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Many articles and publications have been written about the pyramids of Egypt. In Egypt, there are about a hundred pyramids - large and small, stepped and with smooth sides, which have come down to us almost unchanged and look more like a shapeless pile of stones.

They are located along the left, western bank of the Nile in small groups, not far from the place where the capital of the country, Memphis, was located in the era of the ancient kingdom.

The most famous of the pyramids are on the outskirts of Cairo, on the edge of the desert plateau of Giza, hanging over the green valley of the Nile. Here, in Giza, there are three great pyramids - Cheops, Khafre and Menkaure.

Even in ancient times, the pyramids of Giza were considered one of the seven "wonders of the world." But even today they are able to hit anyone.

The largest of them is the pyramid of Cheops, the second pharaoh of the IV dynasty. This pyramid is still the largest architectural creation of human hands.

At the base, it is a square with a side of 230 meters. Height during construction - 147 meters and now the pyramid is 9 meters lower: the upper stones fell during earthquakes. Tilt angle 50'.

The construction of the pyramid, and it was completed around 2590 BC, took 2.3 million hewn stone blocks weighing two and a half tons each.

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Many years of research by scientists have shown how the pyramids were created. Stone blocks were cut down in Mount Mukattam on the other side of the Nile. ancient quarries are still clearly visible.

Then they were delivered on ships to Giza through a channel specially dug for this purpose. Recently, archaeologists have found a pier near the pyramids. The blocks were dragged onto the pyramid along an inclined earth embankment.

There are no inscriptions or decorations inside the Cheops pyramid. There are three burial chambers. The burial chamber of the pharaoh is a room about 11 meters long, five meters wide and almost six meters high.

The walls of the tomb are finished with granite slabs. The red granite sarcophagus is empty. Neither the pharaoh's mummy nor grave goods have been found. It is believed that the pyramid was plundered in ancient times.

The second largest pyramid of Giza belongs to the pharaoh Khafre. It was built 40 years later than the first one. Sometimes it seems that the pyramid of Khafre is even larger than that of Cheops.

In fact, it is slightly smaller. The side of the square base of the Khafre pyramid is 215 meters. Height - 136 meters. However, in ancient times, like the pyramid of Cheops, it was 9 meters higher. The angle of inclination is sharper than that of the first pyramid: 53 degrees and 8 minutes.

The pyramid of Menkaure completes the ensemble of the great pyramids of Giza. Its construction was completed in 2505 BC. This pyramid is much smaller than its predecessors. The side of the base is 108 meters, the height is 66 meters, the angle of inclination is 51 degrees. The only burial chamber of the pyramid is carved into its rocky base.

The Pyramid of Menkaure emphasizes the greatness of the pyramids of Cheops and Khafre. The latter are easy to distinguish from each other: at the pyramid of Khafre, near the top, a white basalt lining has been partially preserved.

The Great Pyramids are part of the vast Giza necropolis. Next to them are several small pyramids, where the wives of the pharaohs, the tombs of priests and high officials are buried.

At the foot of the Giza plateau are the funerary temples and the Great Sphinx.
Sphinx. Each of the great pyramids also had a triune complex: the lower funerary temple - the road - the upper funerary temple. But this complex has been preserved in a more or less complete form only at the pyramid of Khafre.

The stone-paved road from the lower temple, where embalming was carried out, to the upper one, where they said goodbye to the pharaoh before burial, stretched for more than half a kilometer.

Near the lower granite temple, devoid of a roof, lie the ruins of the temple of the Sphinx. And behind them, the ancient guardian himself turned his gaze to the east

Great Sphinx

The Sphinx, a resting lion with a human head, is the largest monolithic sculpture.

It is 80 meters long and 20 meters high.

It is believed that the sphinx was carved during the construction of Khafre, and its face bears the features of this pharaoh

About the pyramids of Egypt. ENERGY OF THE PYRAMIDS

But according to the statements of the famous clairvoyant E. Casey, the Great Pyramid stores chronicles and objects of the Atlanteans, proving the existence of highly developed science and technology in distant past, and the Pyramid itself was built between 10490 and 10390 years BC.

Egyptologists, however, believe that the large Giza Cheops, Khafre and Mykerin, which have a classical pyramidal shape, were erected during the Old Kingdom during the IV dynasty of the pharaohs, that is, approximately 2800-2250 BC. BC.

The starting point of most existing hypotheses about the functional purpose of the Great Pyramid - to be the tomb of the pharaoh, is opposed by the opinion of a different purpose, hidden from the uninitiated.

About the pyramids of Egypt. ESOTERIC PYRAMIDS

The word pyramid comes from the Greek "pyramis", etymologically related to "feast" - "fire", denoting the symbolic representation of the One Divine Flame, the life of all creatures.

Initiates of the past considered the pyramid to be the ideal symbol of the Secret Doctrine - a symbol of the hierarchy that exists in the universe. The square base of the pyramid denotes the earth, its four sides are the four elements of matter or substance, from the combination of which material nature is created.

The triangular sides are oriented towards the four cardinal points, which symbolizes the opposites of heat and cold (south and north), light and darkness (east and west).

The triangles rising from each side of the base with their apex upwards serve as a symbol of the Divine being, the Spirit, enclosed in a four-dimensional material nature.

The sum of the sides of the base is four, which corresponds to matter, triangles - three, which corresponds to the Spirit.

The sum of the sides of the base and the triangle is seven, symbolizing the perfect man, expressing his True Nature, which consists in the union of spirit and flesh. The head of a person is symbolized by a three, a triangle, and four limbs by a four, and the location of the three over the four means the dominance of spirit over matter.

The sum of the sides of the four surfaces of the pyramid is twelve, which corresponds to the twelve signs of the zodiac.

The three main chambers of the pyramid correspond to the human brain, heart and reproductive system, as well as to its three main energy centers.

The main purpose of the Great Pyramid was carefully concealed. It was neither a pharaoh's tomb nor an observatory, but a gigantic, most powerful generator of special energy used by the pharaoh and priests for various purposes.

According to esoteric doctrine, the Great Pyramid was the first temple of the Mysteries, repository of secret truths underlying all the arts and sciences, the entire universe

The technique and ritual of the Mysteries were created by the mythical Master of the Hidden House, who dwelt in the Great Pyramid invisibly to all but those with second sight.

The Mysteries teach that Divine energy descends to the top of the pyramid, from which it spreads along the inclined sides, spreading over the world. The stone crowning the pyramid, which is currently missing, was probably a miniature pyramid, repeating the entire structure of the main one.

Thus, the Great Pyramid was likened to the Universe, and the crowning stone was likened to a person.

Following this analogy, the mind is the crowning stone of a person, the spirit is the crowning stone of the mind, and God, as a prototype of the entire structure of the pyramid as a whole, is the crowning stone of the spirit.

