Khurba 2 military unit. Runways of the airport Khurba Komsomolsk-on-Amur

A few words about the military town in which I lived.
I saw more than one garrison in my life, but this one stood out because it was very small - about 7 Khrushchevs in the middle of the forest - but very beautiful compared to others. And the heads of the garrison were very good at aesthetics of appearance.
Directly from the entrance, the road went between two houses to a small square, where a chic plane towered on a pedestal.

The house on the right is mine.
Ahhh... I even remember the layout of the rooms in our apartment...
Along the perimeter of the square there were benches and round lanterns, and when we lived there, two fountains were built in the middle. At that time, this was not the case anywhere.

In winter, from the back of the aircraft pedestal, the guys and I rode like a hill. Because it was marble and glided well. Ice slides were not nearby. In place of the fountains, large snow figures were built, a Christmas tree was put up. The perimeter was decorated with flags and garlands. There was a skating rink nearby.

On fine spring and autumn evenings, all the shops were occupied by mothers with children. Not a single car dared to pass through this square. And the children could run for their own pleasure, ride bicycles without danger to health, allowing their mothers to sit quietly without a headache.
Nearby, on the basketball and volleyball court, high school students or officers were chasing the ball if the day was a day off.
And when dusk descended and the lanterns illuminated the plane soaring upwards with a soft light, the square turned into a place for a youth party.
Of course, no one arranged dances for us. But we didn't need to. High school students with guitars arranged whole concerts, smart high school girls danced around them, the vibes of first love hovered in the air, and we, snots, looked at them with interest and slight envy, dreaming of growing up soon so that these princes would pay attention to us.
I loved these evenings, when the inhabitants of a small military town seemed to become one family. It must have been so to some extent.

Festive formations on the 23rd, on Aviation Day and other holidays, were also held on this square.


For children, these were days of special pride in their fathers.
While the officers were hanging out waiting for the command, we tried to approach and somehow indicate our belonging to our dads, so that everyone would see it. Although there were no heroes among them.

I'll tell you, the moment is very important - pride in the father. I'm only now realizing how important it is.
I was doubly torn apart then. After all, the command "equal-humbly!" for the entire regiment, it was my dad who served.

(pictured is my dad on the right)

By the way, about the heroes. I probably shouldn't have said that there were no heroes among them. Flying at that time was already a hero in itself. I heard the word "crashed" terrifyingly often and from an early age. I remember my mother's nervous state when he left for flights. How she measured the corners in the apartment and looked out the window if she heard the rumble of a flying plane. As if if she looked out, nothing would happen.
If the flights were at night, probably did not sleep at night. Especially if the day before they were arguing ..
In the mid-80s, this became a little better, the equipment was still updated. But mom never got rid of the anxiety.

In 1932, Komsomolsk-on-Amur was founded on the banks of the Amur among the Far Eastern taiga. Within 10 years, the city became an important industrial and defense center. During the Great Patriotic War, steel smelting was carried out at its enterprises, combat aircraft and ships were built.

AT war time to provide air defense of the city, 18 km southeast of Komsomolsk-on-Amur, the construction of a runway began.

Initially, an unpaved runway 800 meters long and caponiers were built. The personnel were housed in dugouts and barrack-type buildings with stove heating. In the post-war period, the construction of a 2500 m long concrete runway, capital structures, residential and technical buildings, and shelters for aircraft was carried out.

The airfield, the nearby village and the military town of Khurba-2 got its name from the small rivers Malaya Khurba and Bolshaya Khurba flowing nearby.

Currently, the Khurba airfield is one of two large airfields in the vicinity of Komsomolsk-on-Amur. The second airfield, where there is a runway capable of receiving all types of aircraft, is the Dzyomgi factory airfield on the northeastern outskirts of the city. The 23rd IAP is also based on Dzemgah, which is armed with Su-27SM, Su-30 and Su-35 fighters.

satellite image Google Earth: Khurba airfield

For various reasons, the placement of fighters providing cover for Komsomolsk-on-Amur took place in Khurba already in the post-war period. From 1948 to 1962, the 311th Air Defense Fighter Aviation Regiment was based here (until June 28, 1946, the 48th IAP).

