All about Yalta - the most popular and expensive resort Crimea. The article will be useful to those readers who have not yet decided on a place of rest or are going to Yalta for the first time.

The city of Yalta is the pearl of the southern coast Crimean peninsula. The wonderful climate, rich subtropical flora, impressive views, developed infrastructure of the city and the proximity of all the main ones make it the most expensive and popular place recreation on the peninsula. In addition, Yalta is in demand among foreign tourists and famous media personalities.

Yalta is located in the southern part of the Crimea, in a kind of "bed" among the mountains - they surround the city on land from all sides. It can be safely compared with the Mediterranean resorts, not only because of the similar climate, but also because of the equal number of sunny days a year. Stone massifs reliably close Yalta from cold air currents from the north, so in winter the temperature here rarely drops below zero. Spring and autumn are characterized by warm and pleasant weather, and summer lasts a long time and pleases tourists with hot and sunny days.

The swimming season in Yalta is long, it usually begins at the end of May and ends at the end of the velvet season. The city is very green, the streets are fragrant with flowers: at different times you will meet crocuses, tulips, cyclamens, peonies, roses. They exude pleasant aromas and create a festive atmosphere.

Excursions around Yalta and surroundings

Most interesting excursions are routes from local residents on the Tripster. We recommend to start dating, and then a big one - one of the most picturesque resorts of Crimea ( Old city, boat trip and Museum cold war for 8 hours).

What is the best way to get to Yalta

If you decide to visit Crimea by plane, (the peninsula's only operating civil airport) is not a problem. Both regular minibuses and regular buses go to the resort very often.

The distance between cities is about 80 kilometers, which is about an hour's drive. In addition, Yalta can be reached using an intercity trolleybus network that connects Yalta, Simferopol, and many settlements. Big Yalta. The trolleybus travels quite slowly, but in such a walking mode you can fully enjoy the beauties of the surrounding nature.

If you are traveling by car, then you need to keep the path through Kerch crossing. After half an hour on the ferry, you will need to travel more than two hundred kilometers to reach your destination. Be aware that the last kilometers will be quite difficult due to the mountainous, narrow and winding road.

If you decide to experience all the delights, get ready for a large number of transfers. But the bus will take you directly to your destination, and they will also take you away. You don't need to go anywhere on your own.

Where to stay in Yalta - prices 2019

The city is focused on tourists, there is enough of all kinds of housing.

Yalta is divided into districts: the Old City and the New City. In the Old Town you can find all the attractions and entertainment, but the houses are far from the first freshness. The new city boasts modern buildings, peace and tranquility. Accommodation options are available for every taste. Sanatoriums and dispensaries, boarding houses, large hotels, private hotels, apartments and cottages, budget rooms in the private sector. Yalta has everything.

Where to stay closer to the center / beach and for adequate money:

• Eco Hotel Levant. Very cool hotel on the first line from the beach, in the Seaside Park area. Modern rooms, a beautiful area with a lot of amenities, a view of the Yalta embankment! Price from 5,000 rubles.

average temperature in the city by months:

Yalta through the eyes of a resident. About climate, ecology, areas, real estate prices and work in the city. Pros and cons of living in Yalta. Reviews of residents and those who moved to the city.

General information and a brief history of Yalta

Yalta, or as it is also called the “Russian Riviera”, is a resort capital in the southern part of Crimea. But the administrative center, called Big Yalta, includes: Alupka, Foros, etc. The length of Big Yalta is 72 km, and the territory is 900 hectares, half of which is built up, and the rest is planted with trees and exotic shrubs.

vast territory modern city has been inhabited since ancient times, but intensive development began in the 9th-6th century BC. Yalta was first mentioned in writings, then it was called Jalita, in the 12th century. The famous Arab traveler Adu Abdallah Muhammad al-Idrisi mentioned her in his writings.

This city has seen many conquerors, was in the possession of the Golden Horde, Genoa, the Ottoman Empire, the USSR, Ukraine. Today it is part of the Russian Federation. Only in 1838, together with the formation of the county, Yalta received the status of a city. And after 5 years, the development plan was agreed and the coat of arms was approved.

The rapid development of the city began during the construction of the port and highways with Simferopol and Sevastopol. From the beginning of the 60s of the 19th century, Yalta and its environs began to develop as resorts. At the same time, the imperial family acquired the Livadia estate here, later the favorite vacation spot of all the Romanovs. Thus, Yalta became a fashionable aristocratic resort.

The turning point and the impetus for the rapid development of the resort area was the decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR "On the use of the Crimea for the treatment of workers." At the same time, sanatoriums, the Artek children's camp, etc. were opened. Pioneers, the proletariat and cultural figures come to Yalta from all over the USSR.

Climate and ecology of Yalta

The climate in Yalta resembles a subtropical Mediterranean, acclimatization is very fast and easy.

Winters here are very warm for Russia, mild (average temperature +4-5°C). Cool in spring, very hot in summer. But autumn in Yalta is warm and long. The sun shines for about 2300 hours a year. By the way, Nice, Cannes and San Remo have the same figures.