Like a rough and unhewn stone being turned into one of the stone blocks of the pyramid, a common person through a secret development system

Mystery is gradually transformed into a true and perfect stone crowning the pyramid.

Spiritual construction is completed only when the initiate himself becomes the peak through which the Divine power spreads into the surrounding world.

The Sphinx also served as an entrance through mystical passages, and initiates passed through the inner chambers.

They entered as people and came out transformed as Gods, finding in the Great Pyramid - the bosom of the Mysteries a "second birth".

How this happened is the secret of the secrets of the pyramid. One can only assume, but it is quite possible that the huge energy of the Cheops pyramid accumulated by the form, focused at the location of the sarcophagus in the royal room with the help of a special structure located above it, served as the main field factor that made possible the accelerated transformation of man.

In the king's chamber, the initiate was buried for several days in a huge sarcophagus, where the Great Work (Magnum Orus) was performed to achieve individual completion.

The initiate was shown the method of separating the spiritual body from the physical body and was given a key secret and unpronounceable name denoting the Supreme Deity.

This knowledge made man and God aware of each other, and having been initiated into the highest degrees of the Mystery, he himself became a Pyramid, gaining the ability to bring the light of spiritual transformation to other human beings.

Stimulated by the secret processes in the Mysteries, man's consciousness expanded and he got the opportunity to see the Immortals - those who were already at the highest stage of evolutionary development.

“Medicine of the future will refuse injections and medicines. The old therapeutic arsenal will be replaced by new types of radiation, only some of which we are starting to discover.”

About the pyramids of Egypt. SHAPE EFFECT

The ancient Egyptians not only knew about the existence of radiation created by the shape and mass of an object, but also knew how to use them for a variety of purposes: in the construction of pyramids, special concentrators that had "magic power" different directions - from healing, creative, to shielding and destroying.

This area, which undoubtedly represents part of the knowledge of the Atlanteans, is currently being studied and is just beginning to be used, but it is already clear that it will become the science of the future.

Recent studies have shown that all objects of the surrounding world emit and, in addition to the main radiation inherent in the substance of which they are composed, create a specific radiation due to their shape.

Experiments have shown that the force of radiation of a form depends not only on its orientation in space, volume and mass, but also on time and its location.

The strength of any field increases with the curvature of its isointensity lines. This is the reason for the spike effect.

This also applies to the energy of forms: the concentration of the psi-field occurs along a line or at the point of intersection of surfaces, especially if several of them intersect at once.

As a result of this, the influence of the surfaces themselves is reduced to a minimum and it becomes possible to do without them altogether, limiting themselves to only edges - a wire or tube frame of one or another polyhedron.

The area covered by the frame is essential, so the capacity of any battery is related to its size. The same reason determines the large energy capacity of capillary-porous bodies.

The colossal radiation power in the giant pyramid of Cheops becomes clear. Using models of small-sized forms, it is possible to increase their strength due to the total radiation of identical objects connected to each other in the form of battery links. Let us dwell on the results of studies of the radiation of characteristic forms.

PHENOMENON OF PYRAMID STRUCTURES

The first of our contemporaries who established a number of unusual phenomena associated with the pyramid was the French scientist Anthony Bovy.

Exploring the pyramid of Cheops during the thirties, he discovered that the bodies of small animals that accidentally got into the royal room were mummified.

Returning to France, he built a wooden model of a pyramid with a base length of about one meter.

Orienting it to the cardinal points and placing it in the location of the royal room, i.e. about 1/3 of the distance from the base to the top of the body of a dead cat, he found it mummified a few days later.

He achieved the same effect with other organic substances, which, when mummified, did not deteriorate and did not rot.

A. Bovi's research did not arouse any interest until the fifties, until the Czech engineer Karel Drban became interested in them, who not only reproduced the results of A. Bovi's experiments, but also discovered a connection between the shape of the pyramid space and the biological and physico-chemical processes occurring in it. space.

It turned out that by changing the size of the pyramid, it is possible to influence the ongoing processes, accelerating or slowing them down.

A very famous discovery by K.Drban turned out to be that the energy of the pyramid, oriented by the sides to the geomagnetic poles, sharpens the razor blade placed in it, provided that it is located at the level of 1/3 of the height from the base of the pyramid at a right angle to the geomagnetic meridian.

The invention was patented and a plastic device "Razor Sharpener" was produced. "The Pyramid of Cheops", which allowed the same razor blade to be used repeatedly.

Since the 1950s, there have been more and more patents.

It turned out that the energy of the pyramid shape "can do" a lot: instant coffee, after standing over the pyramid, acquires the taste of natural; cheap wines improve their taste; water acquires properties to promote healing, tones the body, reduces the inflammatory reaction after bites, burns and acts as a natural aid to improve digestion; meat, fish, eggs, vegetables, fruits are mummified, but do not deteriorate; milk does not sour for a long time; the cheese doesn't mold.

Sitting under the pyramid improves the process of meditation, reduces the intensity of headaches and toothaches, and speeds up the healing of wounds and ulcers. Pyramids eliminate the geopathic impact around them and harmonize the interior spaces.

Studies conducted in the sixties by the famous Kabbalist and Egyptologist Enel (his real name was Mikhail Vladimirovich Saryatin, 1883-1963) showed that the radiation of the pyramid has a complex structure and special properties.

They singled out several beams: a beam called Pi, under the influence of which the destruction of tumor cells occurs; a ray that causes mummification (drying) and the destruction of microorganisms and the mysterious Omega ray, under the influence of which products do not deteriorate for a long time and which has a beneficial effect on the human body. Enel was the first to suggest that it was this concentrated beam that the initiates were exposed to during initiation in the sarcophagus of the royal room.

Subsequent studies have shown that due to a wide range of frequencies, some of which are identical to the frequencies of vibrations of healthy cellular structures of biological objects, the radiation of the pyramid is a harmonizing effect that adjusts to optimal functioning.

The French radioesthesists L. Chaumery and A. de Belizal (1976) were the first to suggest the role of the Great Pyramid as a transmitting station.

They showed that due to the huge mass, the pyramid-shaped radiation reached such strength that with very long distance with the help of a pyramid model, it was possible to determine this radiation, and without a compass, accurately orient it. The route of a ship in the sea or a caravan in the desert along it. Scientists were especially intrigued by the existing in the design

The Great Pyramid has a feature - it was not finished to the top. In fact, its top is formed not by four faces, but by a platform with dimensions of 6x6 meters.

The radiesthesia studies carried out by D. Chaumery and A. de Belizal made it possible to establish that a false vibratory prism was formed by such a design, which created radiation that descended vertically to the base of the pyramid.