Monument to the MiG-17 in the military town of Khurba-2

The regiment was armed with fighters: I-15bis, I-16, I-153, Yak-9, MiG-15, MiG-17, Su-9. Combat aircraft and pilots of the regiment took part in the battles on Lake Khasan, Khalkhin Gol and the Soviet-Japanese War.

In 1969, the 277th bomber Mlavsky Red Banner Aviation Regiment was relocated to Khurba from the GDR.

The regiment, consisting of two squadrons on SB-2 aircraft, was formed in April 1941 in Krasnodar Territory. On September 13, 1941, he received the name of the 277th short-range bomber aviation regiment. This date is recorded in the annals of the regiment as the day the unit was formed.

The regiment became part of the Air Force of the 56th Army of the Southern Front and from October 1941 participated in the defense of Taganrog, bombing the advancing tanks and motorized infantry of the Nazi invaders. After this operation, in June 1942, the regiment, which suffered serious losses in personnel and equipment, was assigned to be reorganized in Kirovabad, where the regiment's personnel underwent retraining on A-20 Boston aircraft received from the USA under Lend-Lease.

The bomber regiment fought in the Caucasus and the Crimea, after which it joined the 16th Army Air Corps of the 1st Belorussian Front, where it participated in the Bobruisk and Lublin operations to defeat and destroy large enemy groups. For the high performance of combat activity, courage and heroism shown by the personnel, by order of the Commander-in-Chief of February 19, 1945, the regiment was given the honorary name "Mlavsky". After the end of the war, the regiment's aircraft were based at the airfields of Poland and the GDR.
The successes achieved by the personnel of the regiment in the postwar years were repeatedly noted by the command.

At the time of relocation to the Far Eastern airfield Khurba, the 277th bap was armed with Il-28 bombers, including the Il-28Sh assault modification. The difference between the assault modification and conventional bombers was the presence of additional pylons under the planes for the suspension of various weapons. The assault version of the Il-28 was intended for operations from low altitudes against accumulations of enemy manpower and equipment, as well as against single small targets such as rocket launchers and tanks. Under the wings of the aircraft, up to 12 pylons were installed, on which they could be suspended: NAR blocks, suspended cannon gondolas, cluster or conventional bombs.

The idea of ​​creating the Il-28Sh appeared in the late 60s after the Soviet-Chinese armed conflict on Damansky Island in 1967. Bombers undergoing repairs at aircraft repair enterprises were converted to this option.

In 1975, the regiment's pilots were among the first in the Air Force to begin retraining for the new Su-24 front-line bombers. In parallel, continuing the operation of the proven Il-28.

The first five Su-24s entered the 277th BAP from the Baltic airfield Chernyakhovsk (63-BAP), where they underwent military tests. These were the cars of the very first series - 3, 4 and 5.

As the new technology was mastered, the Il-28s were transferred to the aircraft storage base (reserve base) created in Khurba, where later, in addition to bombers, there were also Su-17 fighter-bombers and Su-15 interceptors.

Simultaneously with the arrival of the Su-24, the construction of reinforced concrete shelters for them was carried out, as well as the expansion and improvement of the military camp of Khurba-2.

The construction of a civilian airport in Khurba began in 1964, when, by decision of the country's main air defense headquarters, a site was allocated at a military airfield with the transfer of part of the buildings and structures that previously belonged to the military.

Prior to this, the unpaved runway of the airport in the city of Komsomolsk-on-Amur was located in the village of Pobeda. Regular flights An-2, Li-2, Il-12, Il-14 were made from it. After the appearance of turbojet and turboprop airliners in the Aeroflot fleet old airport could no longer take them. Subsequently, this unpaved runway was transferred to the flying club. Until recently, piston Yak-52s and motorized hang gliders flew from it.

After the separation of the civilian sector in Khurba, the construction of a modern airport with a runway to receive all the aircraft existing at that time began. civil aviation.

In 1971, a runway was built to receive Il-18 aircraft, and in 1976 the construction of the first stage of the airport was completed. Flights on An-24 turboprop aircraft opened regular air links with the cities of Khabarovsk, Vladivostok, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Blagoveshchensk, Nikolaevsk.

