All about Sparrow Hills. Sparrow Hills
One of the cult sights of Moscow, which has become a must-see point on the maps of tourists coming to the capital. It is from here that the widest panorama of the city opens, accessible all year round, at any time of the day or night - and, by the way, absolutely free.
Height observation deck- about 80 meters above the Moscow River (200 meters above sea level).
The high altitude is due to the features of the relief: the site is located in the very high point Sparrow Hills - a steep cliff of the Teplostan Upland, which forms the high right bank of the Moscow River. Thanks to this, Vorobyovy Gory perceptibly rises above the city, and visitors to the observation deck are literally on the edge of the cliff, which offers a magnificent view of the central part of Moscow.
Observation deck at Vorobyovy Gory, September 2018
It should be noted that Sparrow Hills are popular not only among tourists. Following a long-standing city tradition, newlyweds often come here, and in the evenings, Moscow bikers and street racers gather on the site.
Panorama of Moscow
The observation deck of the Sparrow Hills is rightfully considered the main observation deck of Moscow: this is the only public place from which you can really feel the scale of the city.
Due to its favorable location in the center of Moscow, it boasts the widest and most diverse panorama of the capital: no other observation deck has so many visible sights.
Panorama of Moscow from Sparrow Hills, September 2018
From here you can see almost all the iconic skyscrapers of the capital, 6 out of 7 Stalinist skyscrapers (including the Moscow State University building behind the site), a number of architectural sights in the central part of the city (and even the Kremlin!), As well as the embankments of the Moscow River. And if you look closely at the construction cranes on the horizon, you can even look a little into the future of Moscow and imagine how the urban landscape will change in the future. The panorama of the city is rapidly changing, and in a few years it will be noticeably different from what can be seen today (as well as today's panorama is different from what it was a few years ago).
At the same time, the view that opens up is very dynamic: if you look closely, you can see how cars drive along the Third Transport Ring and the bright red Lastochka trains along the MCC.
And to make it even more interesting to admire the view of Moscow from the Sparrow Hills, free observation binoculars are installed on the site, thanks to which some buildings can be seen literally in detail.
Exactly opposite the observation deck is a conspicuous round structure, the Luzhniki Grand Sports Arena. The Olympic Stadium, opened in 1956, is a very convenient starting point for viewing views of the city.
To the left of the Luzhniki
At the leftmost point relative to Luzhniki, eyes meet views of modern Moscow and the highest Moscow skyscrapers: the Mirax Plaza business center, as well as residential complexes and the House on Begovaya. The Nordstar Tower business center on Begovaya Street is clearly visible on Krasnopresnenskaya Embankment.
A little to the right -, unexpectedly adjacent to the Ostankino TV tower and the pipes of CHPP-12, ("White House") and. In addition to the hotel "Ukraine", to the left of the "Luzhniki" you can see two more Stalinist skyscrapers: and. The view of the high-rise of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is impressive: from here it looks like a giant rock towering over the city. Between the Stalinist skyscrapers, book houses lined up in a row, and in front of them is the Novodevichy Convent and various residential buildings.
If you look a little more closely, you can also notice a 165-meter skyscraper, the silhouette of which tourists sometimes confuse with Stalin's skyscrapers.
You can clearly see the Vorobyovskaya and Luzhnetskaya embankments of the Moskva River, as well as the Berezhkovsky bridge connecting Novodevichya embankment with Berezhkovskaya, and the Luzhnetsky railway bridge.
Center - "Luzhniki"
The Olympic sports complex "Luzhniki" is the undoubted dominant of local views: the Big Sports Arena, located exactly opposite the observation deck, cannot be confused with anything or not seen.
Behind the dome of the arena you can see a number of iconic Moscow sights and simply noticeable places: St. Basil's Cathedral and the bell towers of the Kremlin cathedrals, the buildings of the Moscow State Medical University named after Sechenov, the Stalinist skyscraper at the Red Gates and the giant ("To commemorate the 300th anniversary of the Russian fleet") by Zurab Tsereteli. Especially the eye clings to the monument to Peter I - this is the most tall monument in Russia and one of the highest in the world, its height is 98 meters.