Not the last role is played here by the combination of the non-freezing sea with the Crimean mountains, which reliably protect the city and its environs from cold winds in winter, dry heat and winds of the Tauride steppes in summer. From the south, the city is completely washed by the sea.

The swimming season in Yalta is very long, it opens at the end of May and lasts 149 days, until mid-October. The average water temperature is kept at around 20°C.

But from the point of view of ecology, the situation in Yalta is quite tense. The city has a strong traffic load, in connection with which the concentration of carbon monoxide exceeds the norm by 5-7 times. This is a clear sign of the poor quality of the fuel used. And the average concentration of benzopyrene is almost 2 times higher than the norm.

The sewage treatment plant and the water supply network are in a dilapidated condition, which contributes to the pollution of the water adjacent to the popular beaches. There are also problems with garbage collection; caring citizens often organize subbotniks and clean their city themselves. This situation allows Yalta to be included in the list of cities with unfavorable environmental conditions.

Population

In terms of population, Yalta occupies an honorable 3rd place among all the cities of the peninsula. About 90 thousand people permanently live in Yalta itself. At the same time, this figure increases by 300,000 - 500,000 people every holiday season due to city guests and tourists.

As for the gender and age group of the population, here 45% are men, and 55% are the fair sex. It is noteworthy that in recent years the percentage of the population that is younger and older than working age has sharply increased. But the percentage of the working-age population is constantly decreasing.

If we talk about the demographic situation as a whole, then it has almost the lowest rates in Crimea. The average birth rate is 9.3 per 1,000 people. Mortality exceeds these figures by 2 times.

AT recent times the marriage rate has increased, and divorce cases have decreased. Interestingly, Yalta residents are the least divorced in the cities of Crimea.

If we talk about the education of citizens, then there is no unequivocal answer here. There are not so many higher ones in the city educational institutions, in particular, only three: the Crimean University for the Humanities, the Institute of Economics and Management, the European University. Mostly dominated by a variety of colleges and schools. In general, education and its availability are at the average level.

People here are friendly, friendly, accustomed to numerous tourists. And they will tell you how to get there, and how to get there. True, traders in the markets are a little rude.

Districts and real estate of Yalta

Conventionally, Yalta is divided into 3 main areas: the old city, from where Yalta began, the new city and Chekhovo. The city also includes the village. Nikita and Livadia.

Old city

Or, Old Yalta, as the area is also called, originates from the street. Boulevard and stretches up to the east. This area is notable for a large accumulation of various buildings from the past centuries. It is the past, because since the end of the 20th century, practically nothing has been built in old Yalta, since there is no place for this. This area is characterized by narrow winding streets and a large number of houses built close to each other.

Old Yalta is an administrative district, where the mayor's office, police, hospitals, city administrative bodies, etc. are located. Among the buildings, 2- and 3-storey houses from the time of imperial Russia in the style of classicism and baroque, with their inherent stucco molding and chic decoration, predominate. Of course, many of these houses have been restored, but the outskirts of the district are dominated by shabby, graffiti-scribbled shacks, there is no other way to call them.

Most of the premises in the houses of this area are rented for shops, offices, banks, restaurants and other organizations providing all kinds of services, and the area itself is perfect for young motivated people to live, but not for families with small children.

If in the daytime diligence and efficiency reign in old Yalta, then at night the area turns into an entertainment center with countless restaurants, concert venues, clubs and summer cafes. This area also includes, perhaps, the most favorite vacation spot for both local residents and visiting guests - the Yalta Embankment. In any weather, at any time of the day, it is always crowded here.

It is impossible not to note the landscaping of this area. Here, a variety of tropical plants, trees and shrubs are presented in abundance. Without a doubt, the central part of the old town is very well landscaped. On the outskirts, you need to get used to strange for tourist center pictures. For example, to shabby semi-shabby buildings or to linen hung right on the street.

If we talk about the equipment of kindergartens and schools, then there are minor problems with this. But the number and variety of sites, on the contrary, has good indicators.

The average cost of an apartment near the Embankment is 120,000 - 150,000 dollars.

The new city is a fashionable residential area in the north-west of the city, consists of several neighborhoods with serial numbers.

New Yalta is distinguished by its intricate buildings and modern, fully equipped residential complexes.

Multi-storey buildings, numerous hotels, a large number of landscaped yards and playgrounds. The area is picturesque, well landscaped.

There are many shops, supermarkets, pharmacies and organizations providing various services to the population. Everything is within walking distance. Quiet, calm and measured environment. The average cost for a one-bedroom apartment in this area is $60,000 - $70,000.

Abolished village, included in the city. It is located in the west of the city near the house-museum of A.P. Chekhov, hence the name. Luxurious cottages, painted villas and houses predominate.

The area is fully landscaped, there are shops, pharmacies. Cons: the nearest hospital is far enough away, there are no large shopping centers.

Nikita is an urban-type settlement 7 km from Yalta. Here is the famous Nikitinsky Botanical Garden and many other parks and squares.

Mainly cottage village, recently gaining the status of the tourist center of Yalta for family holidays.

differs most clear sea. True, most of the residential buildings are located at a considerable distance from it. There are many hotels and guest houses here.