A new milestone at the airport was 1977, when the first passenger flight was made on the Il-18 to Moscow, with an intermediate landing in the city of Novosibirsk. By the beginning of the 1980s, the airport had acquired its current finished shape.

In order to develop local traffic in 1983, the Komsomolsk United Aviation Squadron was created at Komsomolsk Airport, which has Czechoslovak-made L-410 aircraft popular in the USSR. On which regular flights were carried out on local air lines to Khabarovsk, Vladivostok, Nikolaevsk, Blagoveshchensk, Roschino, Chegdomyn, Polina Osipenko, Ayan, Chumikan.

In 1986, the Tu-154 replaced the well-deserved Il-18 turboprops on regular flights from Komsomolsk-on-Amur to Khabarovsk, Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, and Moscow. The largest number passengers were transported in 1991. Then 220 thousand passengers used the services of the airport, in addition, 288 tons of mail and 800 tons of cargo were delivered. During the day, the airport served 22 scheduled flights.

Postcard with the image of the airport terminal

Only in the direction of Khabarovsk from Komsomolsk, eight flights were made daily at a completely acceptable ticket price. Usually, the flight time to Khabarovsk was 40-45 minutes, which was very convenient for passengers who did not want to spend time on an eight-hour train ride. Nowadays, one can only dream of such a thing.

collapse Soviet Union and economic troubles affected the Far East region very sharply. The outflow of the population to the western regions and a sharp decline in solvency, an abrupt increase in jet fuel prices have made most of the air routes economically unprofitable for carriers.

In the 90s, the state of the airport reflected the general decline in which the city of Komsomolsk-on-Amur has been located since the beginning of the “market reforms”. Passenger traffic decreased several times, regular air service was available only in summer period, and in winter time The airport was operating at a low volume.

However, life at the airport did not stop. In the 1990s-2000s, Krasnoyarsk Airlines flew Tu-154 aircraft with an intermediate stop in Krasnoyarsk to Moscow (once a week).

In the summer of 2009, after a long break, direct flights to Moscow began again. The flights were carried out by Vladivostok Air on a Tu-204 airliner.

In 2010, in the midst of the "Serdyukovshchina", the leadership of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation attempted to "squeeze out" civilian carriers from the territory of the Khurba airfield. All this was motivated by "the need to eliminate violations of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of land use by the civil aviation sector on the territory of the airfield."

Fortunately, then the air carriers, with the help of the regional authorities, managed to defend their positions and the decision that infringes on the interests of the Far East, interested in regular air communication with remote territories, was not implemented.

In 2011, Vladivostok Air was bought by Aeroflot and Komsomolsk-on-Amur was again left without a direct air connection with Moscow, since Aeroflot's management considered this direction unprofitable.

In 2012, Yakutia Airlines began operating regular flights to the capital on Boeing-757.

Boeing 757-200 of Yakutia Airlines at Khurba airfield

Since 2014, VIM-Avia began flying to Komsomolsk on Boeing -757, and since May 2015, Transaero Airlines resumed Komsomolsk-on-Amur - Moscow flights on Tu-214 aircraft.

Tu-214 airline "Transaero" at the Khurba airfield

Compared to the last decade, the business and economic condition of the Komsomolsk airport has improved somewhat. However, the lack of investment over the past two decades in the shrouded infrastructure requires immediate repair and modernization of a significant part of it.

The years of "reforms" and the economic difficulties of the 90s had a negative impact on the level of combat training and the technical condition of combat aircraft of the 277th bomber aviation Mlavsky Red Banner Regiment. Due to the lack of jet fuel and the shortage of spare parts, the number of flights was sharply reduced. The infrastructure of the airfield and the military camp began to decline.

In the mid-90s, the anti-aircraft missile division of the S-125 air defense system and the aircraft storage base, which covered Khurba, were liquidated. The aircraft available at the base: Il-28, Su-15 and Su-17 were cut into metal.

However, in the midst of the "market reforms", in 1997, the pilots of the 277th bap began retraining for the upgraded Su-24M. Taking into account the fact that the production of aircraft of this type had been discontinued by that time, these were not new aircraft from other aviation units undergoing "optimization".