Another interesting detail was cable car, stretching between Sparrow Hills and Luzhniki over the Moscow River: from the observation deck you can see its stations and cabins moving above the water.
To the right of the Luzhniki
On the right side of the panorama you can see another Stalinist skyscraper -. Not far from the skyscraper is the building of the hotel "Swissotel Krasnye Holmy", noticeable due to the design of its upper part: it looks like a flying saucer is parked on the roof. The Shukhov Radio Tower (Shabolovskaya Tower) stands apart: a unique hyperboloid structure peeks out from behind a green massif. The construction, erected in 1920-1922, is a recognized masterpiece of engineering thought, in no way inferior to eiffel tower in Paris.
To the right of other noticeable objects is the 22-storey building of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, opened in the early 1990s. Muscovites liked the building of the Russian Academy of Sciences: for its unusual architectural forms on the roof, they dubbed it "golden brains" and immediately invented many fantastic stories about their purpose - they say, these are antennas for communicating with extraterrestrial intelligence. "Golden Brains" has become one of the city's mysteries - perhaps it was for this building that Muscovites fell in love.
In front of the building of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, you can see a unique structure - a 2-level Luzhnetsky metro bridge, thrown over the Moskva River between Luzhnetskaya and Vorobyovskaya / Andreevskaya embankments. On the lower tier is the Vorobyovy Gory metro station (until 1999 - " Lenin's mountains") is the world's first metro station located above the river: it was opened in 1959. The upper tier of the bridge is given over to cars - a busy highway passes through it. In addition, on both sides of the bridge there are open pedestrian crossings along which you can cross the Moscow River without entering the station.
History of the observation deck
The observation deck was equipped simultaneously with the construction of the Moscow State University complex in 1949-1953.
The place for it was dictated by the relief itself: Vorobyovy Gory - the high right bank of the Moskva River, a steep cliff of the Teplostan Upland, washed away by the current. Construction over the cliff was unsafe because of the danger of a landslide: initially, they wanted to build the main building of Moscow State University closer to the river, but this turned out to be impossible. The skyscraper was built away from the cliff, and an observation deck was equipped on its edge. Since the construction, the observation deck has changed little: nowadays, viewing binoculars have been installed on it, and an illuminated diagram of Moscow with the Moskva River has been built into the paving, but otherwise it has remained the same.
Various organizations repeatedly had plans to build or install monuments on the observation deck of the Sparrow Hills (in particular, the city authorities considered the possibility of installing here), but none of them, fortunately, came true.
According to urban legends, in the past the Vorobyovy Gory more than once became observation platform for the conquerors: they say that the Crimean Khan Kazy Giray II (Gazy II Gerai) and the Lithuanian hetman Khodkevich looked at Moscow from here during their campaigns.
How to get there
You can get to the observation deck on Sparrow Hills on foot from the metro station "Sparrow Hills" Sokolnicheskaya line, it is located on Kosygin Street near University Square.
However, the path from the metro is not so obvious: to go from the station to the site, you need to exit the lobby towards Kosygin Street, then go under the bridge to the end of the alley under it and turn right - there, an equipped path with steps and a log climbs up the slope of Sparrow Hills. parapet. The trail ascends to Kosygin Street, where there are signs towards the site (one of them is located just at the end of the trail).
Trail to the observation deck of Sparrow Hills
The observation deck on Sparrow Hills is available around the clock and free of charge.
