Thread which gallery station. Stations we won't see again
Central Station(Centraal station, Central station) - central Train Station Amsterdam, but not only. This place can be called the main transport hub, where many human flows intersect.
Almost all tram lines start or end here. Nearby there are many bus stops, underground and water is a metro station.
On July 24, 2018, a new fifth metro line "North-South-Line" was opened in Amsterdam. This is the first underwater highway in Amsterdam. Its construction took 15 years, during which the work of the station did not stop for a day. Directly below the station building, this new metro line connected with the three already existing metro lines passing here.
The central station is located on the banks of the river IJ (IJ), where ferries moor to ferry passengers to the opposite bank.
Although the word "shore" here is very conditional - the building is almost completely located on the spot where the river IJ used to be. By the way, the name "IJ" comes from the ancient Germanic language and is not only the name of this particular river, but also the designation of water in general. The importance of water is so great in Dutch culture that IJ is a digraph, meaning one letter. Accordingly, both characters are capitalized.
Trains arrive at the Central Station from Schiphol Airport (almost all of them are in transit and go somewhere else in the Netherlands or in neighbouring countries). Therefore, acquaintance with the city for most tourists begins with this building.
Leaving a little aside, it is worth saying that, in fact, there is another alternative and even more convenient way to get from the Airport - this is bus number 397. It is especially convenient if your hotel is located in or near the Leidseplein (Leiden Square).
Crowds of people at the Central Station are sometimes simply amazing. This is no coincidence, because few of the Dutch work and live in the same city.
Many live in neighboring cities such as Eidhoven, Delft and Leiden, Zaandam or Utrecht, and work in Amsterdam. Fortunately, trains in the Netherlands run very quickly and almost always on schedule. Therefore, you can get to them inexpensively (by European standards) and quickly.
How to buy a ticket in the Netherlands
Still, going aside, I will give a short instruction on how to buy a train ticket. It's not difficult at all. At Schiphall Airport, at the Central Station, there are many ticket terminals. You simply choose your starting and ending point and pay by card.
It should be borne in mind that you can pay with our popular Mastercard or Visa only in Amsterdam, the airport and, maybe, in others. major cities. At small stations and even in Rotterdam (!!!) payment is accepted only by Maestro card.
Therefore, if you are going to ride for one day in Zaanse Schans, Delft or another charming Dutch town, then buy a round-trip ticket (day return) right away. For the sake of justice, it must be said that it is still possible to pay for a ticket with the indicated cards, but only at the box office, where there is often a queue, and at very small stations there are no ticket offices at all.
Having received a ticket, it must be attached to one of the terminals before boarding the train, as well as at the station where you arrived. At the central station, such terminals are impossible to miss, they look like turnstiles and are located in the underpass leading to the platforms, but are always open.
At small stations, such terminals are located on platforms, near the entrance, exit, the beginning of the underpass and other places. Inexperienced tourists they often forget to attach their tickets, which may cause them to be considered invalid. Controllers on trains are rare, but the fines are large, so it’s not worth it to ride a “hare”.
Central station - brief description
The station building was built in 1889 according to the design of the Dutch architect Peter Kuipers, and Adolph Leonhard van Gendt helped him. The Central Station building is one of the important architectural structures Amsterdam.
The soil on which the station was built was characterized by moisture and instability, so more than 8,000 piles were driven into the foundation during construction. The neo-Renaissance red brick building looks like a fairy tale castle or palace.
The main entrance and two towers of the station complex protrude in front of the main building, which, according to the author's intention, creates the feeling of entering the "city gate". Look at the tower on the right, there is a clock on it, many guests of the city think that on the left there is also a clock, but apparently broken, because their hands are spinning all the time. In fact, this is a device that shows the direction of the wind, that is, a weather vane.
The towers of the station complex are decorated with bas-reliefs, and in the center of the facade there is the coat of arms of the Netherlands, the coats of arms of the cities with which there was a railway connection at the time of construction are depicted horizontally. The central spire acts as a kind of beacon.
The facade of the station faces the city, and on the reverse north side there are terminals for small ferries heading to the opposite bank of the Ii River, and berths for river cruise ships.
Under the roof of the station there are 6 platforms and 15 railway tracks, there are also waiting rooms, shops and many cafes and restaurants.
On the way to the railway platforms, there are several cafes and shops selling sandwiches, coffee and light snacks that you can eat during the journey, fortunately, all the seats on the trains are equipped with comfortable tables.
