters - the first "knee": the hole goes to the side and immediately breaks down again. Already here you will be covered by absolute silence - not a sound penetrates from outside. Another 23 meters deep - and a new "knee". To reach the bottom of the cave, you need to overcome more than 80 meters, and it will take an hour. But, having passed the "bottleneck", you will find yourself in a huge room, which the researchers called the "flask". Inside, we will see processed walls made of tuff and granite, built of polished megaliths of different sizes, tightly fitted to each other.

Descent into the cave.

The edges of the blocks and the seams between them are clearly visible.

The even masonry is striking and the seams are clearly adjusted to each other.

The trihedral blocks parted a little.

Barely visible block seams on the left crescent wall and on the wall behind it.

how do you like the seams?

Rotate the cave at an angle of 90 degrees. Two large megalithic blocks stand on top of each other.

Stone processing technologies are striking, and even more striking is the comment of Vera Davidenko, head of the Kabardino-Balkarian geological exploration expedition, but she is a realist and believes that nature can do everything and concluded: “Tuff is an accumulation of ejection products of a volcano - ash, fragments of lava , volcanic glass and, to a small extent, rock fragments that make up the walls of the crater. The ejecta material during accumulation was hot, and therefore, during solidification, separate cracks formed - that is, the entire tuff massif turned out to be, as it were, broken into blocks. The depression discovered near the village of Zayukovo is one of those cracks of gravitational separation, which is characterized by smooth contact surfaces, ”but this is the head of the geological exploration expedition, she probably knows better.

Structure diagram.

A bit of fantasy for the finale) Arakul Shikhan, a strange structure in the middle of the forest. I have everything, kick :)

The term "megaliths" (English - megaliths) comes from the Greek words μέγας - large, λίθος - stone. Megaliths are structures made of stone blocks or blocks, from different rocks, of various modifications, sizes and shapes, combined and installed in such an order that these blocks / blocks represent a single monumental structure.

Stone blocks in megalithic structures weigh from a few kilograms to hundreds and even thousands of tons. Individual structures are so huge and unique that it is not at all clear how they were built. Also in the scientific world there is no consensus regarding the technologies of the ancient builders.

Some megaliths seemed to be carved (processed) with some tools, some objects seemed to be cast from liquid materials, and some objects have traces of clearly artificial processing of unknown technologies.

Megalithic culture is represented in absolutely all countries of the world, on land and under water (and…probably not only on our planet..). The age of megaliths is different, the main period of megalithic construction is determined from the 8th to the 1st millennium BC, although some objects have much more ancient origin which is often denied by mainstream science. Megalithic monuments of a later period - 1-2 millennium AD are also widely represented.

Classification and types of megaliths

According to their classification, megaliths are divided into separate categories:

• megalithic complexes (ancient cities, settlements, temples, fortress-forts, ancient
• observatories, palaces, towers, walls, etc.);
• pyramids and pyramidal mountain complexes;
• mounds, ziggurats, kofuns, cairns, tumuluses, tombs, galleries, chambers, etc.;
• dolmens, triliths, etc.;
• menhirs (standing stones, stone alleys, statues, etc.);
• seids, blue stones, tracker stones, cup stones, altar stones, etc.;
• stones / rocks with ancient images - petroglyphs;
• rock, cave and underground structures;
• stone labyrinths (surads);
• geoglyphs;
• and etc.

There are many hypotheses about the purpose of megaliths, however, there are some features that are characteristic of many megaliths of the world, regardless of their classification, modification, size, etc. - this is their external similarity, location (geolocation), geophysical characteristics and belonging to some highly developed civilizations. The study of (sites of) megaliths by methods of geophysics and dowsing began in the 20th century. During the study, it was absolutely precisely established that the places for the construction of megaliths were not chosen by chance, very often megaliths are located on the sites (near) dowsing anomalies (in geopathogenic zones of different frequencies - near or on a tectonic fault in the earth's crust).

Thus, it can be assumed that the generator of these waves of different frequencies are tectonic faults, and stone structures in this case play the role of multifunctional acoustic devices that resonate with this frequency.

It turns out that megaliths can influence human bioenergetics! This allows you to effectively correct the human biofield by influencing both its energy points of the body and individual systems.

In ancient times, dedicated priests were engaged in such practices, and this was practiced with the help of various rites and rituals.

With the help of stones, ancient priests, shamans, healers communicated with the spirits of departed ancestors, with the gods, received the answers they were interested in, treated illnesses, etc., and also made offerings-requirements (not sacrifices, which appeared later and most likely not by the creators of megaliths). Knowledge about this was first distorted, then completely erased.

Almost everywhere near the megaliths there was or is water (any reservoir, stream, spring, etc.)! Often the orientation of megaliths is just directed towards the water, this is especially clearly seen in the example of most of the dolmens Krasnodar Territory, which in turn, not without reason, are the standard in the dolmen structure.

It is also worth mentioning the orientation of many megaliths to the cardinal points, taking into account some astronomical features.

Often, when studying megaliths, one gets the impression that over time the builders somehow lost the ability to erect stone buildings and over time the megaliths became like only distant copies of the original structures.

Perhaps, for some reason, the ancients lost that knowledge and technology, and most importantly, the need for megalith building was also lost over time.

However, despite the time, megalith building in the world continues to exist. Even today in Sumatra (Indonesia), people continue to create funerary stone monuments outwardly similar to ancient megaliths, thus preserving the memory and customs of their ancestors.

In many places of the world, traditions, legends and stories have been preserved that many megaliths are associated with the reincarnations of dead people.

Many megaliths are closely related to astrology, in connection with this, a new direction of researchers of antiquities has arisen - archaeoastronomy. It is archaeoastronomers who are engaged in the study of the astronomical aspect in megalithic construction. It was archaeoastronomers who proved many hypotheses regarding the purpose of many ancient stone structures.

Some megalithic structures were created to determine the major solar and lunar cycles of the year. These objects served as calendars and observatories for observing celestial bodies.

Megaliths - a legacy of ancient civilizations

Unfortunately, in our time, in all corners of the world, for various reasons, the trend of destroying ancient monuments continues, but all over the world, new finds of ancient structures also continue to be discovered.

Many studies and the objects themselves are stubbornly hushed up by official departments, or dates are deliberately incorrectly determined and the reports and conclusions of scientists are falsified, because. many objects simply do not fit into the generally accepted chronology of our civilization.

Megaliths are the very objects that connect us with the distant past, with the deep past, and it can definitely be argued that they have not yet revealed all their secrets to people ...