- (in 1924 91 Leninsky mountains), a high section of the right bank of the river. Moscow in the southwest of Moscow. The steep cliff of the Teplostan Upland. Height approx. 220 m (above the river edge approx. 60 70 m). A network of deep ravines, landslide mounds. Deciduous forests. On ... ... Russian history
- (in 1924 91 Leninskiye Gory), the name of the high right bank of the Moskva river, opposite the Luzhnikovskaya bend, in the southwest of the city; one of the "seven hills" of Moscow. They stretch from the mouth of the river. Setun to the Andreevsky Bridge of the District Railway ... ... Moscow (encyclopedia)
Sparrow Hills- (in 1924-91 Leninskiye Gory), a high section of the right root bank of the Moskva River in the southwest of Moscow. It is a steep cliff of the Teplostan Upland. The height is about 220 m (about 60-70 m above the river edge). V. g. are composed of sands and ... ... Dictionary "Geography of Russia"
Sparrow Hills- Sparrow mountains, Sparrow mountains (in Moscow) ... Russian spelling dictionary
The former (until 1935) name of the Leninsky mountains (See Leninsky mountains) in Moscow ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia
Sparrow Hills has several meanings: "Sparrow Hills" is the name of the area in the south-west of Moscow on the steep right bank of the Moscow River (1924–1991 "Lenin Hills"). "Vorobyovy Gory" colloquial and at the same time outdated official ... Wikipedia
Vorobyovy Gory Station Small Ring Moscow Railway Railway... Wikipedia
This term has other meanings, see Sparrow Hills (meanings). The style of this article is not encyclopedic or violates the norms of the Russian language. The article should be corrected according to the stylistic rules of Wikipedia ... Wikipedia
Slopes of the Sparrow Hills Trinity Church on the Sparrow Hills Sparrow Hills (in 1935 1999 Leninsky Hills) the name of the area in the south-west of Moscow, which is the high right bank of the Moscow River (a steep cliff of the Teplostanskaya Upland, ... ... Wikipedia
Vorobyovy Gory station Sokolnicheskaya line Moscow metro Leninskiye Gory before reconstruction (top) and Vorobyovy Gory after (bottom) ... Wikipedia
Books
- , Butkova Olga Vladimirovna. 3 features: - Coloring illustrations of estates and parks of Moscow - Clear text, Interesting Facts and wonderful pictures -Great souvenir and memorable book for a little traveler!Description…
- Estates and parks of Moscow. Coloring guide, Olga Butkova. What awaits you under the cover: A fascinating coloring guide to the most beautiful parks and estates of Moscow. Each spread of this book is a journey into the world of history and architecture. For those, who…
Sparrow Hills - famous place recreation that has own history and preserved the natural beauty of Moscow lands. This is one of the "seven hills of Moscow", from which the capital was built. What to see on Sparrow Hills in Moscow? Once here, you can choose from several proposed landscapes: take a walk, visit the Vorobyovskaya embankment, or maybe wander along ecological paths in a protected forest or look at Moscow from a 200 m height observation deck.
Content:
Story
The history of this place dates back to the Iron Age - even then ancient settlements stood on these hills.
The area got its name from the Vorobyevo settlement, which belonged to the rich boyars Vorobyovs. The ancient thousand-year-old family of the Vorobyovs enjoyed special honor and recognition from the rulers. Sloboda is repeatedly mentioned in chronicles; Ivan the Terrible and Boris Godunov liked to visit it.
In the 15th century the lands were transferred to the Grand Duchess Sofya Vitovtovna - and since then they have become a place of royal rest. The residence of Moscow princes, tsars and emperors was built. The beautiful Vorobyov Palace has not survived to this day, completely destroyed by fire in 1812. But the Dmitriev-Mamonov estate of the same time has been preserved, and today the lower part of its park is open to visitors.
In Soviet times, an attempt was made to rename the mountains to "Lenin", but it was not successful - the original name was preserved.
The monumental complex of eight buildings of the Moscow State University (MSU) can rightfully be considered the main architectural landmark of the Sparrow Hills. In 1949, the first stone was solemnly laid.
The hill of Sparrow Hills also attracted religious ministers. Temple of the Life-Giving Trinity, built in the 19th century. on the site of a dismantled dilapidated wooden church of the 17th century. - an Orthodox church that still operates today.
At the foot of the Sparrow Hills stands the Andreevsky Monastery in Captives.
What to watch?