As was customary in the 19th century, the waiting rooms were 1st, 2nd and 3rd class, decorated with varying degrees of comfort. The most privileged was the eastern wing of the building, which housed royal hall for the most important people.
On platform 2A, a first-class cafe has been preserved. Today it is available not only to first-class passengers, but to everyone. You don't need to buy a train ticket to visit it. You will be amazed by the luxurious interior, which is difficult to find even in very expensive restaurants. However, the menu of the cafe is quite decent, and the prices are reasonable (they correspond to the average restaurants in the city).
Also note the building above the first platformslightly away from the central building, standing on legs that seem very flimsy.
This is another masterpiece of construction in Amsterdam. This assignment contains an Ibis hotel. By the way, with relatively inexpensive prices and not noisy, despite the fact that the rooms are directly ABOVE railroad tracks(verified by my own experience). Breakfast takes place on the ground floor (on our first floor), and during the meal you can look into the windows of trains that stop "window to window".
To the left of the Central Station (if you look at the facade from the side of the city center) there is a three-story (!!!) bicycle parking, which becomes the object of numerous photo shoots and the backdrop for films.
Interestingly, the Tokyo delegation was so delighted with Amsterdam Central Station that later, in 1914, a railway station building similar to the Dutch one was built in Tokyo according to the project of the Japanese architect Tatsuno Kingo. Although, of course, Tokyo residents claim that their station is the one and only.
The biggest stupidity that a tourist who comes to Stockholm can do is not to visit its unique metro. I know it myself! During my first visit to the city, Katya and I walked everywhere, and then we took the car. As a result, they did not look into the subway. Only two weeks later, I accidentally saw somewhere on LiveJournal photos of the grandiose stations of this underground system, which is called the longest art gallery in the world!
Don't repeat my mistake! Get ready to ride the Stockholm subway and just stare.
1
The metro system in Stockholm was opened in the 1950s. It consists of lines of three flowers intersecting in the city center. True, each color branches into several separate routes in the suburbs, so if you need to go not to the center, then follow the final directions. All routes (there are seven of them) are also thought out - in this regard, the subway is similar to our New York one, where each color also represents several routes.
The system operates from 5 am to 1 am. You need to be careful with this in the summer, as the days here are very long. It seems that it has only gotten dark, and the subway has already stopped running.
2 From the outside, the stations do not look very remarkable. The symbol of the system is the letter "T" in a circle (in Swedish, the subway is called Tunnelbana, or " Railway in the tunnel.)
3 Today there are 100 stations in the system. Most of them look absolutely normal at the entrance, there is nothing special about them - turnstiles are like everywhere else. Approximately half of the stations are underground (mostly in the center), and the other half are above ground.
4 Going down the escalator, you can notice the transition from an ordinary station to an unusual one. See up there the tunnel is getting red and the ceiling is uneven?
5 This is the beginning of the cave. A certain number of Stockholm stations were decided to be hollowed out in stone, but not faced in any way, leaving rough stone walls and vaults, and only painting them.
6 Such stops are the most beautiful and unique. Personally, I have never seen anything like it.
7 Each of the stations has its own predominant color and its own coloring system.
8 There are some very colorful ones!
9 The easiest way to see such a "cave" is at the central stop, T-Centralen. The main thing is to go down to the lower level, where the blue line trains run.
10 Photographers love to shoot station escalators - their smooth metal harmonizes interestingly with the surrounding rough stone.
11 The beauty!
12 Another central station.
13 An entire ancient city was built on Kungsträdgården.
14 The brand new blue carriages look great at this station. And it's good for others too.
15 But painted stone was not limited here. There are various art objects on many platforms.
16 Antique statues...
18 Ruins of non-existent cities...
19 Various miniatures.
20 There is even a miniature White House!
21 But someone left bronze shoes on the roof of the cave.
22 On T-Centralen cave drawings depict workers building the subway.
23 Train on the Kungsträdgården platform.
24 There are simpler stations, although almost everywhere in the center they try to somehow decorate the platforms. That is why the Swedes talk about their subway as the longest gallery in the world.
25 Multicolored mosaics.
26 At the top level of T-Centralen, everything is simpler. That is why I never saw another cave station on my first visit! (Don't be like Leva!)
27 You will most likely come here from the airport anyway (local Aeroexpress comes to the central station). To admire the beauty, it is enough to go down to the lower level.