Quiet and peaceful place, ideal for families and children. Cons: the sea is far away, there are not enough clothing stores and pharmacies. The average cost of a private house fluctuates around $1,000,000.

On the other side of Yalta is the village of Livadia with the imperial estate. The Livadia Palace, the residence of the Romanov family, is the main attraction of this place. It has its own school, kindergarten, boarding school. Lots of hotels, shops, restaurants and bars. Recently, the development of this village with multi-storey residential complexes has been actively carried out.

The village is fully equipped with playgrounds, including new ones.

Cons: no large supermarkets and shopping centers, insufficiently equipped hospital.

Buses run constantly between the village and Yalta. fixed-route taxis. The average cost of a one-room apartment in a new building is 80,000-100,000 dollars, while prices for private houses range from 500,000 to 5,000,000 dollars.

Infrastructure Status

The housing and communal complex of Yalta is quite well developed. There are many private organizations serving the homes in the city. Despite the competition, the increase in prices for housing and communal services does not have to wait long. The amounts in receipts are growing, and practically nothing is being done for the benefit of houses and courtyards.

At home, street hooligans now and then scribble graffiti, and no one is in a hurry to erase this modern painting. The porches are cleaned well, as is the area around the house. But this is not done as often as the situation requires.

Fortunately, with the arrangement and maintenance of highways and roads in Yalta, everything is more or less tolerable. At least, you can’t say that the roads in the yards are bad or look like a sieve of bumps and potholes. All potholes are filled in time and quickly, and the roadbed is leveled.

If we talk about traffic jams and traffic jams, then if they happen here, then in the summer - at the peak of tourist activity.

As for the transport infrastructure of Yalta, it fully serves the needs of the resort. The main land arteries are highways: Simferopol - Alushta - Yalta and Sevastopol - Yalta - Feodosia. The city has a sea port, which has several directions: passenger, trade and cargo.

The main types of urban transport are buses and minibuses. The variety and remoteness of routes, as well as a large number of buses on the line, satisfy all the needs of citizens and guests of the city. Not so long ago, the city fleet was replenished with brand new buses from the post-Olympic Sochi with the symbols of the 2014 Olympics.

Despite the developed transport infrastructure, there are a lot of private taxi organizations in the city, which are also in demand among the population. The average price per kilometer is just under half a dollar.

If we talk about the problems of the city, then the most important of them can be called drinking water, or rather its lack. Drinking water was supplied to the city from the Ukrainian Dnieper through the North Crimean Canal. In light of recent events, this water is simply gone. Until 2017, the city will live off reserve storage facilities and artesian sources. By 2017, it is planned to complete the large-scale construction of a water pipeline, which will provide water to the entire Crimea, including Yalta.

Businesses and work in the city

The industry of Yalta revolves around 17 major enterprises. Basically, these are the light and food industries, the construction industry and the electric power industry.

The number of people employed in industry is 3.5 thousand people, which corresponds to 22.8% of those employed in the manufacturing sector and 5.8% of total employment in the economic complex.
Undoubtedly, the main industry is the food industry, whose enterprises employ more than 50% of all workers in the industry.

The main enterprises of the industry: The head plant of vintage wines "Massandra", Yalta bakery, meat factory, beer and non-alcoholic plant, JSC "Yalta fish factory".

In the future, the food industry will remain the leading industry in Yalta.

The electric power industry is represented by such enterprises as Krymteplokommunenergo, Yaltakurortteploenergo and Thermal Networks. The industry employs 33.5% of those employed in industry.

The building materials industry in Yalta is represented by the production and technological equipment department of the Krymspetsgidroremstroy trust, the Yalta plant Stroydetal, etc. The number of employees in the industry is 11.2%.

More than 2,000 objects of all forms of ownership are serving the population and guests in Yalta, including:

• More than 600 stores with an area of ​​over 36 thousand m2
• More than 500 catering establishments for 23.6 thousand seats
• 150 kiosks, pavilions
• 130 consumer services enterprises
• 12 markets for 3000 trading places
• 114 seasonal catering establishments for 4500 seats
• 530 outlets

Nevertheless, the main part of the able-bodied population of the city works at the enterprises of the resort all year round in all spheres of economic activity. The number of people employed in sectors of the economy in 2013 fell by 5% and amounted to 55 thousand people. This indicates an outflow of labor resources to other areas of economic activity. For example, the number of entrepreneurs and individuals has increased.

In the current year, as in the previous ones, the characteristic reason for dismissal is low wages, delay in wages up to 3 months, mismatch of the employee's qualifications with the requirements of the employer. In the first half of 2013, compared to the same period in 2012, the number of registered unemployed people decreased by 1.5 thousand people, which is 60% of the unemployed population registered.

Do not forget that Yalta has its own specifics as a resort and recreational complex, which carries out seasonal activities, which affects the structure of the economy and the work of enterprises, organizations and institutions and other areas of life of the population. The average number of full-time employees in all resort and tourism organizations is about 20 thousand people. In the period from May to September, the number of employees increases to 25 thousand people. As a rule, this contingent is made up of pupils, students, and pensioners involved in temporary work who previously worked at these enterprises.

It should be noted that the average salary in Yalta does not exceed $250.

Crime

The criminal situation in Yalta is generally stabilized. Since the entire leadership and most of the internal composition of law enforcement agencies changed in 2010, the percentage of crimes solved has begun to increase. If we talk about specific statistical figures, then in 2013, serious and especially serious offenses decreased by 5.5%.

In recent years, scammers have become more active in Yalta. Basically, they trade through SMS messages or go to the apartments of old people, posing as workers in social services and banks.
Also, the percentage of crimes committed by teenagers and youth has recently increased.

It should be noted that Yalta is the leader in the number of "land" crimes. It is understandable, because this is a resort. In the last 6 months alone, more than 200 illegal decisions of the authorities on the disposal of land plots have been cancelled. And this is only what was checked during the prosecutor's check. Real numbers are unlikely to ever surface.

Among the most "high-profile" and resonant crimes committed in Yalta, there are several. This murder of a newborn on the Ai Petri plateau shocked all the residents of Yalta ... And after 5 months, the residents of the city were dumbfounded by law enforcement agencies, who proved that the child was killed by her own mother. As well as dozens of murders committed by the criminal gang of “black realtors” who operated on the territory of Yalta, forced them to rewrite apartments for themselves, and then brutally killed their victims. Last year, all gang members were detained, the coordinator was sentenced to the highest measure of restraint in the form of life imprisonment

Sights of Yalta

Of course, the very first place that every person who comes to Yalta should visit is the Central Embankment. Lenin.

It is framed by palm trees and an endless number of all kinds of cafes, bars, restaurants, attractions for children and adults. Here, every gourmet will find a place to their taste: from hamburgers at McDonald's to a juicy steak with a glass of good red wine at Geneva. Here is a favorite meeting place for young people, hidden in the shade of palm trees - a monument to V.I. Lenin. And in the very center of the embankment there is a pier, from where you can go on a sea voyage on a motor ship or a pleasure boat. The cable car to Darsan Hill also starts from here.

In the cinema and concert hall "Yubileiny", which is located nearby, concerts of pop stars are constantly held. And lovers of stormy nightlife will be delighted with the clubs in the recreation center "Leto" and "Matrix", which are located in the hotel "Oreanda".

There are restaurants and cafes in Yalta for every taste and budget, which is worth the most pompous restaurant "White Lion" or "Karagol" - Brezhnev's favorite place!

Fans of French cuisine will be delighted with the "White Shark". For those to whom trips to pretentious establishments are alien, there are always numerous pizzerias and inexpensive cafes.

Of course, having visited the beloved city of Chekhov, one cannot but visit the house-museum of the famous Russian classic. Living in his estate in Yalta, A.P. Chekhov wrote his most famous works.

You can not pass by the majestic church of St. John Chrysostom.

One of the first stone buildings with unusual architecture is considered to be the main decoration of Yalta. This also includes the Armenian Church, the Nevsky Cathedral on the street. Sadovaya and the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker.

In addition to architectural delights, there are a lot of museums in Yalta with interesting expositions. And in the secluded corners of numerous parks and squares, various monuments to cultural and political figures are hidden.

3 km from Yalta is the famous residence of the last Romanov imperial family - the Livadia Palace.

It also hosted the Yalta Conference of the Heads of State who won the Second World War. Today, the palace has become a museum that is constantly open to visitors.

And on the territory of the sanatorium "Yalta" there is another palace, or rather a whole palace ensemble emir of Bukhara.

The chic Moorish-style palace is now occupied by the library of the sanatorium.

For children in Yalta, there is a huge number of attractions, the Aqua Park, the Skazka Zoo, the Aquatoria Theater of Marine Animals.

Hotel service in Yalta is simply amazing. There are hundreds of hotels, resorts and hotels of all ranks and stars. Among the main ones stand out: "Bristol", "Oreanda", "Yalta-Intourist", "Villa Elena".

Yalta on the map is located in the southern part of Crimea, from Foros in the west and up to Krasnokamenka in the east. This city is the recognized resort capital of the peninsula, an important passenger and commercial port.

Name history

The city of Yalta, according to the most common version, got its name from the Greek word "yalos", which translates as "shore". For the first time this settlement was mentioned in 1154. The lines about the Polovtsian city on the Black Sea coast came from the pen of the Arab historian Al-Idrisia.

Yalta on the map. Physical and geographical characteristics

The city is located in the southern part of the Crimean peninsula. It occupies the coast of the Yalta Bay, in the Black Sea. On the territory of the city are the hills of Darsan and Glory. On the land side, Yalta is surrounded by a semicircle of the Crimean Mountains.

A general resort attraction is the Vorontsovsky and Livadiysky parks, laid out on the territory of Greater Yalta (the latter includes the city itself, Alupka and many villages). First of all, they impress with their impressive size. When creating them, unique decorative foreign plants were widely used.

Climate features

Where is the city of Yalta? Approximately at the same geographical latitude as the popular Italian resorts of Genoa and Ravenna. Approximately 2250 hours a year the warm sun caresses the city. Such luxurious Mediterranean resorts as San Remo, Nice and Cannes can boast of a similar indicator. The city of Yalta (Crimea) has a temperate climate, similar to the Mediterranean subtropical. Winters here are rainy and mild, springs are cool, summers are long and hot, and autumns are warm and long (the so-called the Velvet season).

Yalta on the map of Crimea is in the arms warm sea and mountains, playing the role of reliable defenders from cold winds. Such geographical feature provides favorable conditions for vacationers.

Yalta (Crimea) is famous, first of all, for its recreational resources. Such reserves as "Cape Martyan", Crimean natural and Yalta mountain-forest, provide the medical and climatic value of the resort.

Beaches

Yalta (photos of the city are presented in the article) is famous for its magnificent beaches. However, not so long ago they were subjected to gradual destruction under the influence of landslides. People began to deliberately ennoble the beaches only a few decades ago. So, the construction of retaining walls, digging trenches in the seabed and filling them with stones was organized. With the help of floating cranes, hundred-ton groins were installed, and millions of cubic meters of rubble were placed between them. As a result, people have learned to create artificial beaches even in those areas that were previously considered absolutely unsuitable for recreation.

Fauna, flora

The Yalta nature reserve is unique place, where about two thousand species of a wide variety of plants grow. Juniper-oak forests and bushes cover the slopes of the city. The most common are Scotch and Crimean pine, as well as juniper, and fluffy, maple, hornbeam, beech, cedar, dogwood, pear and mountain ash.

The forests on the southern coast are extremely important for water and soil protection, therefore they are recognized as protected areas and are carefully protected.

The fauna of the southern Crimean coast has an island character and is similar in type to the Mediterranean. On this territory you can see red deer, roe deer, stone marten, badger, teleutka squirrel, wild boar, weasel, fox, hare, hedgehog, shrew, bat.

Ecological situation

First of all, let's highlight a number of existing problems:

• At least nine hundred units per hour (sometimes this figure reaches 1600 units) is the traffic load on the main highways of Yalta in the summer in the daytime. As for the winter period, boiler houses are considered the main source of harmful emissions into the atmosphere, the condition of their treatment systems has left much to be desired for many years.
• The maximum concentration on the highways of Simferopol reaches six MPC (maximum permissible concentration), and on the roads of Yalta - three may be due to the use of low-quality fuel.
• As experts have established, in Yalta the concentration of benzapyrene is almost twice as high as the optimal one. This fact suggests that the ecological situation in the city is unsatisfactory.
• In March 2012, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development allocated ten million hryvnias to modernize the Yalta sewerage system in order to stop the discharge of runoff into the Black Sea. However, as of 2013, the city's sewage treatment plants are still in very poor condition. For this reason, the waters adjacent to the port beaches are periodically polluted with sewage.
• April 2012 was marked by a wide discussion of the problem of poor cleaning of city streets. Local residents independently organized subbotniks to clear Yalta of garbage. In September of the same year, such events resumed, as the local authorities were unable to maintain cleanliness in the city.

A bit of history

The remains of the settlements of the ancient inhabitants of the Crimean territories - the Taurians - were found by archaeologists near Simeiz, on Cape Ai-Todor and on, as well as in some other places. Artifacts have been dated to around the fourth or fifth centuries BC. The Taurians were pirates, fishermen, farmers, hunters and herdsmen. Their way of life can be described as semi-sedentary.

According to legend, Yalta is a city founded by Greek sailors. It is believed that they wandered for a long time through the endless expanses of the Black Sea, and after they saw the long-awaited shore, they exclaimed: “Yalos!” (that's the Greek word for "shore"). Since then, these lands have been called that. On maps and in documents of the XIV century. the city is referred to as Yalita, Gialita, Callita and Etalita.

Yalta is Russia or Ukraine? Currently, it belongs to the Russian Federation, but in the summer of 1475, the city, like the whole of Crimea, was captured by the Ottoman Turks. The southern coast was included in the Ottoman Empire. In the second half of the fifteenth century there was a powerful earthquake that destroyed Yalta. Only seventy years later, Armenians and Greeks began to settle in the devastated area. Historians believe that it was during that period that the name used until now was fixed behind the city.

Yalta is Russia or Ukraine? Back in 1783 Crimea became part of the Russian Empire. This happened as a result of the process of mass resettlement of Crimean Christians in the Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov in 1778 and the emigration of Crimean Tatars to Turkey. At that time, Yalta was a small deserted fishing village.

nineteenth century

The governor-general of the Novorossiysk lands - Count Vorontsov - in 1823 provided two hundred acres of Yalta land on the condition of breeding vineyards, orchards and construction. Newly wealthy owners, thanks to the hard work of their serfs, erected luxurious villas, palaces, mansions on this territory, laid huge industrial gardens and vineyards. In addition, magnificent parks appeared at that time, which to this day delight the eyes of local residents and tourists: Gurzufsky, Massandrovsky, Alupkinsky, Livadia and others.

The city of Yalta gradually grew. The map of the area allowed Vorontsov to understand that this inconspicuous settlement, thanks to its unique relief and convenient bay, could become an important city for Russia.

Important transformations

The year 1838 was marked by the formation of the Yalta district. The once deserted village has acquired the status of a city. A year earlier, Count Vorontsov ordered the construction of a gravel road that connected Yalta with Simferopol and Alushta. In 1848 the city got a direct road connection with Sevastopol.

Destruction and restoration

During the war of 1853-1856. the whole of Crimea was seriously affected. Yalta (a map of the city of that time helps to understand the nature and scale of the destruction) was no exception. Over time, the city was restored, moreover, they began to talk about it as an excellent resort. Dr. Dmitriev and Professor Botkin noted that the Yalta climate is healing. It was for this reason that Emperor Alexander III issued a decree on the construction of two palaces in the city - Livadia and Massandra.

Private construction also did not stand still. So, one of the richest people in Russia - Prince Yusupov - built a palace in Koreiz, Count Milyutin - in Simeiz, Naryshkin - in Miskhor.

In 1886, according to the instructions of Alexander III, the construction of a powerful stone pier, as well as a sewer system, began. Another important completed project of that period was the Yalta embankment. In 1898, the construction of the city water supply was completed.

As a result, by the end of the nineteenth century, many knew where Yalta was on the map, since the city was already known as a wonderful resort. The interest of those in power was also fueled by the fact that in the 1860s, Livadia, near Yalta, became the southern residence of the tsar's family.

The twentieth century

Yalta is Russia or Ukraine? Russia. And at the beginning of the last century, many representatives of the imperial nobility considered it their duty to have a palace or at least a dacha on the southern coast of Crimea.

By 1914, two gymnasiums and a commercial school, two clubs, four paid ones, libraries and the same number of cinemas had already been opened in the city.

The position of Yalta has changed significantly after two revolutions - February and October - died down. According to Lenin's decree, luxurious mansions and palaces were transferred to the use of the people. In addition, new health resorts were actively built. The Dolossy sanatorium was the first to open its doors. It happened in 1928.

And again the war ...

During the Great Patriotic War, German troops occupied the Crimea. Anti-Nazi activities were launched in Yalta. The invaders organized a Jewish ghetto in the city. 4,500 Yalta residents were driven there. All of them were later shot near Massandra. In the period from 1941 to 1944, Yalta was mercilessly bombarded by enemy aircraft. The city was liberated from the invaders in April 1944.

Yalta is Russia or Ukraine? From 1954 to 2014, the city was part of the Ukrainian lands, but now it is part of the Russian Federation.

recent history

At the dawn of the twenty-first century, the reconstruction of most of the Yalta coast began. As a result, the condition of the beaches has significantly improved, which today receive more than one thousand people a year, and Massandrovsky was even awarded " blue flag". In 2003, reconstruction work was completed on the city embankment. Since then, it has been not only a shopping street, but also a place of mass celebrations. In 2009, a memorial chapel was erected on the same embankment, which was later consecrated in the name of the Cathedrals of the New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia. It was built in honor of the memory of all those innocently killed during the hard times, during the years of the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars. It is noteworthy that the memorial is located not far from the wooden chapel of St. Alexander Nevsky, demolished in 1932, erected in memory of Alexander II, who died at the hands of terrorists.

March 18, 2014 Crimea (including Yalta) became part of the Russian Federation. This happened on the basis of a popular referendum held two days earlier, as well as an agreement between the authorities of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Crimea.

It is not for nothing that the inhabitants of Yalta proudly call their native city an open-air museum. Created for the relaxation of Russian nobles, this once tiny locality is currently a popular resort. Tourists from many countries are happy to soak up the local beaches under the gentle Yalta sun.

Or the South Coast - one of the most popular regions of the peninsula, moreover, it became famous back in the distant 19th century. Here, under a plane tree on the Yalta embankment, Sergei Yesenin met with Isadora Duncan. Anton Pavlovich Chekhov created and drew inspiration here. There were government sanatoriums and dachas in Soviet times. Today it is a region with a well-developed infrastructure, modern hotels and a variety of resorts: from noisy, attracting party youth, to quiet corners, ideal for family and even secluded recreation.

Sanatorium Ai-Petri. Miskhor

Resorts

The southern coast of Crimea, or the South Coast, includes two large resort regions - Big Yalta and Big Alushta, stretching along the coast from Foros to zander. There are really a lot of cities and towns where you can relax here - for every taste, especially the southern coast is popular in the velvet season. And, of course, you need to start a conversation with Yalta.

- a carefree beauty, is considered the pearl of not only the southern, but the whole Black Sea coast Crimea. What is the embankment alone worth, which has heard so many confessions, seen kisses and, of course, witnessed stormy resort romances. Including quite famous people, starting with Sergei Yesenin and ending with modern media faces. Yalta is often called the city of eternal holiday. The reason for this is not only a well-developed entertainment infrastructure, but also numerous festivals: author's song, theatrical (performances based on the works of A.P. Chekhov are shown), break dance, flamenco and many others. In 2016, there was even a beer festival, in the manner of the German Oktoberfest.

Coast of Yalta

Alushta, the second most popular resort of the South Coast (southern coast of Crimea), cannot boast of such a large number of entertainments as Yalta. But it is here that the cleanest beaches of the region are located, pebble and sand-and-pebble, as well as a huge number of quiet and cozy resorts where you can not only relax, but also improve your health.

Gurzuf, a colorful city with rich history, more like European than Crimean resort. Narrow streets and numerous ladders, a beautiful promenade that stretches along the entire city and numerous outdoor cafes right next to the sea. All this sets up a romantic mood. Gurzuf is just an ideal place for lovers and newlyweds.

Livadia - Another unusual and beautiful resort. In the 19th century, its territory completely belonged to the royal family. Today, a luxurious palace is reminiscent of the affairs of bygone days, and not far from it you can rent a small cottage and have a great rest with the whole family.

Massandra known primarily for its winery. But the fact that in the vicinity of the resort there are three natural reserve, few people even guess. As well as the fact that one of the procedures that is actively used in local sanatoriums is wine therapy. An excellent addition to an unusual, very attractive procedure for many will be the purest pebble beaches and modern hotels of the European level.

Miskhor attracts primarily with its unique climate - it is believed that the local air can cure many diseases. Since the 19th century, representatives of the creative intelligentsia have loved and love to relax here: Maxim Gorkoy, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Fyodor Chaliapin and many others. True, it is difficult to call this resort quiet - after all, it is here that the cable car begins, along which you can climb to the top of Ai-Petri. So there are always a lot of guests in Miskhor.

Simeiz- a village with a rich history, which begins in the time of the Taurians. Today it is quiet and calm, one might say an elite resort, where there are many small guest houses and mini-hotels that are just perfect for a family vacation.

South Coast of Crimea, Foros

Of course, these are far from all the resorts of the Southern Coast of Crimea (South Coast). There are also numerous, colorful and very cozy villages:

Kanaka, Kastropol (Coastal), New World, Katsiveli, resort, Ponizovka, Azure, Laspi bay, Aivazovskoye, Partenit, Malorechenskoye, Solnechnogorskoye, Fishing, Marine, Veseloe, Solnechnaya Dolina other. For the most part, these are quiet corners where you can take a break from the annoying urban fuss.

South Coast Attractions

South Coast is famous not only for its beautiful clean beaches but also a lot of attractions. Which, in general, is not surprising, because in the 19th century, representatives of the elite strata of society and members of the royal family rested here. In memory of the affairs of bygone days, many palaces have been preserved. The most popular and beautiful of them: Livadia Palace , personifying the whole era of Nicholas II, and Vorontsov Palace.

On the southern coast of Crimea there are many "visiting" sights of the peninsula. One of them is the famous one, located on the top of the cliff. Looking at it, it is hard to even imagine that it appeared not in distant medieval times, in the era of valiant knights, but in the 19th century and was the estate of one of the famous military leaders of that time.

Legendary Nikitsky Botanical Garden also located on the southern coast of Crimea, in Yalta. At any time of the year, you can enjoy the riot of colors and greenery here, as well as learn a lot of interesting things about the vegetation of the peninsula.

And, of course, speaking of Crimea, it is impossible not to mention Mount Ai - Petri . She is also in this region. Its peak is considered the best observation deck of the peninsula, and the ascent by cable car is a real adventure. The local beauties will surely make even the most experienced travelers dizzy.

Traditionally South coast Crimea attracted creative people. This is where they looked for inspiration. There are museums in Gurzuf, the expositions of which are dedicated to the life and work of A.S. Pushkin and A.P. Chekhov, as well as the legendary rock of Chaliapin. In the Yalta Museum, you can continue to get acquainted with Anton Pavlovich and his works.

There are on the southern coast of Crimea (South Coast) and unusual sights that often remain outside tourist routes. So, for example, in the village of Malorechenskoye near Alushta there is a unique temple-lighthouse of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, dedicated to those whose lives were forever taken by the sea. It is not surprising that the maritime theme was used in the painting of its walls.

Of course, these are not all attractions. south coast Crimean peninsula. Curious tourists can endlessly discover and architectural masterpieces, and interesting museum expositions, and even wander through the ancient ruins.

hotels of the southern coast of Crimea. The 4-storey hotel building is surrounded by a garden with fountains and cozy gazebos

Entertainment

Almost every well-maintained beach offers tourists a standard set of entertainment - bananas, cheesecakes, parachutes, jet skis. In addition, in many places there are cafes where you can have a bite to eat without going far from the water.

In terms of nightlife, Yalta stands out from all the resorts - here, with the sunset, life begins to play with new, bright colors. Local clubs and bars will surely win the hearts of party-goers and those who came to rest not at all in order to sleep.

The southern coast of Crimea boasts several water parks - Atlantis(new modern thematic complex) in Yalta, Almond Grove in Alushta and blue bay operating exclusively on sea water, in Simeiz. It's simple ideal places for fun for the whole family.

Wave pool in Crimea - Almond Grove

Treatment

The air of the southern coast of Crimea, or the South Coast is unique. It is believed that the same is only here and on Cote d'Azur France. It is not surprising that both there and there are a large number of sanatoriums, the beginning of which was laid back in the 19th century.

In addition to standard programs designed to treat people with a variety of diseases, rehabilitation courses are also offered in Crimea, including those for children with cerebral palsy. In the latter, dolphin therapy is actively used.

Climate

The climate of the South Coast is subtropical Mediterranean, approximately comparable to the climate of southern France and northern Italy.

Average temperature in summer from 24 to 28 degrees. The heat is easily tolerated due to the dry climate.

in winter the average temperature is +4 degrees, sometimes in winter days the temperature reaches 20 degrees.

autumn the average temperature is about 14 degrees.

spring it also averages 14 degrees.

bathing season here it lasts from June to the end of September, because at this time the water warms up optimally.

In conclusion, I would like to note that the Southern coast of Crimea is really beautiful. Here everyone, regardless of what type of vacation he prefers, will be able to find a corner to his liking. Many return to their favorite places again and again, because the local beauty will forever captivate the heart and soul.

Video

Simeiz village from above

South Coast Map

Southern coast of Crimea on the map 483

Yalta, a city in the Crimea, is called the resort capital of the peninsula or the "Russian Riviera". Its length has reached 72 kilometers, and the territory of 900 hectares is only half built up. The other half is occupied by parks and squares planted with exotic plants. The composition of Yalta, a city in the Crimea, includes Alupka and seven small southern coastal resort villages.

The lands of the present Yalta in the Crimea were inhabited by people in ancient times, in the Neolithic era, but the rapid settlement of the territory began in the 8th-6th centuries BC. The first written mention of Yalta, Jalit, as it was then called, is found in the notes of an Arab traveler who lived in the 12th century.

Many wanted to become the owner of the city: the soldiers of the Golden Horde and the Venetians, the Genoese and the Ottomans, but by the time Russia conquered the Crimea, Yalta was a tiny fishing village, where there were only 13 houses, a mosque and a church.

The rapid development of Yalta began with the actions of Count Vorontsov, who was then Governor-General of the Novorossiysk Territory, which included Crimea. Wineries were created in Alupka and Massandra, a port and a pier, roads to Simferopol and Sevastopol, a church were built, and gardens and vineyards, parks and luxurious palaces royal nobles. And in 1838, Nicholas the First gave Yalta the title of a city, and a few years later, young, but such ancient city received its coat of arms in Crimea.

Assessing the local climate, the royal family acquired land in Livadia for the construction of the palace, and from the middle of the 19th century, Yalta in the Crimea began to develop as a fashionable resort. A railway was built that connected the peninsula with both capitals, and after the royal nobles, all the rich people of Russia rushed here. Luxurious hotels, dachas, restaurants and hospitals appeared.

It was as a resort in the Crimea that Yalta and the Soviet government began to use it. After the Second World War, many health resorts, sanatoriums and hotels were built here, and now Yalta is a huge resort infrastructure of Crimea with a wonderful healing climate and warm sea.

Climate and nature

The climate of this part of Crimea, in the city of Yalta, is unique. The sea, on the coast of which Yalta is located, softens the heat in summer, and serves as a kind of earth heater in winter. And therefore, the winter in Yalta in the Crimea is very mild and warm, and the summer, although hot, is not hot. Spring in Yalta in Crimea is long, because the sea heats up very slowly, but autumn is always warm, because the sea cools down very slowly. It was here, in the Crimea, in the city of Yalta, that the name “velvet season” was born, when the ladies of high society, due to their origin, wore velvet dresses in early autumn.

From the north of the steppe cold winds, Yalta in Crimea is covered by mountains, and breezes blow from the sea, saving from the heat, and the amazing climate of Yalta in Crimea was formed. And thanks to the ubiquitous growing coniferous trees, the sea breeze mixes with coniferous phytoncides, complementing the mild climate. Winter in Yalta, in the Crimea, is very short and mild, snow falls once every 5-6 years and lasts only a few days. This climate has made Yalta in Crimea one of the world's best climatic resorts, where rest is possible at any time of the year.

Sights of Yalta

Big Yalta in the Crimea still fascinates its guests: it, like in a box, stores mansions and palaces of the century before last, and the coniferous aroma wafts over the parks:

• Livadia Palace is the summer residence of Nicholas II. The landscape park, descending to the sea in terraces, has also been preserved.
• The Swallow's Nest is the palace of Baron Stegel, stylized as a knight's castle.
• Dulber Palace - a Moorish-style palace, belonged to the brother of the Russian emperor.
• The Gaspra Palace is the property of the Golitsyn princes, later - Countess Panina.
• Massandra Palace - built for Count Vorontsov, but belonged to Alexander the Third.
• Vorontsov Palace - the residence of Count Vorontsov.
• Cathedral of Alexander Nevsky main temple Yalta in the Crimea, built in the Moscow style.
• Baths Roffe, former hotel "France". This institution in Yalta, in the Crimea, was visited by Chekhov and Chaliapin.
• House-Museum of A.P. Chekhov in Yalta, in the Crimea. The famous "Three Sisters" and "The Lady with the Dog" were written here.