The pharaoh's room, which was outside the area of ​​distribution of this beam, avoided this influence, but it had to capture the hitherto undiscovered underground room, located well below ground level.

The data obtained by French researchers, as well as the purpose of the mysterious structure of four elements established by Enel (1958), which creates radiation directed at the sarcophagus of the royal room, suggests that the Great Pyramid was used as a transceiver multifunctional device with a huge range of action, inside which other laws than in the world around her.

The studies of L. Alvarez, carried out in 1969, who installed cosmic radiation counters in the pyramid of Khafre, caused a huge resonance in the scientific world. The geometry of the pyramid inexplicably disrupted the operation of the instruments, forcing scientists to stop their implementation.

This attempt, like many others, revealed another feature of the study of the pyramids - with each new study, more new questions arise than answers.

VARIETY OF SHAPE EFFECTS

Mummies radiation. The art of Egyptian embalming consisted not only in the use of pharmacological substances and the placement of mummies in certain zones, where the radiation of the form of burial structures was focused.

Radioaesthetic studies using a universal pendulum, conducted by L. Chaumery and A. de Belizal, showed the fundamental importance of the location of the parts of the mummified body: the legs touch, the arms are folded on top of the body, the hands are closed at the level of the elbows, each hand is located on the opposite side of the body.

It is this form that directs radiation along the axis of the body and, through two perpendicular planes of radiation distribution, contributes to the process of uniform mummification, transforming the entire body into a powerful wave emitter.

In this case, the maximum value of the field is achieved at the level of the location of the forearms.

The discovered effect allowed scientists to solve another mystery - the protection of the burial place from robbers was provided by the mummies themselves.

This was achieved by placing a strong poison in the embalmed body in the region of the solar plexus.

The shape of the mummy created a carrier wave, and the poison - a harmful carried wave, forming around itself a powerful radiation that killed an uninvited guest.

To this basic protection of the tombs, the damaging radiation of compositions of figures or drawings on the walls of the burial chamber was also added. However, microbiology also stood guard over the secrets of the pyramids: one of the research expeditions died due to infection with the fungus Aspergillus.

Nowadays, this disease is successfully treated.

PRACTICE OF USING THE ENERGY OF THE PYRAMIDS

The pyramid, provided that it is oriented with its base edges to the cardinal points, turns into a cosmic energy accumulator or, according to the terminology of A.I. Veinik, into a chronal accumulator.

For a better understanding of the ongoing processes, let us briefly dwell on the concept of the chronal field of the famous Belarusian scientist A.I. Veinik, who created a number of devices that demonstrate the reality of phenomena that are impossible from the point of view of official science.

According to AI Veinik's hypothesis, there is a large class of microparticles, called chronons, whose mass is millions and billions of times less than an electron. In physics, such particles are called leptons.

The speed of their movement is from several meters per second to multiple times the speed of light.

Chronons of two signs, positive and negative, determined by their spin, were found.

At the same time, chronons of the same name are attracted, and opposite ones are repelled. The chronons carry full information about any object that emits them.

All physical, chemical and other processes occurring in animate and inanimate nature are accompanied by radiation and an increase in the number of chronons.

The totality of the chronal nanofield and the chronons contained in it (chronal gas) is called the chronal field. Along with the air that creates the atmosphere around the Earth, chronal gas forms the chronosphere.

The latter is continuously replenished from the Cosmos, being the main source of the chronal field.

In this case, the most powerful flow of chronal radiation comes from the Sun, but all other astronomical objects also contribute their specific chronal radiation to this general flow.

One of the features of the chronal field is its manifestation during the movement, rotation and vibration of the object, which is used to create generators of chronal radiation.

The flow of liquid and gas is also accompanied by the manifestation of a chronal field, which, in the case of groundwater, creates harmful radiation that can damage people's health if a residential building is located above it.

Vibrations not only generate a chronal field, but also shed a chronal charge from the body.

Rotating bodies radiate a rotating chronal field. Combustion, evaporation and condensation of steam, melting and solidification - all these processes are characterized by the simultaneous manifestation of specific radiation of the chronal field.

Light radiation is accompanied by a stream of chronons entrained by photons, so any light source is the simplest generator of continuous chronal radiation.

At the same time, by selecting the material, light filters and the design of the device, it is possible to purposefully change the properties of the chronons.

Similar to this phenomenon, electric current, electron emission, electromagnetic and magnetic fields can also be chronal generators, which is already widely used in the transfer of information (imprinting) specific to one object to another using electromagnetic radiation.

Man himself is a characteristic and important source of the chronal field. Life lines or meridians of his body are chronal channels, and biologically active points are emitters of the chronal field.

The main source of human chronal radiation is the brain. Therefore, a person through the eyes can significantly affect the course of any study of chronal radiation, especially if he is specially prepared. The chronal field has a decisive influence on the regulatory processes of the human body, and each organ has a strictly defined chronal specificity.

The corresponding chronal radiation of yoga is called the aura. It is not recorded directly by photographic film, but due to the indirect drag of chronons by other particles, it can be recorded, which is used in the methods of A.V. Zolotov and Kirlian.

Chronal radiation coming from the Cosmos can be captured using various geometric shapes, using them as batteries.

The chronal field accumulates in them relatively quickly, reaching its maximum power in a few days, while charging not only the battery itself, but also objects located in its immediate vicinity.

Let us now turn to the practical use of one of the most widely used chronological accumulators - the pyramid.

The pyramid model can be monolithic, hollow, made of plastic, metal, glass, cardboard, etc., or it can be represented by a frame made of copper wire or tubes.

The most commonly used pyramids are 10 - 15 cm high. Larger models are used to store perishable products or for special purposes.

The chronal field reaches its greatest intensity in the lower third of the pyramid, then at its top, then in decreasing magnitudes at the four corners of its base, and finally at its ribs.

Making a pyramid model is easy. It is built according to certain proportions, based on the value of its height (H).

The remaining necessary indicators are determined by the formulas: the length of the side rib = H x 1.4945; base side length = H x 1.57075.

In the figure below, as an example, is a drawing of the constituent elements of a model of a miniature pyramid 10 cm high, made of thick cardboard, which is used to sharpen safety razor blades.

Having made a copy of the given drawings in the appropriate scale and having checked the angles of the triangles that make up the sides of the pyramid, cut out the four elements presented from thick cardboard on it. Glue, respectively, the sides of the pyramid with the bottom, and the pedestal for the location of the razor blade with the base.

Additionally, glue two cylindrical holders made of cardboard or pieces of plastic to the pedestal, fixing them along the axial line of the upper plane of the pedestal at the locations of the blade holes. The dimensions of the pedestal are proportionally smaller than the blade, so that its edges protrude along the perimeter.