28 But in the Old City, the metro goes along the street, so there is no particular beauty at this stop (this is another reason why I didn’t see anything at first!)
29 There are very simple platforms. Hung with advertisements.
30 But even at such stations they hang out some kind of art.
31 And they present strange exhibits.
32 Bench of a strange shape.
33 Ticket machines. It's cheaper than buying them at the box office.
34 And in the supermarket you can buy an unlimited ticket for three days. The metro in Stockholm is not cheap, such a ticket costs about $30. But if you're going to do a lot of city riding, it might make sense. As a result, I didn’t run into its cost (we walked a lot).
35 The inside of the train looks like this:
36 The locals are extremely nice.
37 Conductor!
Have you been to the Stockholm metro? How are you? Outwardly, I liked it more than Moscow. (And there’s nothing to say about New York - it’s ugly with us,
1. Paveletskaya (Zamoskvoretskaya line)
Probably all Muscovites are familiar with the metro station "Paveletskaya". Many used it, for example, when they went to Domodedovo Airport by Aeroexpress or went to the House of Music. And some even paid attention to the strange narrowing of the station closer to the exit, where a very spacious station turns into a narrow corridor between thick walls:
I can't even believe that these two photos were taken on the same platform. The solution to this design is simple. Ta "Paveletskaya", which we know is not at all the one that was built in the forties:
On the old "Paveletskaya" there was no central hall at all. Two long and narrow halls, similar to a pipe, connected only at the exit from the station. Three side arches on each side of the narrow corridor have been preserved to this day. Once upon a time, trains could only be accessed through them.
Both halls "Paveletskaya" were decorated with military-themed bas-reliefs and elegant benches. They have not survived to this day. In the fifties the station was completely rebuilt. A large central hall with columns was built, which united the entire station together with the former side halls in a single volume. "For memory" of the former station, we were left with only a small area with wide pylons and a narrow corridor near one of the exits.
2. Lubyanka
A similar incident happened with the station "Lubyanka"(then called "Dzerzhinskaya"). When the station was opened in 1935, it appeared to passengers in a completely different guise than we know it now:
Its construction also consisted of two separate tube halls with platforms. The exit from these halls was at the end of the platform, into the small halls directly at the escalator:
In this form, the station managed to "act" in the movies. In film "Friends and Years" 1965 Camera rides the entire length of the station: YouTube link.
In the early seventies, the central hall was finally completed at the station. This completely changed the look of the station:
From the original project, only the lining of several pylons at the end of the station has survived to this day, which now differ sharply in appearance from the rest:
The same story happened with the station "Clean Ponds"(then - "Kirovskaya").
Having descended the escalator, the passenger had to immediately turn left or right, since there was simply no central hall:
He appeared at the station in the seventies. A passage was made into it in every second niche of the side halls. True, unlike "Lubyanki" and "Paveletskaya", the design of the station remained practically unchanged:
So to the "disappeared" stations "Clean Ponds" can be added only with reservation.
4. Sparrow Hills
current station "Sparrow Hills" valid since 2002:
Prior to that, for almost 20 years, the train had been passing over the bridge across the Moscow River without stopping. And even earlier, a completely different station was located here. It was called "Lenin's mountains" and looked like this:
This station has now remained only in memories, in photographs and in films. In 1983, due to the dilapidation of the bridge, it was closed.
Interestingly, the escalator gallery that operated next to the station "Lenin's mountains", with opening "Sparrow Hills" for some reason it was not restored:
5. pervomaska
Station "Pervomaska", opened in 1954, was one and a half kilometers from the current "May Day". At the time of construction, it was final. And right behind the station there were houses that did not allow to extend the line further. When it was decided to lead the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line further east, the station was turned into a depot, and trains were launched nearby, along an overpass above the former tracks. Trains still run on this overpass, and passengers can see the depot building from the train window:
That one "May Day" there was one vestibule for exiting passengers:
This vestibule has been preserved, it can be seen by everyone who walks through the courtyards on Pervomayskaya Street:
And inside the depot, individual elements of the design of the station have been preserved:
(photo by Alexander Popov)
In the future, perhaps in place of the former "May Day" museum will be set up.
6. Kaluga
Toy "Kaluga", which worked in the Moscow metro from 1964 to 1974, is now gone too. This station has also been turned into a depot. It was located on the surface, not far from the current "Kaluga":
The station was the terminal and many passengers used it, transferring here to buses and moving on. In 1974, the line was extended, and "Kaluga" She moved to a new location where she remains to this day.