In the spring of 1998, there was a case when the old dirt strip, built back in the war years, came in handy.

On the Su-24M (b / n 04 white), during the landing approach due to a failure of the hydraulic system, the main landing gear was not extended. The crew made passes over the runway, trying to release the main landing gear by overloading. When this failed, it was decided to land on the ground. The navigator dropped his canopy over the nearest homing beacon, and the emergency landing was successful.

A snapshot from the site of an emergency landing on the ground of the Su-24M

committed emergency landing the Su-24M arrived on the ground from Ozernaya Pad, after landing on the ground it was restored and subsequently transferred to Dzhida, where it continued to fly.

In 1998, the regiment successfully mastered the Su-24M and began to take part in all major aviation exercises held in the Far East.
The regiment's bombers repeatedly participated in the elimination of ice jams during the spring flood in Yakutia, where they carried out point bombing of FAB-250 aerial bombs in the narrowness of rivers to prevent flooding settlements and destruction of hydraulic structures and bridges.

After mastering the upgraded Su-24M, based on the results of combat training for 1998-1999. the regiment was recognized as the best in the Far Eastern 11th Army of the Air Force and Air Defense. From 2000 to 2007, the regiment took the 1st place among the bomber regiments of the 11th Air Force and Air Defense Army. For their courage, heroism and success in mastering new technology, a number of officers of the regiment were awarded orders and medals.

In June 2007, the regiment took part in the Wing-2007 exercises. At the same time, in practice, the withdrawal of the air regiment from under attack was worked out. In less than 13 minutes, 20 Su-24M aircraft took off from the Khurba airfield. An imitation of a landing on a section of the Khabarovsk-Komsomolsk-on-Amur highway prepared for this was also carried out. During the exercises, a Su-24M flight passed over a section of the highway prepared for the runway at a minimum height.

Unfortunately, this period was not without accidents. So, on August 23, 2007, during a training flight on the Su-24M (tail number "63 white"), a emergency situation- fire in the cabin compartment. The crew ejected safely. Six months later, on February 15, 2008, an engine failure occurred on another Su-24M in flight, the pilots acted competently and performed a safe landing on one working engine.

After the beginning of the "Serdyukovshchina" and the transition of the armed forces to a "new look", another round of reorganizations and renaming began. At the end of 2009, the 6988th Mlavskaya air base of the 1st category was created at the Khurba airfield. At the same time, it was decided to liquidate the 302nd bap in the village of Pereyaslovka near Khabarovsk, with the transfer of equipment and weapons to Khurba. Able to take to the air, front-line bombers flew from Pereyaslovka to Komsomolsk. Part of the ground equipment and weapons was delivered by military transport aircraft. The rest, including air bombs, was transported by road along the Khabarovsk-Komsomolsk-on-Amur highway. Around the same time, part of the equipment from the 523rd apib stationed at the Vozdvizhenka airfield was transferred to Khurba.

When there were massive reductions, mergers and renaming, in Khurba, which became the home of the 277th bap, combat aircraft of other aviation units were based, which were driven from their airfields.

For some time, along with front-line bombers, there were MiG-29 fighters of the 404th IAP, previously based at the Orlovka airfield in the Amur Region, and Su-27 fighters of the 216th IAP from the Kalinovka airfield near Khabarovsk.

Satellite image of Google Earth: Su-24M and MiG-29 at the parking lot of the Khurba airfield

Since 2010, overhauled and modernized Su-24M2 Gusar aircraft with more advanced avionics began to enter service.

However, on the territory of the airfield there are even rare samples of aircraft in our time. For example, the Yak-28P, installed as a monument near the checkpoint.

Yak-28P on the territory of a military unit in Khurba

The history of the appearance of the Yak-28P interceptor in Khurba is mysterious. Apparently, he arrived at the airfield "under his own power", but aircraft of this type were not in service with the aviation units based here. According to the assurances of the old-timers, there have never been such aircraft at the airfield. Most likely, this copy was sent from one of the air defense units to the currently disbanded storage base (BRS, military unit 22659). Unlike other combat aircraft "stored" there, he happily escaped the fate of cutting into metal.