Cylindrical holders of the appropriate diameter do not allow displacement of the razor blade. Having placed the blade on the pedestal, the base is placed in the cutout of the bottom of the pyramid model.

The device is assembled and ready to go.

It remains only to fulfill four mandatory conditions:

1) using a compass, orient the center line of the pyramid model along the geomagnetic meridian, in the north-south direction;
2) install a pyramid model oriented to the cardinal points in a place remote from reinforced concrete reinforcement;
3) always place the razor blade on the pedestal with the same side, guided by its marking;
4) do not move the blade when placing the pedestal into the pyramid model.

In the same way, you can “sharpen” razor blades of various sizes, but for this you need to prepare interchangeable pedestals, the dimensions of which will correspond to one or another blade.

In these cases, the sharpened side (sides) of the blade should also protrude a few millimeters beyond the edges of the pedestal, and its center line should run parallel to it.

The key factors in realizing the self-sharpening effect of the blade are: the size of the pyramid model, its orientation in the north-south direction, and the placement of the blade in the pyramid at a height of one third from the base. After 12 hours the blade is like new.

Changes occur in the material of the cutting side(s), allowing one blade to shave up to 50-200 times, depending on the quality of the metal and the individual characteristics of the hair.

The better the dielectric properties of the material from which the pyramid model is made, the more effective the “self-sharpening” of the blade.

For several centuries, the mysteries of Ancient Egypt have been in the center of attention of historians and archaeologists. When it comes to this ancient civilization, first of all, the grandiose pyramids are remembered, many of whose secrets have not yet been disclosed. Among such mysteries, which are still far from being solved, is the construction of a great structure - the largest pyramid of Cheops that has come down to our time.

Known and mysterious civilization

Of all the oldest civilizations, the culture of ancient Egypt is perhaps the most well studied. And the point here is not only in the many historical artifacts that have survived to this day and architectural monuments but also in an abundance of written sources. Even historians and geographers of Antiquity paid attention to this country and, describing the culture and religion of the Egyptians, did not ignore the construction of the great pyramids in Ancient Egypt.

And when in the XIX century the Frenchman Champollion was able to decipher the hieroglyphic letter of this ancient people, scientists gained access to a huge amount of information in the form of papyri, stone stelae with hieroglyphs and numerous inscriptions on the walls of tombs and temples.

The history of the ancient Egyptian civilization spans almost 40 centuries, and there are many interesting, bright and often mysterious pages in it. But it attracts the most attention ancient kingdom, the great pharaohs, the construction of the pyramids and mysteries associated with them.

When were the pyramids built

The era that Egyptologists call the Old Kingdom lasted from 3000 to 2100 BC. e., just at this time, the Egyptian rulers were fond of building pyramids. All tombs erected earlier or later are much smaller in size, and their quality is worse, which affected their safety. It seems that the heirs of the architects of the great pharaohs lost the knowledge of their ancestors at once. Or were they completely different people who replaced the disappeared race, it is not clear where?

Pyramids were built in the period and even later, in the era of the Ptolemies. But not all pharaohs “ordered” similar tombs for themselves. So, at present, more than a hundred pyramids are known, built over 3 thousand years - from 2630, when the first pyramid was erected, until the 4th century AD. e.

The forerunners of the great pyramids

Before the great history of the construction of these grandiose buildings was erected, there were more than one hundred years.

According to the generally accepted version, the pyramids served as tombs in which the pharaohs were buried. Long before the construction of these structures, the rulers of Egypt were buried in mastabas - relatively small buildings. But in the 26th century BC. e. the first real pyramids were built, the construction of which began with the era of Pharaoh Djoser. The tomb, named after him, is located 20 km from Cairo and is very different in appearance from those that are called great.

It has a stepped shape and gives the impression of several mastabas stacked one on top of the other. True, its dimensions are rather big - more than 120 meters along the perimeter and 62 meters in height. This is a grandiose building for its time, but it cannot be compared with the pyramid of Cheops.

By the way, a lot is known about the construction of the tomb of Djoser, even written sources have survived that mention the name of the architect - Imhotep. One and a half thousand years later, he became the patron saint of scribes and doctors.

The first of the pyramids of the classical type is the tomb of Pharaoh Snofu, the construction of which was completed in 2589. The limestone blocks of this tomb have a reddish tint, which is why Egyptologists call it "red" or "pink".

great pyramids

This is the name of the three cyclopean tetrahedra located in Giza, on the left bank of the Nile.

The oldest and largest of them is the pyramid of Khufu, or, as the ancient Greeks called it, Cheops. It is she who is most often called the Great, which is not surprising, because the length of each of its sides is 230 meters, and the height is 146 meters. Now, however, it is slightly lower due to destruction and weathering.

The second largest is the tomb of Khafre, the son of Cheops. Its height is 136 meters, although visually it looks higher than the pyramid of Khufu, because it was built on a hill. Not far from it you can see the famous Sphinx, whose face, according to legend, is a sculptural portrait of Khafre.

The third - the pyramid of Pharaoh Mikerin - is only 66 meters high, and it was built much later. Nevertheless, this pyramid looks very harmonious and is considered the most beautiful of the great ones.

Modern man is accustomed to grandiose structures, but his imagination is also shaken by the great pyramids of Egypt, the history and secrets of construction.

Secrets and mysteries

Monumental buildings in Giza even in the era of Antiquity were included in the list of the main wonders of the world, of which the ancient Greeks numbered only seven. Today it is very difficult to comprehend the intention of the ancient rulers, who spent enormous amounts of money and human resources on the construction of such gigantic tombs. Thousands of people were cut off from the economy for 20-30 years and were engaged in the construction of a tomb for their ruler. Such irrational use of labor is questionable.

Since the time when the great pyramids were erected, the secrets of construction have not ceased to attract the attention of scientists.

Perhaps the construction of the great pyramid pursued a completely different goal? In the pyramid of Cheops, three chambers were found, which Egyptologists called burial chambers, but none of them contained mummies of the dead and objects that necessarily accompanied a person to the kingdom of Osiris. There are no decorations or drawings on the walls of the burial chambers either, more precisely, there is only one small portrait in the corridor on the wall.

The sarcophagus discovered in the Khafre pyramid is also empty, although many statues were found inside this tomb, but there are no things that, according to Egyptian customs, were placed in the tombs.

Egyptologists believe that the pyramids were looted. Perhaps, but it is not entirely clear why the robbers also needed the mummies of the buried pharaohs.

There are many mysteries associated with these cyclopean structures in Giza, but the very first question that arises in a person who saw them with his own eyes: how did the construction of the great pyramids of Ancient Egypt take place?

