The main building of Moscow State University. Leninsky mountains (around the skyscraper)

- (until 1935 Sparrow Hills) the name of the steep right bank of the river. Moscow, in the southwest of Moscow (on the section from the mouth of the Setun River to the Okruzhnaya Bridge railway, near the Central Park of Culture and Leisure). Height up to 80 m. Complicated ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

"Lenin's mountains"- metro station on the Sokolnicheskaya line. Opened in 1959. Architects M.P. Bubnov, A.S. Markelov, M.F. Markovsky, A.K. Ryzhkov, B.I. Thor. The station is located in the lower tier of the metro bridge. Vestibules (architects N.I. Demchinsky, V.I. Aleshina) have ... ... Moscow (encyclopedia)

Lenin's mountains-, their mountains. The name of the hill on the right bank of the river. Moscow within the city limits of Moscow (until 1924 Sparrow Hills). ITU, vol. 2, 248; BES, 702 ... Explanatory Dictionary of the Language of Soviet Deputies

Lenin's mountains- Leninsky mountains, the name of the Sparrow Hills in 1924-91 ... Dictionary "Geography of Russia"

Leninskiye Gory (metro station)- Station " Sparrow Hills» Sokolnicheskaya line Moscow metro "Leninskiye Gory" before reconstruction (above) and "Vorobyovy Gory" after (below) ... Wikipedia

Sparrow Hills- This term has other meanings, see Sparrow Hills (meanings). Historical area in Moscow Sparrow Hills ... Wikipedia

Sparrow Hills (metro station)- This term has other meanings, see Sparrow Hills (meanings). The style of this article is not encyclopedic or violates the norms of the Russian language. The article should be corrected according to the stylistic rules of Wikipedia ... Wikipedia

Sparrow Hills

Sparrow Hills (Moscow)- Slopes of the Sparrow Hills Trinity Church on the Sparrow Hills Sparrow Hills (in 1935 1999 Leninsky Hills) the name of the area in the south-west of Moscow, which is the high right bank of the Moscow River (a steep cliff of the Teplostanskaya Upland, ... ... Wikipedia

Sparrow Hills- Slopes of the Sparrow Hills Trinity Church on the Sparrow Hills Sparrow Hills (in 1935 1999 Leninsky Hills) the name of the area in the south-west of Moscow, which is the high right bank of the Moscow River (a steep cliff of the Teplostanskaya Upland, ... ... Wikipedia

Books

• Moscow. Guide, I. K. Myachin. Guide includes short description the flag, the coat of arms of the capital, the main industrial centers, centers of culture, medicine, as well as division into districts. Routes for tourists are described: Central ... Buy for 300 rubles
• Leonid Martynov. Poems, Leonid Martynov. Life edition. Moscow, 1957. Publishing house "Young Guard". Publisher's binding. The safety is good. The collection of Leonid Martynov presents such poems as "Dream ...

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Today it is difficult to imagine Moscow without the majestic silhouette of the Main building of the Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov. The largest of the capital's high-rise buildings has been rising on Sparrow Hills since 1953. It was in this year that the four-year construction of the University Ensemble was completed, designed by architects L. Rudnev, S. Chernyshev, P. Abrosimov and A. Khryakov. The chief engineer of the project was V.N. Nasonov.

The complex includes 30 main and 20 auxiliary buildings, an observatory, a botanical garden, a forest park, and a sports town. The area of ​​the complex covers about 167 hectares.

The main building of Moscow State University or GZ (as students and teachers call it) faces the center of Moscow with a wide front. A clear silhouette is visible from the farthest distances. The main building, crowned with a spire with a star, rises in giant ledges to a height of 235.7 m. The highest part of the building rises to 36 floors.
During the construction of Moscow State University, a fundamentally new carrier system was developed. The developer of the system was the outstanding scientist designer N.V. Nikitin (creator of the Ostankino television tower). The building of Moscow State University stands on a box-shaped foundation, as if "floating" in the ground and providing a uniform settlement of the building. The original details of the steel frame were also developed. The building of Moscow State University at that time was the most tall building in Europe.

The 18- and 9-storey wings of the dormitories diverge from the Main Building, forming court-court yards. Students and graduate students live in dormitories, apartments for university teachers are located in the corner towers.
In the central part of the main volume there are two faculties, an assembly hall for 1300 seats, a scientific library, and a museum. The building has high-speed elevators for 20 people. The remaining faculties occupy buildings located near the Main Building. Built simultaneously with the central building, they form a single ensemble of the scientific campus.

The towers are equipped with giant dials of clocks, barometers and thermometers, which stand out in contrast against the light cladding of the building. For the first time, prefabricated cladding panels were used to finish the building.
On the south side of the building there is a front yard with fountains and flower beds. Here in 1953year, a monument to M.V. Lomonosov by the sculptor N. Tomsky.

Honored Soviet artists and sculptors took part in the decoration of the University Ensemble: N.V. Tomsky, S.T. Konenkov, M.K. Anikushin, E.V. Vuchetich, P.D. Korin, I.M. Toidze and others. The building of Moscow State University on Sparrow Hills has been and remains a symbol not only of Moscow University, but of all Russian education.

Leninskiye Gory is a microdistrict in Moscow, which is part of the Ramenki district. The microdistrict is limited by Michurinsky and Lomonosovsky avenues, Vernadsky avenue and Kosygin street. Also on the territory of the microdistrict are the streets of Academician Khokhlova, Academician Samarsky, Lebedev, Mendeleevskaya, University Avenue and University Square. On the territory of the Lenin Hills there are buildings of Moscow State University. M. V. Lomonosov, some other buildings and Botanical Garden Moscow State University. Nearby there are metro stations "Universitet" and "Vorobyovy Gory".

Unlike the park and the metro station, the microdistrict was not renamed Vorobyovy Gory. For example, the official address of the main building of Moscow University looks like this: 119991, Moscow, Leninskiye Gory, Moscow State University, 1. Almost all other buildings in the microdistrict have addresses like “Leninskiye Gory, building 1, building N”. Exceptions include the buildings of the SAI (Universitetsky Prospekt, building 13), the Institute of Mechanics (Michurinskiy Prospekt, building 1) and several other auxiliary buildings.

How to get to Sparrow Hills: st. Metro University.

Sparrow Hills (in the period from 1924 to 1991 - Lenin Hills) - this is the name of the area located in the southwestern part of Moscow, opposite the Luzhniki Stadium. Like all the mountains of Moscow, the Sparrow Hills do not correspond to this status - it is just the high bank of the Moscow River, part of the Teplostan Upland, washed away by the river current. Sparrow Hills are considered one of the seven hills on which Moscow was built. The mountains stretch from the mouth of the Setun River to the Andreevsky Bridge. Their southern border is in contact with the Neskuchny Garden. We can say that Sparrow Hills are located in the center of Moscow - 5.5 km from the Kremlin and 13 km from the Moscow Ring Road.

The name of the area comes from the village of Vorobyevo, which existed here in ancient times. It is known that at the end of the 15th century, the daughter of the Grand Duke of Lithuania and the wife of the Grand Duke of Moscow Vasily I, Princess Sophia acquired from an Orthodox priest nicknamed Sparrow his village, which was called Vorobyevo. It is impossible to say exactly, but there is a possibility that this is one of the oldest settlements on the territory of present-day Moscow. This village turned into the summer residence of the Grand Duke, and then the Tsar.

For many years, the Vorobyov years served as a viewing platform for the conquerors - from here the Crimean Khan Kazy-Girey and the Polish hetman Khotkevich looked at Moscow. From the middle of the 17th to the 18th century, at the northern foot of the Sparrow Hills, there was the Andreevsky Monastery, and in the second half of the 19th century, this corner of Moscow gained popularity as a summer cottage.

When Vorobyovy Gory was renamed Leninskiye Gory, oddly enough, it is impossible to give an exact answer, despite the fact that this happened relatively recently. Three dates are named: 1924, 1935 and 1936, as the time of the probable renaming of the Sparrow Hills. According to some historians, they were renamed in the year of V.I. Lenin in his memory, according to others, the renaming was the result of the project to create a large sports center named after V.I. Lenin. Until the 90s of the 20th century, the mountains remained Leninsky, and only in 1999 they were officially returned to their historical name, and at the same time the metro station was renamed.

In 1949-1953, a complex of buildings of the Moscow State University was built on the Sparrow Hills. The famous university skyscraper was built on the initiative of I.V. Stalin and with the participation of architects B.M. Iofana, L.V. Rudnev, S. E. Chernysheva, P. V. Abrosimov, A. F. Khryakova, and V. N. Nasonov. In 1953, when the building was completed, it was the tallest in Moscow - its height, together with the spire, reaches 240 meters.

The university observation deck, located opposite the main high-rise building of Moscow State University, has long been popular place recreation for both Muscovites and guests of the capital. The site is located about 80 meters above the level of the Moskva River, and a breathtaking panorama of Moscow opens from here.

Next door to observation deck there is the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity on Sparrow Hills, miraculously survived during the years of anti-religious struggle. This church is mentioned by L.N. Tolstoy in the novel "War and Peace". When the first church was built on the Sparrow Hills is unknown. Information has reached us only about the Trinity Church built in 1644, and the current church was built in 1811 in the manner of classicism. It is known that M.I. prayed here. Kutuzov before the council in Fili. This old church is still active.

In 1953, a ski jump was built on the Sparrow Hills, and a ski slope with lighting and a chair lift was installed. Often this park hosts competitions in motorsport or mountain biking. The Luzhnetsky metro bridge, on which the Vorobyovy Gory (Leninskiye Gory) station is located, was built in 1958. It connected Komsomolsky Prospekt with the Moscow State University buildings, and an escalator was installed next to the exit from the metro with access to Kosygina Street, from where it was possible to climb to the observation deck.

In 1987, the then Leninsky Mountains were declared a natural monument, and in 1988 the State nature reserve Sparrow Hills. Today, the reserve is engaged in projects aimed at protecting natural and historical heritage Moscow. Within the framework of the projects, ecological and tourist routes have been developed, excursions are conducted along them, and work is underway on environmental education among schoolchildren, and scientific research is being carried out.

The green spaces of the Sparrow Hills stretch in the form of a curved narrow strip (width 0.5 - 3.5 km) along the right bank of the Moskva River. In the south-west, the forest-park massif borders on the Vorobyovskoye Highway, and above it there is a motorway laid between Vernadsky Avenue and Komsomolsky Avenue. The river bed is enclosed in concrete banks, various sports facilities have been built along the embankments, paved roads and footpaths have been laid. Part of the park is occupied by a natural forest with very old trees and small swamps, and in some areas there are flower beds, alleys along which shrubs and trees have been planted.

Construction has never been carried out on Sparrow Hills, and the land was not used for agricultural needs, because. in this place there is a large difference in the level of the relief, and in addition, intensive landslide processes take place here.