As of 2011, on the basis of the Khurba airfield, the 6983rd Vitebsk Guards Aviation twice Red Banner, Orders of Suvorov and the Legion of Honor base "Normandy-Neman" 1st category was formed.

Currently, the bomber regiment, based in Khurba, has the same designation - the 227th bap (military unit 77983), but without the honorary name "Mlavsky".

In general, the Khurba airfield, being one of the largest in the Far East, fully corresponds to the status of an air base of the 1st category. However, the runway, a number of structures and infrastructure facilities are in need of repair and reconstruction for a long time.

Cleaning pebbles from the runway

Back in 2014, a tender was announced for the reconstruction of the airfield. The plans provide for the reconstruction of the storage of aviation weapons, the building of the charging and accumulator station, the boiler house, guard and service buildings, as well as the construction of more than 30 new facilities. So far, everything depends on funding, and there have been no special moves in this direction.

Not so long ago, the anti-aircraft cover of the airfield, which it was deprived of in the 90s, was restored. On the opposite bank of the Amur, in the vicinity of the national Nanai village of Verkhnyaya Ekon, about 11 km from Khurba, an anti-aircraft missile division of the S-300PS air defense system is deployed.

Satellite image of Google Earth: S-300PS positions in the vicinity of the village of Verkhnyaya Ekon

In addition to the Khurba airfield, the anti-aircraft missile division, located very well on the top of one of the hills, covers the Dzyomgi airfield and the city of Komsomolsk-on-Amur from the southeast.

In the entire vast Far Eastern region, only at the Khurba airfield, an aviation unit remained, armed with Su-24M and M2 front-line bombers.

Flights on Su-24 front-line bombers have always been a difficult task. This is a rather difficult machine to operate and pilot, making high demands on the level of ground handling and pilot skills.

This summer, the pilots of the 227th bap confirmed their high qualifications. At the competition of professional skills of the military
pilots "Aviadarts-2015" the crew from Khurba on the Su-24M2 won the 3rd prize.

However, Su-24 aircraft of all modifications have the dubious reputation of the most emergency combat aircraft in the Russian Air Force. Since 2000, two dozen Su-24s have been lost in various incidents, including the upgraded Su-24M and M2. Sadly, but the 227th bap, based near Komsomolsk, was no exception either.

In March 2013, due to pilot error, the Su-24M2 was seriously damaged, which crashed into the APA-5D airfield mobile unit while taxiing.

Quite recently, a tragedy happened in Khurba: on July 6, 2015, a Su-24M2 crashed while taking off from the Khurba airfield, both pilots died. After the aircraft took off from the runway, the propulsion system failed, the aircraft abruptly fell into a left bank and collided with the ground. Front-line bomber crashed near the runway. Due to the fact that he was heading for training bombing at the Litovko training ground, there was a bomb load on board.

Prior to this, the Su-24 pilots flying from this airfield always managed to eject in case of emergencies.

After the crash, for the duration of the investigation of its causes by a specially created commission, the flights of all Su-24s were suspended, and the Khurba airfield was closed for flights.

At present, the flights of front-line bombers of the Russian Air Force have resumed. Nevertheless, the issue of flight safety and the extremely high accident rate of the Su-24 continues to be acute. The leadership of the Ministry of Defense has repeatedly stated that by 2020 all bomber regiments operating aircraft of the Su-24 family will switch to the Su-34. However, in the current difficult economic conditions, it is extremely doubtful that in the foreseeable future it will be possible to replace all old bombers with new strike machines in a 1: 1 ratio.

References to the fact that the Su-34 is more effective than the Su-24M2 are untenable. In terms of their impact capabilities, both cars are very close. Moreover, the Su-24M2 is much better in flight at extremely low altitude during an air defense breakthrough. At the same time, the Su-34 is a much stronger machine in defensive air combat, and it is better protected by armor protection.

Apparently, the upgraded Su-24M and M2 will continue to be used after 2020, since their immediate abandonment will lead to a sharp weakening of the already modest strike capabilities of our Air Force.

And this means that these swift and very elegant machines will continue to fly from the Khurba airfield. And God forbid that the number of landings is always equal to the number of takeoffs.