Sparrow Hills, being a nature protection zone, a large park, a green area, act as an island of peace and tranquility. The area stretches along the right bank of the Moskva River from the Setun River to the Andreevsky Bridge. The local park of the same name will delight you with three ponds, lost in a broad-leaved forest. It contains flora and fauna rare for Moscow. Between the old lindens, oaks, maples laid three ecological trails. Walking along them, you can hear bird trills - there are special places in the park for them to feed birds.
In summer, you can diversify the walk by renting roller skates or a bicycle. There are gazebos designed for 7-10 people. Instead of walking along the embankment, you can swim on the river bus.
In winter, the slope is used for sledding, separate ski slopes the lift is working.
To the observation deck in addition to hiking trails cable car was carried out. Today it is under restoration, the length of the new funicular will be 737 m. The new cable car station on the embankment will also be a museum.
From this observation deck, Karamzin, Bulgakov, Blok and others admired the view centuries earlier. romantic place for lovers, inspiring for creators. The site offers a picturesque panorama of Moscow, a bird's-eye view allows you to see the Moscow River, roofs of houses and domes of churches, a monument latest architecture- business complex "Moscow-City".
Since 2014, the site has been equipped with interactive map Moscow, a recreation area has been ennobled under the site.
How to get there?
It is convenient to get to Sparrow Hills by metro. A bridge is thrown across the Moskva River, on it there is an unusually designed metro station "Vorobyovy Gory" - it runs along the red line of the metro.
After exiting the station, follow the sign to the exit “To Vorobyovy Gory, Kosygin Street” and you will find yourself right under the bridge in the park area. Walk from the metro to the observation deck along the paved paths for 15-20 minutes, depending on the step. However, along the way beautiful places, benches and gazebos, a lake with birds, that you will want to see all this, and then the walk to the lookout may take more time. At the same time, there will also be more pleasure.
Vorobyovy Gory is big park on a slope, in a bend along the banks of the Moscow River. Its territory is 137.5 hectares. In 1987 Sparrow Hills became a natural monument, since 1998 it has been a state nature reserve, created in order to preserve the historical, cultural and natural environment, broad-leaved forest, located in close proximity to the city center. In 2013, the Vorobyovy Gory reserve was included in the composition.
In the east, the territory of the Vorobyovy Gory begins from the Novoandreevsky railway and road bridges across the Moscow River. From the south and from the west, the territory of the Sparrow Hills is limited by the area adjacent to Kosygin Street. In the north, the border of the Sparrow Hills is the mouth of the Setun River.
Vorobyovy Gory is a spur of the Teplostan Upland, rising 80 meters above the level of the Moscow River. Large oaks, ash-trees, maples, lindens, birches, alders, willows, herbaceous plants of deciduous forests grow on the slope to the river. Small animals and birds, rare for Moscow, live here.
The territory of the park is crossed by the Luzhnetsky (Luzhnikovsky) metro bridge with the Vorobyovy Gory metro station (until 1999 - Leninskiye Gory) on it. The Luzhnetsky Bridge was opened on January 12, 1959. Due to errors in the design and construction of the bridge, it had to be completely rebuilt. The reconstruction of the bridge was completed in 2002.
Vorobyovy Gory got its name from the village of Vorobyov, first mentioned in 1453 in the will of Grand Duchess Sofia Vitovtovna. since 1473 the village was owned by Ivan III. Since that time, it has not left the hands of the grand duke. Vasily III, who fell ill, returned to Moscow through Vorobyovo on the eve of his death. He spent several days in the village, entered the city and the next day, December 3, 1533, he died. In the Vorobyov Palace, Ivan the Terrible waited out the grand fire in June 1547. Then about a third of the city burned down.
At the end of the 17th century, during the reign of Princess Sophia, a new Vorobyov Palace was built, about 80 sazhens (about 160 meters) long, wooden on stone foundations. It was replaced by the palace of the architect I. Michurin, built in 1732-1735. There were about 250 large and small halls on two floors of the palace.
In 1776, the wooden Prechistensky Palace of Matvey Kazakov was moved to Vorobyovo. It was built as a temporary one on Prechistenka in 1774-1776. The palace burned down in 1812. After him, palace construction in Vorobyov was not resumed. By the beginning of the 20th century, it was common for middle lane village with the Trinity Church, built in 1811-1813. The village survived until 1956, when it was demolished. There was no place for him next to the new building of the University. Today, only the name and on the edge above the river reminds of Vorobyov.
On October 12, 1817, the solemn laying of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior took place on Sparrow Hills in memory of the Patriotic War of 1812. It was assumed that a temple about 170 meters high would be built with a staircase to the river, with an underground temple - a crypt. But due to changes in the outlook on the construction program and because of the complexity of the soil in the chosen place, work was stopped in 1826.
Few people know that the Vorobyovsky reservoir of the Moscow water supply is located on the Sparrow Hills. This large structure with a capacity of 170,000 cubic meters of water was built in 1902 by the architect M.K. Geppener. A beautiful pavilion with an observation deck and a square was erected above the reservoir. During commissioning and filling the reservoir with water, plumbing engineers poured a bottle of champagne into it, bought at the nearby Krynkin restaurant, so that all Muscovites would celebrate this event. Today, the reservoir is located on the territory of Mosvodokanal, there is no access to its pavilion.
Vorobyovy Gory has always been used as a place of rest. In the summer, people came here for the whole day, families, large companies, with their own samovars, food, and drinks. Skiing here in winter. A continuation of this pre-revolutionary tradition was the construction in 1953 of a ski jump. Near the ski jump there is a ski slope and a chair lift operates.
In 1948, on a site 850 meters away from the crest of the Sparrow Hills, on reliable ground, construction work began. The building with a height of 182 meters, and with a spire - 240 meters, was built according to the project of a group of architects headed by L.V. Rudnev. September 1, 1953 University - the temple of science was opened. From the University to the edge of the hill, on which the observation deck is located, there is a wide boulevard with flower beds, fountains, cast-iron lanterns and busts of prominent scientists.
At the end of 2014, the observation deck of the Sparrow Hills was reconstructed. It contains an interactive granite map of Moscow. It is assumed that in 2015 a monument to the baptist of Russia, Prince Vladimir, will be erected on the Sparrow Hills.
Metro station: Sparrow Hills
Sparrow Hills is an area located on the high right bank of the Moscow River. In 1935 it was renamed and became known as Leninskiye Gory. However, the historical name did not leave the lexicon; the phrase Sparrow Hills was more often used among the people. In 1999, the former name was returned. This hill is one of the seven hills of Moscow. Such an analogy with Rome appeared as early as the 16th century, when Moscow was being actively rebuilt. Now on Sparrow Hills there is a park of the same name. It is very popular among tourists and residents of Moscow viewpoint. Its height relative to the level of the river is 80 m. From the observation deck on Sparrow Hills one of the most picturesque views capital Cities.
History of Sparrow Hills
As archeological excavations carried out on Sparrow Hills in the 19th century showed, ancient settlements on this site already existed in the 1st millennium BC. e. The name Sparrow Hills comes from the village of Vorobyevo, which was located here in the 14th century. The village is named after the famous boyar family - the Vorobyovs - who were its original owners. In 1453, the village was bought by Princess Sofya Vitovtovna, the wife of Prince Vasily I. A wooden palace was built here. Thus, Vorobyevo becomes a popular residence of Moscow princes, and later of Russian tsars and emperors. The palace was rebuilt several times. In 1812 it was destroyed by fire. Since the 19th century Vorobyovy Gory is popular summer cottage and a place to relax.
In 1949, construction of a new building of Moscow State University began on the territory of the village of Vorobyevo. As a result, only the Trinity Church remained from the village. Interesting story about this ancient temple. It is known that already at the time of the purchase of the village of Vorobyevo by Princess Sophia, there was an ancient wooden church. Subsequently, it was rebuilt several times. Preserved on this moment The stone Trinity Church began to be built in 1811. Construction was interrupted by the Patriotic War, and completed in 1813. It is known that in 1812 M. I. Kutuzov prayed in it. It is noteworthy that the Trinity Church was not closed in the 20th century.