Amazing Facts

Cyclopean structures demonstrate the phenomenal knowledge of the ancient Egyptians in astronomy and geodesy. The faces of the Pyramid of Cheops, for example, are precisely oriented to the south, north, west and east, and the diagonal coincides with the direction of the meridian. Moreover, this accuracy is higher than that of the observatory in Paris.

And such an ideal figure from the point of view of geometry has a huge size, and even made up of separate blocks!

Therefore, the knowledge of the ancients in the field of building art is even more impressive. The pyramids are built from giant stone monoliths up to 15 tons in weight. The granite blocks lining the walls of the main burial chamber of Khufu's pyramid weighed 60 tons each. How did such colossus rise if this chamber is at a height of 43 meters? And some stone blocks of Khafre's tomb generally reach 150 tons in weight.

The construction of the great pyramid of Cheops required the ancient architects to process, drag and raise to a very significant height more than 2 million such blocks. Even modern technology does not make this task easy.

There is a completely natural surprise: why did the Egyptians need to drag such colossus to a height of several tens of meters? Wouldn't it have been easier to build a pyramid of smaller stones? After all, they were able to somehow “cut out” these blocks from a solid mass of rock, why didn’t they make it easier for themselves by sawing them into pieces?

In addition, there is another mystery. The blocks were not just laid in rows, but they were so carefully processed and tightly fitted to each other that in some places the gap between the plates was less than 0.5 millimeters.

After the erection, the pyramid was still lined stone slabs, which, however, have long been stolen for the construction of houses by enterprising local residents.

How were the ancient architects able to solve this incredibly difficult task? There are many theories, but they all have their drawbacks and weaknesses.

Herodotus version

The famous historian of Antiquity Herodotus visited Egypt and saw the Egyptian pyramids. The construction, the description of which was left by the ancient Greek scientist, looked as follows.

Hundreds of people dragged a stone block to the pyramid under construction on drags, and then, using a wooden gate and a system of levers, lifted it to the first platform, equipped on the lower level of the structure. Then the next lifting mechanism came into play. And so, moving from one platform to another, the blocks were raised to the desired height.

It is hard to even imagine how much effort the great Egyptian pyramids required. Construction (photo, according to Herodotus, see below) was indeed an extremely difficult task.

For a long time, most Egyptologists adhered to this version, although it raised doubts. It is difficult to imagine such wooden lifts that could withstand the weight of tens of tons. Yes, and dragging millions of multi-ton blocks on drags seems difficult.

Can Herodotus be trusted? Firstly, he did not witness the construction of the great pyramids, since he lived much later, although he may have been able to observe how smaller tombs were erected.

Secondly, the famous scientist of Antiquity in his writings often sinned against the truth, trusting the stories of travelers or ancient manuscripts.

The "ramp" theory

In the 20th century, a version proposed by the French researcher Jacques Philippe Luer became popular among Egyptologists. He suggested that the stone blocks were moved not on drags, but on skating rinks along a special ramp, which gradually became higher and, accordingly, longer.

The construction of the great pyramid (photo image below), thus, also required great ingenuity.

But this version also has its drawbacks. Firstly, it is impossible not to pay attention to the fact that the work of thousands of workers in dragging stone blocks was not facilitated by this method at all, because the blocks had to be dragged uphill, into which the embankment gradually turned. And it's extremely hard.

Secondly, the slope of the ramp should be no more than 10˚, therefore, its length will be more than a kilometer. To build such an embankment, labor is needed no less than the construction of the tomb itself.

Even if it was not one ramp, but several, built from one tier of the pyramid to another, it is still a colossal work with a dubious result. Especially when you consider that several hundred people are needed to move each block, and there is practically nowhere to place them on narrow platforms and embankments.

In 1978, admirers from Japan tried to build a pyramid only 11 meters high using drags and mounds. They could not complete the construction, inviting modern technology to help.

It seems that people with the technology that was in antiquity are beyond their powers. Or were they not people? Who built the great pyramids at Giza?

Aliens or Atlanteans?

The version that the great pyramids were built by representatives of a different race, despite its fantastic nature, has quite rational grounds.

Firstly, it is doubtful that people who lived in the Bronze Age possessed the tools and technologies that allowed them to process such an array of wild stone and put together a geometrically perfect structure weighing more than one million tons.

Secondly, the assertion that the great pyramids were built in the middle of the III millennium BC. er, debatable. It was expressed by the same Herodotus, who visited Egypt in the 5th century BC. BC. and described the Egyptian pyramids, the construction of which was completed almost 2 thousand years before his visit. In his writings, he simply recounted what the priests had told him.

There are suggestions that these cyclopean structures were built much earlier, perhaps 8-12 thousand years ago, or maybe all 80. These assumptions are based on the fact that, apparently, the pyramids, the sphinx and the temples around them survived the era of floods. This is evidenced by traces of erosion that were found on the lower part of the Sphinx statue and the lower tiers of the pyramids.

Thirdly, the great pyramids are clearly objects connected in one way or another with astronomy and space. Moreover, this purpose is more important than the function of the tombs. Suffice it to recall that there are no burials in them, although there is what Egyptologists call sarcophagi.

The theory of the alien origin of the pyramids in the 60s was popularized by the Swiss Erich von Daniken. However, all of his evidence is more of a figment of the writer's imagination than the result of serious research.

Assuming that aliens organized the construction of the great pyramid, the photo should look something like the picture below.

The Atlantean version has no less fans. According to this theory, long before the rise of the ancient Egyptian civilization, the pyramids were built by representatives of some other race, who possessed either super-advanced technology or the ability to force the will to move colossal blocks of stone through the air. Just like Master Yoda from the famous Star Wars movie.

To prove, as well as to disprove these theories, by scientific methods is almost impossible. But perhaps there is a less fantastic answer to the question of who built the great pyramids? Why could not the ancient Egyptians, who had a variety of knowledge in other areas, do this? There is one that lifts the veil of mystery surrounding the construction of the great pyramid.

concrete version

If the movement and processing of multi-ton stone blocks is so laborious, could not the ancient builders have used an easier method of pouring concrete?

This point of view is actively defended and proved by several well-known scientists, and different specialties.

The French chemist Iosif Davidovich, having made a chemical analysis of the material of the blocks from which the pyramid of Cheops was built, suggested that this was not a natural stone, but concrete of a complex composition. It was made on the basis of ground rock, and is the so-called Davidovich's conclusions were confirmed by a number of American researchers.

Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences A. G. Fomenko, having examined the blocks from which the pyramid of Cheops was built, believes that the “concrete version” is the most plausible. The builders simply ground the stone available in excess, added binding impurities, such as lime, raised the concrete base in baskets to the construction site, and already there it was loaded into formwork and diluted with water. When the mixture hardened, the formwork was dismantled and transferred to another place.