Unlike "May Day", the passenger platform is preserved here:
(this and next photo - Alexandra Popova)
Looking at the depot from above, you can guess exactly where the former station was located:
Here they are, six "lost" stations. Perhaps someday their ranks will be replenished with living stations. We will see.
Vorobyovy Gory (until May 12, 1999 Leninskiye Gory) is a station on the Sokolnicheskaya Line of the Moscow Metro. In my opinion, one of the most interesting stations of the Moscow metro.
The Leninskie Gory metro station was opened on January 12, 1959 as part of the Sokolnicheskaya line "Sportivnaya" - "Universitet". To reduce the cost of construction, a unique project was used to lay the metro line along the metro bridge, instead of the previously proposed tunnel plan under the Moscow River. The station was located on the lower tier of the Luzhnetsky metro bridge (built in 1958), while car traffic was carried out along its upper tier.
Due to the rush to put the bridge into operation, International Festival The youth were not observed until the end of the construction norms. The desire to minimize costs caused the replacement of metal supports with reinforced concrete ones, led to a number of errors when laying reinforcement in the frame of the structure, and also forced builders to use salt to speed up concreting. The fact is that salt lowers the freezing point of water, which was important, since the work was carried out in winter time. However, this contributed to the intense corrosion of the reinforcement elements.
In the spring, when the snow melted, the station was constantly flooded due to poor waterproofing. On July 8, 1959, a heavy downpour took place in Moscow, which almost paralyzed the work of the entire line: water mixed with mud penetrated directly into the trains. Then the ceiling began to collapse. Things got to the point that in June 1960, dural sheets of the cornice fell from a height of 4 meters. Then no one was hurt. Subsequently, longitudinal cracks began to appear in the concrete floors, which led to the final closure of the bridge for reconstruction.
The station reopened on December 14, 2002. In fact, it was completely rebuilt. The width of the station was increased by 3 meters, while it was decided to leave the platform part of the station on the old supports.
South lobby of the station.
The station has two lobbies. From the northern lobby (equipped with an escalator) you can go to the Luzhnetskaya embankment and the Luzhniki Olympic sports complex. From the southern vestibule you can go to Vorobyovskaya embankment (through the lower hall) and to the Vorobyovy Gory nature reserve (through the upper hall)
South lobby of the station.
Escalators of the southern vestibule of the station.
The design of the station is made in a modern style. The bridge supports passing through the hall, as well as the walls of the approach corridors, are lined with white and green marble. The floor is paved with gray granite.
This station is one of two metro exhibition grounds (along with the Metro gallery at the Vystavochnaya station).
The track walls are made transparent, the glasses are inserted into the aluminum frame. They offer a view of the Moscow River, Sparrow Hills, the Luzhniki Grand Sports Arena and the building of the Academy of Sciences.
The station is a "dangerous" station as there is no flume on the tracks.
Not far from the station nature reserve"Sparrow Hills" is located previously worked in 1959-1983. an escalator gallery, which served as the transfer of passengers from the metro and the park to Kosygin Street and back. The gallery was built according to a standard design at the same time as the station. It was equipped with a three-ribbon escalator and had two vestibules - the upper one (on Kosygin St.) and the lower one (in the park)
Shot from the film "Sunflowers" Cameraman Giuseppe Rotunno Photo from oldmos.ru
After the reconstruction of the station, due to problems with the technical calculation and lack of funding, the gallery was not restored. Now you can get to the station and Kosygin Street only on foot through the forest park, climbing the bypass paths or use the paid cable car, which is located far from the station This is how she looks now, but this is a separate post.
Until recently, Sparrow Hills I associated only with a giant springboard and observation deck. But the results of archaeological excavations indicate the existence of Vorobyovy Gory ancient settlement in the first millennium BC. The first known mention dates back to 1453, when at the top of the slope there was a "priest's village of Vorobyovo".
In the photo: an abandoned escalator gallery on the slope of Sparrow Hills
Later in these picturesque places the Andreevsky Monastery, the royal residence, the estates of wealthy citizens, the once famous Krynkin restaurant, summer cottages of the Soviet nomenclature, a metro bridge with a unique station over the Moscow River were built, ski resort with cable car. During the revolutionary events of October 1917, Sparrow Hills were of strategic importance. The Red detachments knocked out the White Guards from the hill and fired at the Kremlin from heavy artillery.
In 1924, with the light hand of the People's Commissar of Education Lunacharsky (according to another version - on the initiative of the diplomat Leonid Krasin), Vorobyovy Gory began to be called Leninsky, and officially this name existed from 1935 to 1999.
The easiest way to get here is by metro, the Leninskiye Gory station opened on January 12, 1959 as part of the section of the Sokolnicheskaya line "Sportivnaya" - "Universitet". To save money (so as not to lay a deep tunnel under the Moskva River), an unusual project was developed with the location of the metro station on the lower tier of the bridge over the river. And along the upper tier of the bridge, built in 1958, cars and pedestrians moved. The length of the metro bridge is 1179 meters, and the total length is 2030 meters.
Construction of the metro bridge. 1957-1958: http://oldmos.ru/old/photo/view/40998
Modern look from this point
On the platform. 1959: http://oldmos.ru/old/photo/view/21333
Alas, either the haste during construction, or the extremely economical project caused serious problems in the operation of the facility. Due to insufficient waterproofing, the station was flooded already in the year of opening, and soon part of the cornice collapsed. The bridge structures experienced serious dynamic loads during the acceleration and deceleration of trains, corrosion ate the reinforcement. Structural and technological errors led to the appearance of cracks in the ceilings, and in 1983 the metro bridge was closed for a long-term reconstruction.
In order not to paralyze traffic along the Sokolnicheskaya branch, the builders erected additional supports with detours, trains followed them without stopping at the station. Repair work dragged on for 19 years, and the townspeople have already begun to doubt that someday the "Lenin Hills" will open again. On December 14, 2002, the station, created almost anew, opened under the current name "Vorobyovy Gory". The main design feature of this project is the competent distribution of loads, the platform remained on the old supports, and the movement of trains is carried out on new beams standing on own supports.
2007 Temporary supports have not yet been dismantled.
Since 2010, the station has also been an exhibition site. Cups and other sports trophies of Soviet athletes from the collection of the Sports Museum were exhibited here.
Since April 2014, personal belongings of passengers and metro employees have been displayed in glazed showcases. Each exhibit has its own story. For example, Kondraty Selivanovich Ermakov bought a new foreign suit on credit in 1954 and proudly nursed it while on duty in a voluntary people's squad at the Sokolniki metro station, where he met his future wife.
The most unusual use of the subway. On the night of September 22, 2013, completely legal skateboarding competitions were held at the Vorobyovy Gory station, the interiors and participants were not affected.
In 1959, a 90-meter escalator gallery was built on the slope of the Lenin Hills, which connected the embankment with Kosygin Street. The structure with three escalators, although it was serviced by employees of the metropolitan metro and at first decorated with a capital letter M, was free for both metro passengers and all other citizens who wanted to go up and down the slope.
The lower vestibule of the escalator. 1960: http://oldmos.ru/old/photo/view/28787
Escalator stairs. 1969: http://oldmos.ru/old/photo/view/39770
In fact, there were not so many people as in the staged shot from the film "Sunflowers" (in the frame, Sophia Loren herself is descending somewhere in the crowd of people).
Like the station itself, the escalator pavilion was pursued by evil fate. At first, the escalators were launched later than planned, and over time it turned out that the place was chosen unsuccessfully, landslides threaten the safety of the gallery structures. Service to the townspeople ceased shortly after the closure of the Leninskie Gory metro station for repairs, the building was declared unsafe, the mechanisms were dismantled over time, and now only concrete walls and foundations remain here.
The absence of a lift gives a lot of inconvenience to citizens who want to get from the embankment to Kosygin Street. People have to wind around the extra hundreds of meters, and only mountain climbers can climb the shortest path to the Palace of Pioneers under the metro bridge overpass. Although plans to restore the escalator periodically appear in the Government of Moscow (including already in the time of Sobyanin), the ruin on Vorobyovy Gory continues to be a ruin.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the "office" of the Moscow Society of Alpine Skiing and Water Sports (MOG-L. and V.S.) was located in the estate of S. Grachev. Grachev's three-story dacha, as an example of rich summer cottage development, has been preserved at the intersection of the current Kosygin Street and Vernadsky Avenue, but it is not the skiers-athletes who lodge in it, but the traffic police department of the Central Internal Affairs Directorate.