Sparrow Hills and modernity
In 1953, a ski jump was built on Sparrow Hills, which is still in operation. Also popular is ski slope chair lifts work. Various competitions are held on Sparrow Hills, for example, mountain biking.
In 1958, a metro bridge was built with the Vorobyovy Gory station (at the time of its opening, the station was called Leninskiye Gory).
At the end of the 20th century, the Vorobyovy Gory State Nature Reserve was created. Its main goal is to protect the nature of Moscow. Now the park is a protected natural area. Ecological trails have been created. Guided tours.
Now Vorobyovy Gory is popular tourist place. Both Muscovites and guests of the capital love to visit here. The observation deck offers a beautiful panorama of Moscow. And the park stretching along the embankment is perfect for walking and active rest. On Sparrow Hills there is an interesting architectural landmark of the Soviet era - the main building of Moscow State University. Lomonosov (about him in more detail will be written below). Also, the architectural sights of the Sparrow Hills include the Trinity Church, located at the foot of the Andreevsky Monastery, the ancient estate of Mamonov Dacha.
The building of Moscow State University on Sparrow Hills
The main architectural landmark of the Sparrow Hills is the main building of Moscow State University. Its spire towers over the entire neighborhood and is visible from afar. The height of the building is 182 m, and the height with a spire is 240 m. The number of floors of the central building is 36. The building of Moscow State University on Sparrow Hills is one of the famous "Stalin skyscrapers". In 1947, at the suggestion of I.V. Stalin, the Council of Ministers decided to build eight high-rise buildings - they were supposed to symbolize the 800th anniversary of Moscow, which was celebrated in 1947. However, the construction of one of the buildings was stopped after Stalin's death. As conceived by the authors, skyscrapers were supposed to surround the Palace of Soviets - a grandiose project that was never realized. The style of the seven skyscrapers built was called the Stalinist Empire style.
The best specialists of that time were involved in the construction of the Moscow State University building on Sparrow Hills. Work began in 1948, they were supervised by Beria himself. B. M. Iofan was appointed chief architect. He developed the overall composition of the building. However, later he did not agree with the foundation specialists about the location of the building. Soon B. M. Iofan was dismissed. Further work was carried out under the guidance of the architect L. V. Rudnev. It is noteworthy that the theme thesis called "University big city". The laying of the first stone took place in 1948. Works (construction, interior decoration, arrangement of the adjacent territory) were completed in 1953. On September 1 this year, the first training sessions were held in the new building. For 37 years, the main building of Moscow State University on Sparrow Hills has been the most tall building Europe (in 1990 the championship passed to Frankfurt).
Luzhniki
On the opposite bank of the Moskva River is the Luzhniki Olympic Complex. It is clearly visible from the observation deck on Sparrow Hills.
Particularly noteworthy is the main sports facility of Luzhniki - the stadium of the same name. Its construction began in 1955, and already in 1956 the grand opening took place. Since then, the stadium has been rebuilt many times.
The Luzhniki stadium hosted many sporting events. In 1980, it became the central venue for the Moscow Olympics. Also popular concert venue. For example, in 1990, the last concert of the Kino group took place here. It was attended by 72 thousand people. During the concert in the 4th and in last time The Olympic flame was lit in the stadium. Other major concerts were also held: Michael Jackson (1993), Madonna (2006), Metallica (2007), Red Hot Chili Peppers and Gogol Bordello (2012), etc. In 2008, the Chelsea UEFA Champions League final was held at the Luzhniki Stadium " - "Manchester United".
Luzhniki will host the 2018 FIFA World Cup. It is planned to host the opening match, one of the semi-finals and the final. The stadium is currently closed for renovation. It is the largest stadium in Russia and one of the largest in the world. The size of the field is 105x68 m. By 2018, it is planned to place 81,000 seats in the stands. The option of demolishing the stadium and building a new one in its place was considered, but in the end it was decided to reconstruct the existing one.