Decades later, the concrete was so compressed that it became indistinguishable from natural stone.

It turns out that during the construction of the great pyramid, not stone, but concrete blocks were used? It would seem that this version is quite logical and explains many of the mysteries of the construction of ancient pyramids, including the difficulties of transportation and the quality of block processing. But it has its weaknesses, and it raises no fewer questions than other theories.

Firstly, it is very difficult to imagine how the ancient builders were able to grind more than 6 million tons of rock without the use of technology. After all, this is the weight of the pyramid of Cheops.

Secondly, the possibility of using wooden formwork in Egypt, where wood has always been highly valued, is questionable. Even the boats of the pharaohs were made of papyrus.

Thirdly, the ancient architects, of course, could think of making concrete. But the question arises: where then did this knowledge go? Within a few centuries after the construction of the great pyramid, not a trace remained of them. There were still tombs of this kind erected, but they were all but a pitiful imitation of those that stand on the plateau at Giza. And until now, most often shapeless piles of stones have remained from the pyramids of a later period.

Therefore, it is impossible to say with certainty how the great pyramids were built, the secrets of which have not yet been revealed.

Not only Ancient Egypt, but also other civilizations of the past keep many mysteries, which makes getting to know their history incredible. exciting journey into the past.

Pyramid of Pharaoh Khufu (in the Greek version of Cheops), or great pyramid- the greatest of the Egyptian pyramids, the oldest of the seven wonders of the world of antiquity and the only one of them that has come down to our time. For over four thousand years, the pyramid was the largest building in the world.

The pyramid of Cheops is located in the far suburbs of Cairo Giza. Nearby are two more pyramids of the pharaohs Khafre and Menkaure (Khafren and Mikerin), according to ancient historians, the sons and successors of Khufu. These are the three most great pyramids Egypt.

Following ancient authors, most modern historians consider the pyramids burial structures ancient Egyptian monarchs. Some scientists believe that these were astronomical observatories. There is no direct evidence that pharaohs were buried in the pyramids, but other versions of their purpose are less convincing.

When was the pyramid of Cheops built?

Based on the ancient "royal lists", it is established that Cheops ruled around 2585-2566. BC. The construction of the "Sacred Height" lasted 20 years and ended after the death of Khufu, around 2560 BC.

Other versions of construction dates based on astronomical methods give dates from 2720 to 2577. BC. The radiocarbon method shows a spread of 170 years, from 2850 to 2680. BC.

There are also exotic opinions expressed by supporters of theories of visiting the Earth by aliens, the existence of ancient pra-civilizations, or adherents of occult currents. They determine the age of the pyramid of Cheops from 6-7 to tens of thousands of years.

How the pyramid was built

The Pyramid of Cheops is still the largest stone building on the planet. Its height is 137 m, the length of the side of the base is 230.38 m, the angle of inclination of the edge is 51 ° 50", the total volume is about 2.5 million cubic meters. At the time of completion of construction, the height was 9.5 m higher, and the side of the base was 2 m longer, however, over the past centuries, almost the entire lining of the pyramid has been dismantled.Natural factors have also done their job - temperature drops and winds from the desert, carrying clouds of sand.

Ancient Greek historians reported that the labor of millions of slaves was used in the construction. Modern researchers believe that with the proper organization of work and engineering, the Egyptians would have had several tens of thousands of workers for the construction. For the transportation of materials, temporary workers were involved, the number of which, according to Herodotus, reached 100 thousand. Modern scientists fully agree with this, as well as with the reality of a 20-year construction period.

Hemiun, the head of the royal works, supervised the construction of the pyramid. Hemiun's tomb is located next to his creation; a statue of the architect was found in it.

The main material for the construction was gray limestone, which was cut down in the nearest quarries or brought from the other side of the Nile. The pyramid was lined with light sandstone, because of which it literally shone under the sunlight. Granite was used for interior decoration, which was delivered a thousand kilometers from the area of ​​\u200b\u200bpresent-day Aswan. The building was crowned with a hewn gilded granite block - a pyramidion.

In total, the construction of the pyramid took about 2.3 million blocks of limestone and 115 thousand facing plates. The total mass of the building, according to modern estimates, is almost 6 million tons.

The block sizes vary. The largest ones are laid in the base, their height is one and a half meters. The blocks are smaller the higher they are. The height of the block at the top was 55 cm. The length of the facing slabs ranged from 1.5 to 0.75 m.

The work of the pyramid builders was extremely difficult. A lot of time and effort required the extraction of stone, hewing blocks and fitting to the right size. In those days, neither iron nor bronze was known in Egypt. The tools were made of relatively soft copper, so they wore down quickly and were very expensive. Flint tools were widely used - saws, drills, hammers. Many of them were found during excavations.

Delivery of materials was carried out by river, and the stone was brought to the construction site on a wooden sled or rollers. It was hellish work, because the average weight of one block is 2.5 tons, and some of them weighed up to 50 tons.

A variety of devices were used to lift and install the monoliths, and inclined embankments were erected to pull up the most massive elements that make up the lower rows. Images of construction work have been found in a number of Egyptian temples and tombs.

Recently, an original theory has emerged regarding the construction methods of the Egyptians. Scientists who studied the microstructure of the blocks in order to establish their origin, found foreign inclusions. According to experts, these are the remains of animal hair and human hair, from which the scientists concluded that the limestone was crushed in the places of extraction and delivered to the construction site in crushed form. Blocks were made directly at the place of laying from the limestone mass, which thus were a semblance of modern concrete structures, and tool marks on the blocks are actually formwork prints.

Be that as it may, the construction was completed, and the grandiose dimensions of the pyramid fully justify the supporters of the theories of the Atlanteans and aliens who do not believe in the possibility of human genius.

What is inside the pyramid

The entrance to the pyramid was made at a height of almost 16 meters in the form of an arch of granite slabs. It was later sealed with a granite cork and covered with cladding. The current entrance, 10 meters lower, was broken in 831 by order of Caliph Al-Mamun, who hoped to find gold here, but did not find anything of value.

The main premises are the pharaoh's chamber, the queen's chamber, the Great Gallery and the underground chamber. The passage punched by Al-Mamun leads to a 105-meter inclined corridor, ending in a chamber carved into the rock below the base of the pyramid. Its dimensions are 14x8 m., height 3.5 m. Works here were not completed for unknown reasons.

At 18 meters from the entrance, a 40-meter-long ascending corridor separates from the descending corridor, ending in the Great Gallery. The Gallery itself is a high (8.5 m) tunnel 46.6 m long leading to the pharaoh's chamber. The corridor to the queen's chamber branches off from the Gallery at its very beginning. A rectangular ditch 60 cm deep and 1 m wide was pierced in the floor of the Gallery; its purpose is unknown.

The length of the pharaoh's chamber is 10.5 m, width 5.4 m, height 5.84 m. It is lined with black granite slabs. Here is an empty granite sarcophagus. The queen's chamber is more modest - 5.76 x 5.23 x 6.26 m.

Channels 20-25 cm wide lead from the burial chambers to the surface of the pyramid. The channels of the king's chamber go out at one end into the room, at the other - onto the surface of the pyramid. The channels of the queen's chamber begin 13 cm from the wall and do not reach 12 m to the surface, and both ends of the channels are closed with stone doors with handles. It is assumed that the channels were made to ventilate the premises during the work. Another version, connected with the beliefs of the Egyptians, claims that this is the way to afterworld which the souls of the departed had to pass through.

No less mysterious is another small room, the Grotto, to which an almost vertical passage leads from the beginning Big Gallery. The grotto is located at the junction of the base of the pyramid and the hill on which it stands. The walls of the Grotto are reinforced with rather roughly worked stone. It is assumed that this is part of some structure older than the pyramid.

It is necessary to mention one discovery related to the pyramid. In 1954, at the southern edge, two stone-lined pits were discovered, in which were the pharaoh's boats, made of Lebanese cedar. One of the boats has been restored and is now in a special pavilion next to the pyramid. Its length is 43.5 m, width is 5.6 m.

The study of the pyramid of Cheops continues. Research using the latest methods used in the exploration of the earth's interior, show with a high degree of probability the existence of unknown caverns inside the pyramid. So it is quite possible that scientists expect new interesting findings and discoveries.

In the meantime, the Great Pyramid keeps its secrets, proudly rising in the middle of the desert, like millennia ago. After all, according to an ancient Arabic proverb, everything in the world is afraid of time, but time is afraid of the pyramids.

pyramids

The mysterious pyramids of Egypt

The Egyptian pyramid of Djoser, better known as the step pyramid, is located in Saqqara, 30 km from Cairo. A visit to the pyramid is part of the Dashur-Sakkara tour. It is worth visiting this pyramid at least out of curiosity, because this is the very first pyramid built in honor of the ruler Djoser. The peculiarity of the pyramid is that it is made in a stepped form. Six steps - the path by which the pharaoh goes to the afterlife, according to historians. Inside the pyramid are 11 burial chambers for the pharaoh and his family members. During the archaeological excavations, Djoser himself was not found, only the mummies of his relatives. This is explained by the fact that by the time the excavations began, the tomb had already been plundered in order.

An excursion to Saqqara with a visit to the pyramid of Djoser will cost about $ 80 per person.

Pyramid of Menkaure

The pyramid is located on the Giza plateau next to other famous pyramids - Cheops and Khafre. Compared with them, the pyramid of Menkaure is considered the smallest and youngest pyramid of the famous triad. The peculiarity of this pyramid is in its color - up to the middle it was made of red granite, and above it was made of white limestone. But in the 16th century, the lining was destroyed by Mamluk warriors. The fact that the pyramid of Menkaure is relatively small, scientists explain by the fact that the Egyptians stopped making grandiose tombs. But despite this, the pyramid never ceases to amaze scientists and travelers. For example, the largest block of stone weighs about 200 tons! What technical means so helped the ancient Egyptians? An excursion to the pyramid is included in the Cairo travel program, its cost is approximately $ 60 per person.

Pyramid of Menkaure

The Pyramid of Cheops

There is hardly a person. who would not know the main attraction of Egypt - the pyramid of Cheops. The height of this one of the Seven Wonders of the World today is 140 meters, and the area is about 5 hectares. The pyramid consists of 2.5 million stone blocks. The construction of the pyramid took 20 years. Several thousand years have passed since the construction of the Cheops pyramid, but the Egyptians still greatly honor the pyramid, and every year in August they celebrate the day when its construction began. Despite the fact that the research and excavation of the pyramid, it still keeps many secrets. For example, secret doors were found in the burial room of the pharaoh's wife, which, according to scientists, symbolize the path to the afterlife. But archaeologists have not been able to open the last door. The cost of an excursion to the Giza plateau with a visit to the pyramids is 50-60 dollars. For children, the ticket will cost twice as much.

Pyramid of Khafre

Although the Chefren pyramid is 4 meters smaller than the Cheops pyramid, visually it seems higher. The secret is that the pyramid stands on a ten-meter plateau and is very well preserved to this day. The pyramid has two entrances - one at a height of 15 m, and the other on the same side at the level of the base. Inside the pyramid of Khafre is rather modest - two rooms and a couple of corridors, but the real sarcophagus of the pharaoh is kept here. The tomb is made at the highest level and does not leave indifferent any of the tourists. The tomb itself is empty.

Archaeologists found a grand find in the pyramid in the 19th century - a sculpture of a pharaoh from mountain diorite.

The cost of an excursion to the pyramid of Khafre is about 60 dollars.

Pyramid of Khafre

Dashur

This place does not have such popularity as the Giza plateau with its pyramids. Dashur is famous for its pyramids, which were built during the reign of Pharaoh Snofu. These structures are considered the first tombs in history built according to new types of structures.

The Southern Pyramid, which is better known as the Bent Pyramid, got its name from its irregular shape. During its construction, for some unknown reason, the angles of the faces were changed. Perhaps this was a mistake, but scientists explain this as a construction move with concern for the strength and durability of the pyramid. Main difference broken pyramid therein. that it has two entrances - the "traditional" northern one and the almost uncommon southern one.

Another attraction of Dashur is the Northern Pyramid, better known by its name as the Red Pyramid. The name of the pyramid was due to its facing red color. This is the first tomb of the correct pyramidal form. It is very dark in the pyramid, so you should take a flashlight with you. In the lowest burial chamber one can observe a high stepped ceiling, the same as in the gallery of the Cheops pyramid.

The cost of an excursion to Cairo, which includes a trip to Dashur, will cost an average of 85 dollars.

Everyone wants to look at the pyramids. And if this is your dream since childhood, then a tour to Egypt is what you need. Ordering such a tour today is very simple - just contact the travel agencies of your city through a special form on our website, or contact all your questions by calling 8-800-100-30-24.

The rise of the Egyptian civilization took place approximately 5,000 years ago and lasted for 3,000 years. At this time, the first pyramids appeared, at first imperfect, and then very skillful. In the ancient world, they were considered one of the seven wonders of the world. The Egyptian pyramids keep their riddles to this day. Interesting facts about them are collected in this article.

What were the pyramids for?

Vladyka, wanting to show his greatness and power, built a majestic creation in memory of himself. He filled individual rooms and the burial chamber with precious utensils, which were supposed to serve him after death.

The history of the creation of the pyramids

Mastaba - this was the name of the first tomb of the king. Mud bricks were used to build low rectangular buildings. The burial itself was underground. This is how the first Egyptian pyramids were created. We have selected interesting facts for children below.

The first "house of eternity" was built by the architect Imhotep for Pharaoh Djoser. He placed several mastabas one on top of the other. The largest was the base, then the mastabas decreased.

So the world's first step pyramid was built, the top of which is directed to the sky. It was a very imposing and monumental structure. They liked it, and soon the kings began to build houses for the afterlife - the Egyptian pyramids. Interesting facts about the world's first pyramid are as follows:

• A wall was built around it, which has a height of 10 meters. It has 15 inputs. Only one of them is real.
• Outside, its walls are made of limestone, which has weathered and become uneven over 4.5 thousand years.

• Inside there are mines and branched corridors in which it is easy to get confused. Of these, they fall first into one, then into another room, and there are more than four hundred of them. In these rooms, the priests performed religious rites. The corridors are very narrow and low. They walk on them, bending their backs. This is done so that only the body of the deceased can be carried. The first eleven shafts are very even, with right angles. All the rest are more primitive.
• The top of the pyramid is directed towards the North Star.

The rituals of the priests that we know about seem strange to us. Their witnesses are the Egyptian pyramids. Interesting facts about them can be collected endlessly. Here, for example, is what we know about Djoser's burial.

Due to the triangular shape, her head is directed to heaven. Therefore, the soul of the pharaoh easily soared to the gods. But first, his body floated on the river of the underworld in a boat in search of a soul. When the priests believed that the soul had ascended to heaven, they returned the heart to the dead body of the lord, then opened their eyes and mouth so that in the afterlife he could see everything and talk. After that, they proceeded to the sacrificial feast. Oils were poured onto the mummy, thin bandages and diadems were applied. This ritual ended, and the pharaoh was considered resurrected.

Information for schoolchildren

AT ancient world were the Seven Wonders of the World. They reflected the cultures of different peoples. Among them, ancient people included the pyramids of Egypt. There was even such a statement that everything is afraid of time, but time itself is afraid of the pyramids. It's true - no other miracles survived, only the pyramids survived. People have always wondered what these huge structures hide. They searched for treasure in them, and much was plundered, despite the fact that trap systems completely permeated the Egyptian pyramids. Interesting facts about them can be found in numerous books. They are rich in children's libraries. We will bring Interesting Facts about Egyptian pyramids for schoolchildren:

• Pyramids don't cast shadows when the sun is high. On the day of the winter solstice, the longest shadow falls on the earth. It can be used to measure the height of the pyramid without instruments.
• Three of them are placed by ancient astronomers and builders in the same way as the belt of the constellation Orion. Today, the stars have shifted a little, and the pyramids do not stand perfectly aligned under the stars. This situation was not accidental. Orion united in the minds of the Egyptians with the god Osiris. He was the lord underworld and ruled over the rebirth of life: the pharaohs must live forever.

• Pyramids stand not only in North Africa. They are in South and Central America, India and Mexico, Ethiopia and Cambodia, in Somalia. This leads some scholars to think that there was a single civilization in antiquity.

Giant on the Nile

It is difficult to determine the exact number of pyramids. There are about seventy or eighty of them. They lined up on the rocky plateau that separates the valley of the life-giving Nile from the desert, a hundred kilometers from Cairo to Illauhan. Almost all of them, with the exception of two, have a geometrically correct shape. We have already mentioned one of them - stepped, the other is located in Dashur and has the shape of a rhombus. But the rest of the pyramids are like two drops of water. They differ only in size. Pyramid of Cheops (Khufu) - the largest.

If you describe it in numbers, it will awaken the imagination. Its volume is 2,525,000 cubic meters and its area is 54,000 square meters. More than 1,000 two-room apartments can be accommodated on such a site. royal palaces Europe is smaller than it: Versailles in Paris and Buckingham in England, Escorial in Madrid and Winter Palace In Petersburg. Pyramid above the dome over the Cathedral of St. Peter in Rome, St. Paul in London, Notre Dame in Paris, St. Vita in Prague. If it were empty inside, it would fit a tower for a space rocket and its launch pad. Are these not interesting facts about the Egyptian pyramids?

Guardians of eternity

In ancient Egypt, above all the temples dedicated to the gods, towered the works of architects and builders who were supposed to glorify the earthly rulers. In architecture, perhaps, there are no more powerful and more concise structures than the pyramids of Khufu, Khafre and Mykerin. These stone "crystals" boldly triumph over unknowability and the mystery of death. Here are the most interesting facts about the Egyptian pyramids:

• The angle of inclination of the stacked blocks is not too steep. It is only 6 degrees higher than 45°.
• The four sides of the three main pyramids are strictly oriented to the north, south, west and east.
• If we put five nine-story houses on top of each other, then we get an approximate maximum height buildings.
• On average, each block weighs 2,500 kg, but there are also those whose weight exceeds the average by 32 times, which is about eighty tons.
• The stones fit snugly together without mortar. Their pressure is such that even a piece of paper cannot be squeezed between them.

• The road that led to the pyramid from the quarry was built for about ten years, and the pyramid itself - about twenty. Therefore, the pharaohs began the construction of the tomb from their youth.

Tomb of Tutankhamen

In 1922, British researchers found the tomb of a young ruler, almost untouched by thieves, in the area of ​​​​the former Thebes.

Immediately, exciting facts about the Egyptian pyramids began to appear, more precisely, about the new sensational one:

• Tutankhamen died at the age of 19.
• The causes of death have not yet been established: illness, murder, falling from a chariot.
• Treasures were found in the pyramid: a golden chariot and a throne, lamps, caskets, vases, writing accessories, golden jewelry, precious stones, ships. On them, the ruler was supposed to sail to the afterlife. Golden masks on three coffins and on a mummy.

Mysterious deaths

Excavations went on for five years, and all this time their participants gradually died. The list of mysterious facts about the Egyptian pyramids included the "curse of the tomb." Assumptions were made about the presence of radioactive elements, poisons, and a harmful fungus in it. Here is the list of the dead:

• Lord Carnarvon died in 1923.
• Then Douglas-Reid, who performed the X-ray.
• A. K. Mace, who opened the burial chamber with Lord Carnarvon, dies.
• Colonel Aubrey Herbert, Lord Carnarvon's brother, has died.
• The wife of an Egyptian prince kills her husband right on the excavations.
• In 1928 the deaths continued. First, the secretary of the archaeologist Carter dies, then his father is thrown out of the window in 1930.
• That same year, Carnarvon's half-brother commits suicide.

Such tragedies, not disclosed to our time, ended the work on the tomb of Tutankhamen.