According to materials:
http://aviaforum.ru
http://forums.airbase.ru
http://vertoletciki.ru

Khurba Komsomolsk-on-Amur Airport is a regional air transport hub located 17 kilometers from the center of Komsomolsk-on-Amur. The airport is a joint-based air hub, because in addition to civil aircraft the Air Force of the Russian Federation is also located here.

Short story

Airport "Komsomolsk-on-Amur Khurba" was originally created as a military airfield during the Second World War. First runway had a length of 810 meters. This was enough to land small military aircraft.

In the post-war period, the following types of aircraft were stationed at the airfield:

From the autumn of 1948 to 1962, there was a regiment of fighters with MiG-15, Su-9, Mi-17 and MiG-15 aircraft. The regiment was disbanded in the summer of 1962.

From 1991 to 1998, a regiment of Su-27 fighters was based at the airfield.

Also, from the autumn of 1970 to 2009, bombers of the Su-24 type were based at the airport.

All military units were reorganized into air base 6988. Due to military operation, the airfield was built according to all the requirements of the Ministry of Defense. Therefore, parking lots for aircraft are dispersed in a certain order. There are also reinforced concrete shelters for aircraft. For the reserve, an unpaved runway is equipped parallel to the concrete runway. Despite the long military use, there is a passenger platform and terminal building.

During Soviet times, Komsomolsk-on-Amur Khurba Airport operated many flights, which were mainly directed to Far East. After the collapse of the USSR by 2000, the airport was practically closed to passenger airliners. Sometimes there were flights to the capital of the country on Tu-154 aircraft of Krasnoyarsk Airlines.

The resumption of passenger flights from the airport began only in 2009. The main carrier was Vladivostok Air on Tu-204 aircraft.

In 2012, the management of the airport "Komsomolsk-on-Amur Khurba" managed to conclude an agreement with the airline "Yakutia" for the implementation regular transportation to Moscow. The flights were carried out twice a week on Boeing 757 aircraft until 2013.

At the end of 2015, the situation with transportation at the Khurba airport improved slightly. Despite the small passenger turnover, the airport still makes a profit.

Runways of the airport Khurba Komsomolsk-on-Amur

Khurba Airport has only one runway, the length of which is 2500 meters and the width is 42 meters. A concrete coating is used as a runway coating, which in turn allows you to receive all types of helicopters, as well as aircraft such as An-26, An-28, An-140 , Tu-214, Il-76, Airbus A320, Boeing 757 and other, lighter air means.

Infrastructure of the airport Khurba Komsomolsk-on-Amur

Due to the fact that today Khurba Komsomolsk-on-Amur Airport is not very popular with Russian air carriers, there is practically no infrastructure at the airport.

However, on the territory of the airport Khurba Komsomolsk-on-Amur are located:

Superior room;

Nearest places of temporary residence and hotel complexes located 15 kilometers from the airport:

City Hotel;

Hotel "Cosmos";

Hotel "Trucker";

Hotel "Sunrise".

You can get to Khurba Komsomolsk-on-Amur Airport only either on your own road transport or by taking a taxi.

Route network of Khurba airport Komsomolsk-on-Amur

As of mid-2014, Khurba Komsomolsk-on-Amur Airport operates flights exclusively in the direction of Moscow, the services of which are provided by the Russian air carrier " VIM-Avia ».

Airport Khurba Komsomolsk-on-Amur official site: no official site.

Basic data:

Serves regional flights to the city of Komsomolsk-on-Amur in the Far East.

Airport coordinates: latitude 50.41, longitude 136.93.

GMT time zone (winter/summer): +11/+11.

Airport location country: Russia.

Number of airport terminals: 1.

IATA airport code: KXK.

ICAO airport code: UHKK.

Internal code: KSL.

Airport Khurba Komsomolsk-on-Amur on the map:

Contact details:

Airport email address: [email protected].

Airport Fax: +74217568703.

Airport management phone: +74217568507.

Airport inquiry phone: +74217568500.

Airport postal address: airport, Khurba-2 village, Komsomolsky district, Khabarovsk region, Russia, 681062.

Airport Khurba Komsomolsk-on-Amur timetable: