Rome (Italy) - the most detailed information about the city with photos and videos. The best attractions in Rome with descriptions, guides and maps.

City of Rome (Italy)

Rome is the capital of Italy and the Lazio region, one of the most beautiful and most interesting cities world, which is often called "Eternal". Located on the legendary seven hills on the Tiber River, about 25 km from the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea. Rome is the cradle of a great civilization and the center of one of the greatest empires in human history. This is a city that has absorbed millennia of history, experienced an amazing rise and a resounding fall. Rome is an amazing concentration of antiquities and great ancient buildings, sacred monuments and charming streets, with smooth cobbled stones, polished by millions of feet. This city is impossible to cover in a short period of time, and it would take a whole book to list all its sights.

The historic center of Rome is included in the list of objects world heritage UNESCO. Here you can touch the period of Antiquity and see the buildings that saw the heyday of a mighty empire: the famous Forum, the legendary Colosseum, the ancient Pantheon and many other grandiose ruins. Rome is also home to cozy street cafes and trattorias, famous squares and fountains, palaces and gardens. In addition, the Vatican is located here - a dwarf state and the center of the Catholic faith with magnificent museums and a huge Cathedral of St. Peter, which is a masterpiece of sacred architecture.

Rome has many epithets. The most famous - " the eternal City and "city on seven hills". Eternal Rome began to be called in Antiquity. The city carried this epithet through the millennia, despite the fall of the mighty Roman Empire. "City on seven hills" Rome is called because historically it is located on seven hills: Palatine, Capitol, Quirinal, Caelius, Aventine, Esquiline and Viminal. Palatine Hill was the first to be settled, then the Capitol and the Quirinal.

Founding of Rome

According to a well-known legend, the foundation of Rome is associated with the brothers Romulus and Remus. They grew up on the banks of the Tiber at the foot of the Palatine, fed by a she-wolf. It was they who founded the settlement here. Then a quarrel arose between the brothers. Romulus killed Remus, becoming the first king of Rome. He also founded a fortified settlement on the Palatine Hill.

Geography and climate

Rome is located in central Italy between the Apennines and Tyrrhenian Sea. The historical center of the city is spread over seven hills.

The climate of Rome is subtropical Mediterranean. Spring is a relatively mild and rainy season. Usually cool until mid-April. It can get hot in May. Summer is hot and dry. Autumn is warm and humid, sunny days alternate with rains, which gradually become more frequent.

Rome in the snow - a very rare phenomenon

Winter, from December to February, is quite mild, considering that the average temperature in January is around 7.5 ° C. Frosts are possible at night. February is usually more like spring.

Practical information

1. Population - 2.9 million people (agglomeration 4.6 million). In terms of population, Rome is the 4th city in the EU.
2. The area is 1.3 thousand square kilometers.
3. The language is Italian.
4. Currency - euro.
5. Visa - Schengen.
6. Time - Central European UTC +1, summer +2.

Districts

• The modern center is Veneto, Republic and Barberini Square, the Trevi Fountain and the surroundings of the Quirinal. There are many restaurants and shops here.
• Old Town - Renaissance Square, Piazza Navona, Pantheon.
• The Colosseum is the oldest place in Rome, the Capitoline Hill, which houses the legendary amphitheater, the Forum, ancient ruins and many museums.
• The Vatican is the Catholic capital of the world: museums, the cathedral and St. Petra, castle of St. Angel.
• North Center - Spanish Steps and Villa Borghese.
• Trastevere is a charming area south of the Vatican, on the west bank of the Tiber, an area of ​​narrow cobbled streets and cozy squares that have served as a source of inspiration for creative people.

Administrative divisions of Rome

Rome is divided into 19 municipalities (municipi), 22 historical districts, 35 quarters, 6 suburbs and 53 zones.

Best time to visit

Rome can be visited almost all year round. The only thing is that it is very hot in the city in summer. Some establishments close at the end of July-August. Therefore, if you do not like the heat, it is better to come to Rome at another time.

Story

The history of Rome is rich and unique, so it would take an entire book to tell. Here we will limit ourselves to listing the main historical figures and events.

The rise of Rome began in antiquity, during the royal period. According to tradition, there are seven kings. Romulus was the first. At this time, the first temples appeared in Rome (the Temple of Vesta and the Temple of Janus), the famous Servian Wall was built.

Rome in Antiquity

After the Royal period, Rome became a Republic. Then began a significant expansion of the Roman state and the strengthening of its power: roads were laid, magnificent temples and palaces were built. Culture, crafts, architecture, art developed. The Roman Republic becomes very powerful, and Rome becomes the center of the Ecumene. The famous Forum became the central square, the ruins of which can now be seen. The growth of the state was accompanied by a change in Rome, which began to expand rapidly, new buildings and structures were erected.

Roman Forum - the center of ancient Rome

The imperial period of Rome is closely connected with the personality of Gaius Julius Caesar. Caesar erects a new Senate building, creates a new territory for public buildings on the Field of Mars. During this period, the power of the Roman Empire increases.

During the reign of Emperor Nero, the city suffered from a severe fire. Rome was rebuilt after him.

The fall of Rome coincided with the fall of the Roman Empire. In the 5th century, the city was sacked by the Visigoths and Vandals.

At the beginning and middle of the 6th century, in the war between Byzantium and the Ostrogoths, Rome changed hands six times. At this time, the population of the city decreased to 30-40 thousand people. Once greatest city The earth has fallen into disrepair. The magnificent buildings were slowly destroyed and plundered.

This is followed by the period of Papal power in Rome. With its rise, the center of the city became the Vatican Hill with the church of St. Peter. At this time, the old building is freely destroyed. Only those buildings that were used by the local nobility or the Church have survived.

At the beginning of the 16th century, Rome was again sacked.

AT modern times the city became a republic again. Napoleon abolished the Papal States, although after his defeat the power of the Pope was restored.

In 1870, the troops of the Italian kingdom occupied Rome, and it became the capital of the kingdom.

During the Second World War, Rome escaped serious destruction, although it was subjected to German occupation.

How to get there

Rome has modern international airport- Fiumicino, which links the capital of Italy with most major cities Europe and the world.

Almost in the center of Rome is the main railway junction of the city - Termini Station, from which you can get to anywhere in Italy.

Public transport in Rome is represented by three metro lines, trams and buses. Suburban communication is very well developed. Tickets can be bought at tobacconists and public terminals. A one-time ticket costs 1.5 euros and is valid for one trip for 100 minutes.

Shopping and shopping

Rome - perfect place for shopping. Brand shops can be found in the area of ​​Calle del Corso. Shops are cheaper on via del Tritone, Campo de Fiori and in the Pantheon area. If you need a large shopping center, that is:

• Euroma2 - 230 shops and restaurants. Line B "EUR Fermi" or "EUR Palasport".
• Cinecitta Due

Food and drink

Italy is famous for its cuisine: lasagna, pizza, pasta and many other dishes are very tasty. Rome has a huge selection of restaurants and cafes. But main advice- avoid tourist places. The food is often more expensive and not as good. Step aside a little, take a closer look at whether Italians are sitting in the institution. This is where you can enjoy real Italian cuisine. Based on my experience of Rome tours, I can say that the most delicious food in Rome is in the Campo de Fiori and Trastevere area. From drinks, wine is preferable, which is simply excellent here and even in restaurants it is not very expensive. Also be sure to try the gelato (ice cream).

Attractions

There are a lot of attractions in Rome. Probably, the number of historical, cultural and architectural monuments here is the largest per square meter. To explore at least the main attractions of Rome, you need to spend more than one day, but to explore this ancient city completely, you need to come here several times.

Or the Flavian Amphitheater - a symbol of the greatness of ancient Rome and the pride of the present. This is one of the most famous attractions in the world, which is visited by 6 million tourists annually. The Colosseum is the largest amphitheater of Antiquity, which accommodated about 50,000 spectators. Surprisingly, this grand building was built in just 8 years. The construction of the amphitheater was started in 72 and completed in 80. The Colosseum has been in use for 500 years. It hosted gladiator fights, executions, exhibitions of exotic animals. Despite earthquakes, looting and even bombing, the Colosseum still makes a strong impression.

Interesting Colosseum Facts:

• In the Middle Ages, the inhabitants of Rome used the travertine from which the amphitheater was built to build churches, houses and roads. Therefore, it can be called a miracle that the Colosseum has survived at all.
• The original name "Flavian Amphitheater" was changed in the Middle Ages. The name comes from the Latin word for "colossal".
• The opening of the Colosseum was accompanied by 100 day games, in which about 2,000 gladiators died.
• Initially, the amphitheater had a rich external marble finish.
• In order to protect the spectators in the stands from the sun, they stretched a special canvas.
• Cages with animals and gladiators were under the arena.

One of the oldest places in Rome, the center of the political and religious life of the city. These legendary ruins are located between the Colosseum and Piazza Venezia. After the fall of the empire, the Forum was forgotten, plundered and buried underground. Excavations were carried out only at the beginning of the 20th century.

In addition to the large number of temples that are located on the Forum (Saturn, Venus, Romulus, Vesta, etc.), it is worth paying attention Special attention to the following buildings:

• Via Sacra is the main street in Ancient Rome that connected Piazza del Campidoglio with the Colosseum.
• Arch of Titus is a triumphal arch dedicated to the victory over the Jews. It was built after the death of Emperor Titus.
• Arch of Septimius Severus, built in 203 AD to commemorate the third anniversary of Severus's reign as emperor.
• The Temple of Antoninus and Faustina, built in the second century, stands out as the best preserved temple in the Roman Forum.
• The Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine was one of the most important buildings in the Roman Forum.
• Curia - the building of the Senate, founded by Julius Caesar.
• Fok's Column, over 13 meters high, created in 608 AD in honor of the emperor of Byzantium.

The Trevi Fountain is the largest and beautiful fountain Rome. It was built at the end point of an ancient aqueduct. The final appearance of Trevi dates back to 1762 when, after many years of work on it by Nicolo Salvi, it was finalized by Giuseppe Pannini.

It is one of the greatest domed structures in the world and one of the best preserved structures from antiquity. It was built between 25-27 AD. Consul Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, son-in-law of Emperor Augustus. After several fires, it was rebuilt in 126 AD. under the emperor Hadrian, who ordered the following lines to be embossed on the facade - "M. AGRIPPA L F COS TERTIUM FECIT", which translates from Latin as "Mark Agrippa, son of Lucius, elected consul, erected this."

In 609 the Pantheon was consecrated as a Christian temple. This event made it possible to preserve this unique building almost in its original form.

The Pantheon is a true masterpiece of ancient Roman architecture and engineering. Structurally, it is a concrete-brick rotunda with a giant 43-meter dome. It is assumed that earlier the dome was decorated with golden rosettes, similar to stars, but exact evidence of this has not been found.

Palatine Hill is located fifty meters from the Forum. This is the oldest place in Rome. It is believed that the Italian capital was founded precisely on the Palatine. During the Republican period, the Roman nobility settled on the Palatine Hill and built luxurious palaces.

On the Palatine Hill you can see hundreds of ruins of imposing buildings that were built for noble Romans in ancient times. Among them deserve special attention:

• The Flavian House (Domus Flavia) is a magnificent palace built in 81 BC by order of Emperor Domitian as his state and official residence.
• The House of Livia is a rather modest house that was built in the 1st century BC. It is one of the best preserved buildings on the Palatine Hill. You can still see the remains of the mosaics and frescoes that once adorned the ceilings and walls.
• The House of Augustus is the residence of Octavian Augustus, which still has most of the valuable and colorful frescoes that adorned its walls.
• Farnese Gardens - designed in the middle of the 16th century on the ruins of the Palace of Tiberius. The Farnese Gardens were one of the first botanical gardens in Europe.
• Hippodrome of Domitian - it is not known for sure whether this was a stadium for racing or simply used as a garden.
• Palatine Museum - this small museum exhibits rarities found during excavations carried out on the Palatine Hill. The expositions contain sculptures, frescoes, mosaics and other items.

The Arch of Constantine is the most beautiful, largest and well-preserved of the ancient triumphal arches of Rome. Built at the beginning of the 4th century AD. and is dedicated to the victory of Emperor Constantine over Maxentius at the Battle of the Milvian Bridge. The arch is tricuspid and made of marble. Decorated with inscriptions and bas-reliefs.

Piazza Navona is one of the most famous squares in Rome, often referred to as the "Square of the Three Fountains". It was formed at the end of the 15th century and retains the shape of the stadium of Domitian, which stood here in Antiquity. The stadium was built in 86 AD and was larger than the Colosseum. The stadium was mainly used for festivals and sporting events. The buildings surrounding the square are built on the foundations of the ancient stands. Today Piazza Navona is one of the most popular places capitals of Italy.

Fountain of the Moor in Piazza Navona

Piazza Navona is famous for its fountains:

• The Fountain of the Four Rivers is one of the most famous and beautiful fountains in Rome, built in the first half of the 17th century by Bernini. Interestingly, he, like Trevi, takes water from the ancient aqueduct - Aqua Virgo. sculptural composition The fountain symbolizes the four great rivers: Danube, Nile, Ganges and La Plata. The sculptures are made of white marble. The dominant feature of the sculptural group is the Egyptian obelisk (which was actually made under the emperor Domitian and adorned the circus on the Appian Way). The height of the obelisk is over 16 meters.
• The fountain of the Moor is located in the southern part of the square. At first, the fountain was without sculptures. The sculpture of the Moor was made by Bernini in the 17th century, and in the 19th century, all other sculptures.
• The fountain of Neptune occupies the northern part of the square. Until the 19th century, he did not have a sculptural composition.

Directly opposite the Fountain of the Four Rivers is Sant'Agnese in Agone, a beautiful baroque church from the 17th century with two bell towers by Borromini. Although the original architect was Rainaldi. The church has a magnificent and rich interior decoration. Dedicated to St. Agnes - an early Christian torment.

Piazza di Spagna is one of the most charming squares in Rome. Its main attraction is the Spanish Baroque Steps, built in the 18th century, which leads to the top of the Pincio hill and the church of Trinita dei Monti. At the foot of the stairs is a beautiful fountain called Barcaccia.

Climbing the Spanish Steps, you can see the ancient Roman obelisk of Sallust, built during the reign of Emperor Aurelian. It is a copy of ancient Egyptian obelisks scattered throughout Rome. At the top of the Pincio hill is also the church of Trinita dei Monti, built in the 16th century in the style of the Italian Renaissance.

The Altar of the Fatherland (Vittoriano) is one of the most controversial sights of the Italian capital, located on Piazza Venezia. The building was built at the beginning of the 20th century and is dedicated to Victor Emmanuel II, the first king of a united Italy. Inside is a museum - the Risorgimento. The colossal monument is 135 meters long and 70 meters high. Vittoriano consists of many majestic Corinthian columns and staircases, which are carved from white marble. In the center is an equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel made of bronze.

From Vittoriano, you can walk along Via del Teatro di Marcello to Cordonata, the majestic staircase to Piazza di Capitoline, designed by the great Michelangelo in the 16th century. In the corner of the square is the famous Capitoline she-wolf - a small bronze sculpture. The sculpture depicts a she-wolf who feeds the babies Romulus and Remus, the legendary founders of Rome, with her milk.

The Castle of the Holy Angel or the Mausoleum of Hadrian is a monumental structure on the right bank of the Tiber in Hadrian's Park. It is a tall fortified cylindrical building. The history of this building begins in the first half of the 2nd century AD. Emperor Hadrian (who rebuilt literally a third of Rome) conceived it as a tomb for himself and his family members. The mausoleum was completed after his death. It contained the funeral urns of Hadrian and Septimius Severus. The last to be buried in it was Caracalla. During the era of the Papacy, there was a fortress and a prison here. Currently Castel Sant'Angelo is a museum, one of the most visited in Rome. The castle can be reached via the bridge of St. Angela is pedestrian bridge across the Tiber, adorned with statues of St. Peter and Paul and ten angels.

In 1277, an 800-meter fortified corridor was built that connected the castle with the Vatican, so that the pope could take refuge in the fortress in case of danger. This corridor was used only once - in 1527.

The Vatican is a miniature state within Rome, the center of the Catholic faith. If you are an art connoisseur, be sure to visit the Vatican Museums. They contain hundreds of unique, valuable creations, paintings, sculptures. The Vatican Museums are very popular with tourists, so there are usually long queues. It is best, of course, to visit them in groups.

One of the main attractions of the Vatican is St. Peter's Basilica - the largest Christian church in the world, the main Catholic temple. This is the largest and grandest structure of the Vatican. The greatest masters of that time worked on the creation of the cathedral: Bramante, Raphael, Michelangelo, Bernini. The capacity of the cathedral is about 60 thousand people. The interior of the cathedral strikes with the harmony of proportions, and with its huge size. There are a lot of statues, altars, tombstones, works of art by outstanding masters. You can get into the cathedral absolutely free of charge. Entrance from St. Peter.

Villa Borghese - largest park Rome and one of the largest city parks in Europe. The state purchased the gardens of the Borghese family in 1901 and soon turned them into a park. Villa Borghese is an interesting combination of nature and art, a place where interesting architectural elements, sculptures, monuments and fountains are located, created at different times by famous artists and sculptors.

What interesting things can be seen here:

• The Borghese Gallery is one of the most important museums in the Italian capital. It features paintings by artists such as Raphael, Titian and Caravaggio.
• The zoo contains over 1000 animals.
• Pincho's water clock, 19th century.

Trastevere is one of the most pleasant areas for walking in Rome with a typical Italian atmosphere. This is one of the best places for lunch or dinner in the Italian capital. A stroll through the narrow cobbled green streets of Trastevere will reveal hidden treasures such as modest medieval churches, small shops with the most unusual items, or scenes of daily Roman life.

The medieval "working area" Trastevere, located on the "other side" of the Tiber, is one of the most charming places in Rome. Delicious ice cream, the best cookies in the city and excellent gastronomy attract not only tourists, but also the Italians themselves. Although the area is only a 15-minute walk from the historic center of Rome, it has a lively atmosphere small town. The inhabitants of this popular quarter consider themselves to be real Romans. Here, in the labyrinth of narrow streets, around Piazza Santa Maria, which is the heart of Trastevere, time seems to have stopped. After sunset, people flock to numerous restaurants, enlivening these streets until late at night.

The center of the area is Piazza Santa Maria, where you can see the ancient basilica and the fountain.

The catacombs are an extensive network of underground burials of early Christians and Jews that date back to the 2nd-5th century. The catacombs were founded by Christians who did not accept the pagan customs of burning bodies. Therefore, to solve this problem, due to the lack of space and the high price of land in Rome, they decided to create these huge underground cemeteries. The catacombs have a huge number of underground passages that form real labyrinths several kilometers long, along which rows of rectangular burial niches were dug.

There are more than sixty catacombs in Rome, consisting of hundreds of kilometers of underground passages, which contain thousands of tombs. Currently, only five of them are open to the public:

• Catacombs of San Sebastiano (Via Appia Antica, 136). These 12 kilometers long catacombs are dedicated to St. Sebastian. Opening hours: Monday to Saturday from 9:00 to 12:00 and from 14:00 to 17:00.
• Catacombs of San Callisto (Via Appia Antica, 126). A network of passages over 20 kilometers long. The tombs of San Callisto were the burial place of 16 pontiffs and dozens of Christian martyrs. Opening hours - from Thursday to Tuesday from 9:00 to 12:00 and from 14:00 to 17:00.
• Catacombs of Priscilla (Via Salaria, 430). They contain some frescoes of great importance for the history of art and the first images of the Virgin Mary. Opening hours: from Sunday to Sunday from 9:00 to 12:00 and from 14:00 to 17:00.
• Catacombs of Domitilla (Via delle Sette Chiese, 280). Discovered in 1593, these more than 15 kilometers long catacombs owe their name to Vespasian's granddaughter. Opening hours - from Monday to Monday from 9:00 to 12:00 and from 14:00 to 17:00.

Trajan's Market is located opposite the Forum. It was built between 100 and 110 AD and is considered the first indoor " shopping center Europe". The complex, consisting of red brick and concrete, had six levels, in which there were up to 150 different shops and apartments.

Baths of Caracalla - located near the Appian Way. They are among the largest and most impressive baths built in the Roman Empire. Bathing was a favorite pastime of the Romans, who regularly came here not only to maintain their hygiene, but also for social relationships. In the vast area where the baths were located, the citizens of Rome could not only use the public baths, but also devote their time to doing physical exercises, visiting the library, walking in the gardens or praying to the gods. The Baths of Caracalla, covered with marble and decorated with valuable works of art, were the most luxurious baths that were and will be built in ancient times.

Piazza del Popolo Popolo

Piazza del Popolo is a large oval square in northern Rome that has existed since Roman times. In the past, an important road leading to the north began here. Three churches border the square, but the main attraction is the obelisk from ancient egypt. On the north side of the square are the Porta del Popolo, which leads to Via Flaminia, the road that connects Rome to the Adriatic coast.

The Basilica of Santa Maria in Cosmedin is a small basilica built during the Middle Ages, which houses several Christian relics (such as the skull of St. Valentine).

The Mouth of Truth is a huge marble mask that, according to legend, bites the hand of those who lie. Located in the portico of Santa Maria in Cosmedin.

The Circus Maximus is the largest stadium in Rome, located between the Palatine and the Aventine. It was built for chariot racing. The stadium could accommodate up to 300,000 spectators. Nowadays, the ruins of what was once the circus of Maximus barely survive. Now there is only a huge terrace that repeats the shape of the stadium. This often causes disappointment for tourists who visit it hoping to find at least some ruins.

Janiculum is a very pleasant place for walking, which is far from the hustle and bustle of the city, as well as an excellent observation deck. Many call Janiculum the eighth hills of Rome.

The Aqua Paola Fountain is a monumental marble fountain created in the 17th century to celebrate the opening of the old Roman aqueduct.

Where to go from Rome: 5 options for interesting trips and excursions

Italy seems to be quite a large country compared to other European countries. But only at first glance. Almost all cities in Italy are located at an accessible distance from each other and are connected by rail. It is very convenient to travel between them by train, especially from Rome, which is actually located in the center of the country. That is why many travelers are not limited to visiting the capital of Italy alone. If you are ready to consider the possibility of one day trip from Rome to any other city, then we will be happy to help you and tell you about some of the most interesting options.

How to get from Rome to the sea

At the height of summer, Rome is heated to the limit: at this time, the temperature rarely drops below +35 in the shade. When you walk along the ancient streets of the capital of Italy and languish in the heat, the thought involuntarily comes to mind that it would be nice to cool off somewhere, and apart from the far from the most attractive Tiber, there are no reservoirs and well-equipped beaches in Rome. Few people know that the coveted azure sea is much closer than it might seem at first glance: it is only 25 km from the city and is accessible to absolutely any tourist. Using our advice, you can significantly diversify your stay in the "eternal city" and relax on the Tyrrhenian Sea.

Rome on your own: step-by-step trip organization

Rome, or as it is often called, the "eternal city" is the dream of many travel lovers. We are told about the key role in the development of human civilization and the huge cultural and historical heritage of Rome from childhood, in history lessons, thereby forming the image of a great and unique city.

Stop dreaming, it's time to go to Rome and see it with your own eyes!

City transport in Rome

Although this article focuses on the system public transport Rome, the first thing I want to start with is to recommend to all our readers to use it as little as possible and give preference to walking. Rome is not the city where you should save your time and effort. Rome is real ancient miracle, preserved to our times, an open-air museum. Every square meter, every step will bring you unforgettable experience. Is it worth losing this while languishing in a bus or subway car? And to be honest, the transport of Rome is hardly able to surprise even novice travelers with something.

Where to stay in Rome?

How to get to Rome. Flights 2020

Rome is, perhaps, one of the most popular and beloved cities among all travelers of the world, including Russian ones. Thanks to the dense network of flights of European low-cost airlines, you can get to the "eternal city" in a variety of ways. We bring to your attention a selection of the cheapest tickets to Rome.

Tickets to the Colosseum online and other ways to get there without a queue

The Colosseum is by far the most popular attraction in Rome… what is Rome – practically, the whole world! Thousands of tourists strive not only to be photographed against the backdrop of this great building, but also to get directly inside it. Of course, it's not that easy. At the entrance to the Colosseum, there are many hours of queues of tourists, especially during the high season. Standing for 2-3 hours under the hot sun is far from the most pleasant occupation. But, fortunately, this is not the only way to get to the Colosseum.

Fiumicino Airport. How to get from the airport to the city

Leonardo da Vinci International Airport or Fiumicino Airport is the largest airport in Rome and throughout Italy, also one of the 10 largest airports in Europe. This airport located 30 km from Rome.

Interesting excursions in Rome in Russian

The "Eternal City" keeps a huge ancient cultural heritage: the remains ancient temples, basilicas and other significant buildings. But, you see, without history, these remnants of former greatness become ordinary forks. Without knowledge of history, Rome loses its cultural value. That is why among the guests of the city such a type of leisure as excursions has become very popular.

How to get to the Vatican Museums: online tickets, secrets and tips

The Vatican Museums and the Sistine Chapel are world-class attractions, along with the Eiffel Tower, etc. There are millions of people who want to be here. Therefore, a visit to the museum should be carefully planned and thought out so that kilometer-long queues and crowds do not spoil the impression.

Self-guided itineraries in Rome for 1, 2 and 3 days

Especially for those who are going to Rome for a relatively short period of time and want to get to know this as closely as possible beautiful city, we have prepared several routes for walking along it. And so, what can you see in Rome in one, two or three days?

What to see in the Vatican and all the most interesting about it

Perhaps the most unique place in Rome is the Vatican. Yes, the very phrase “Vatican in Rome” sounds paradoxical, because Rome is a city, and the Vatican is a whole state. One way or another, for the vast majority of tourists, the Vatican is one of the main attractions of the capital of Italy.

Where to try pizza in Rome? The best pizzerias in the city

One of the main elements of Italian culture is, of course, National cuisine: pasta, cheeses, pizza and more. Of course, everyone who is going to Rome definitely sets a goal to try real Italian pizza. There are a huge number of pizzerias in Rome, ranging from the usual cheap eateries to expensive "tourist attractions". Among the hundreds of such establishments, you can also find real traditional pizzerias that have been operating for a very long time and, first of all, have gained respect and popularity among the local population. This is exactly where we, travelers, need to be!

Castel Sant'Angelo: history and interesting facts

On the banks of the Tiber, not far from the Vatican, rises a mighty and pretty unusual building attracting the attention of visitors to Rome. This is the Castle of the Holy Angel, or, as it is also called, the Mausoleum of Hadrian. It is quite difficult not to notice it: the building has a height of almost 50 meters and at the same time is located on a small hill. Like any other architectural monument of Rome, Castel Sant'Angelo has a rather significant reason for its appearance and, in the future, a very rich history.

10 things to do in Rome

When planning your trip to Rome, sometimes even the most avid traveler's eyes start to run wide. The cultural and architectural heritage that Rome has been keeping for us for the third millennium in a row is truly immense. But, let's still try to compile a list of the most important things that every guest of the Eternal City needs to do.

The best squares in Rome

In view of its richest history, several cultural and historical centers were formed on the territory of modern Rome, which once played a significant role in the life of the city. Therefore, it is quite difficult to determine the most important square of the city. Each large square in Rome can be assigned its own special status of "the most ...". In this article, we have prepared an overview of several of the most popular and significant squares of the city, which you should not pass by.

Top 10 attractions in Rome

Rome is a city with almost three thousand years of history. Many monuments of ancient architecture miraculously survived here to this day, which makes the "eternal city" popular all over the world. They say that in order to see absolutely all the sights of this city, a lifetime is not enough. Is it so? Let's leave this question open and for now we will limit ourselves to the most important sights that travelers who have gathered in Rome for only a few days should definitely see.

Vittoriano - an ambiguous landmark of Rome

AT historical center Rome, just 5 minutes from the Colosseum and the Roman Forum, is the snow-white Vittoriano monument. This attraction does not have world fame, unlike its eminent neighbors. And according to some, Vittoriano, and at all, spoils architectural ensemble Rome, unfavorably standing out against the background of other historical buildings.

Rome is the city of seven hills. The southernmost of them - Aventine - is spread on one of the banks of the Tiber and sheltered many attractions. Usually tourists go to the Aventine to look at the ruins of the ancient circus, the pyramid of Cestius, admire the temples of San Sabina (5th century), Sant'Allesio (4th century) and others. And few people know that on the top of the hill, in the area of ​​the Knights of Malta, there is a unique keyhole. Looking into it, you can see three sovereign state entities at once - Italy, the Vatican and the Order of Malta.

The address: aventino hill

2. Orange garden on the Aventina

Going to the Aventine just for the sake of some kind of "hole", of course, is stupid. This place is also one of the most romantic places in Rome, Savello Park. Although the locals rarely use this name, for the Romans it is the Orange Garden on the Aventina.

It was founded in 1932 on the site where the Savelli family fortress once stood (hence the name). Remains of this ancient structure still found among the trees.

Wonderful orange groves, slender cypress alleys and flowering oleanders create a unique atmosphere of tranquility. In addition, the garden ends with a terrace, from which great views on the Tiber, Trastevere, Janiculum and the Vatican.

P.S. Oranges are inedible - a wild variety.

The address: L'Aventino, Circo Massimo, Viadi Santa Sabina

Orange garden on the Aventina

3. Bartolucci store

For many decades now, in the Bartolucci family, the secrets of carpentry have been passed down from generation to generation: from grandfather to father, from father to son. After all, they have a family business on their shoulders - a wooden workshop Bartolucci.

Everything in this shop is wooden: from the cyclist Pinocchio, who meets visitors at the entrance, to women's jewelry. Toys, frames, caskets, watches, an exact copy of a motorcycle (!) And, of course, all kinds of figures of the Log Boy - the eyes run wide from the variety of wooden handicrafts. You will definitely not leave this store without a souvenir.

The address: Via dei Pastini, 98.
Website: bartolucci.com
Working mode: daily from 12:00 to 20:00

4. Via dei Condotti

One of the oldest and most famous Roman streets lies in the center of the Italian capital. In ancient times, it connected the Pincho hill with the Tiber and crossed the Via Flaminius. Her name is Via dei Condotti.

From the 18th century, this street began to acquire a halo of glitz and “glamour” – fashion shops and ateliers grew there like mushrooms after rain. Now the street houses boutiques of the most prestigious world brands - Valentino, Armani, Hermès, Cartier, Louis Vuitton, Fendi, Gucci, Prada, Chanel, Dolce & Gabbana and Salvatore Ferragamo. The oldest fashion establishment in Via dei Condotti is the Bulgari atelier, opened more than a century ago, in 1905.

Among other attractions of this street - house number 11, where one of the inventors of the radio, Guglielmo Marconi, lived; house number 68 - the residence of the Grand Master of the Order of Malta; as well as the famous cafe "Antiko Caffe Greco", where Lord Byron himself, Goethe, Liszt and Stendhal drank coffee.

The address: strada Via dei Condotti, tra Piazza di Spagna e Via del Corso
Wiki: Via dei Condotti

5. Market Porta Portese

If the glitz and prices of Via dei Condotti suddenly make you feel bad, urgently go to the Trastevere area to one of the largest European flea markets (more than 1350 stalls).

It originates at the gates of Porte Portese (which is why it is called so) and stretches as far as two streets - Via Ippolito Nievo and Via Portuense. It arose in the middle of the last century, after the end of World War II - unemployment and inflation forced people to sell personal belongings in order to somehow feed their families.

What is sold at Porta Portese today? In short, ALL. Old books, picture frames, furniture, used clothes, gramophones, telephones, toys, dishes, reproductions of paintings, watches (of all kinds), military patches... If you wish, you can find any, including rare, goods there. Prices, as expected in the market, do not bite, and you can always negotiate with merchants.

The address: Via Portuense & Ippolito Nievo
Working mode: every Sunday

The ancient Romans used to say "Habent sua fata libelli", which means "Books have their destiny". This saying means that one should not rashly judge literary works (perhaps the descendants will appreciate the "masterpieces" of Daria Dontsova).

As if a mute reminder of this wisdom is the Roman Fountain of Books (aka the Fountain of Science or the Fountain of Knowledge), created by the sculptor Pietro Lombardi and dedicated to Thomas Aquinas. It represents two stacks of books with bookmarks and a deer's head between them. This unusual fountain is located near the masterpiece of the Roman Baroque, the 17th century Catholic church - Sant Ivo alla Sapienza, which is part of the Borromini University of Rome.

The address: Via degli Staderari

7. Square Colosseum

This place, for political reasons, is not included in any of the guides to Rome. The World Expo quarter - Esposizione Universale Roma or EUR - was built in the southwest of Rome in 1943-1945 by order of the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini. The occasion was the twentieth anniversary of fascism and the World's Fair scheduled for 1942.

One of the symbols of the "fascist era" was the Palace of Italian Civilization (Palazzo della Civilta Italiana), better known as the "Square Colosseum" (Colosseo Quadrato). There really is something similar to the ancient amphitheater: for example, the loggias on the facade of the palace, located in six rows of nine arches each. As such structures are supposed to be, the marble palace is impressive in size - 68 meters high, area - 8,400 sq.m.

The World Exhibition in Rome did not take place then, and the EURO quarter and the "Square Colosseum" are still standing. By the way, the latter has appeared on movie screens more than once (for example, in The Last Man on Earth in 1964).

The address: Via Cristoforo Colombo, 559
Wiki: World Expo Quarter

8. Pizzeria "Buffetto's"

What is Italy without pizza? One of the most delicious is prepared in Pizzeria Da Baffetto restaurants (there are only two in Rome). This is a family business, which has been headed by Buffetto's grandfather for half a century. He knows a lot about pizza: the dough should be thin and fluffy, and the filling should be fresh and juicy.

Tourists have a life hack: go to places where locals eat. So, at Buffetto's, both of them are happy to dine. After all, for 20-25 euros you get first-class Italian pizza, piping hot (prepared right in front of visitors), beer and a great mood. The only problem is that getting into this pizzeria is not so easy because of the huge queues.

Addresses: Via del Governo Vecchio, 114 e Piazza del Teatro di Pompeo, 18 (Baffetto 2)
Website: pizzeriabaffetto.it

9. Museum of Art of the 21st Century

National Museum Arts Center of the 21st Century (MAXXI) is quite young (opened in May 2010), but, as it should be, ambitious. The MAXXI building, occupying 27 thousand sq.m. and affectionately called "pasta" by the Romans, was built by Zaha Hadid on the site of the Montello barracks. The construction cost 150 million euros, but Rome now has a museum of the future.

Or rather art and architecture of the future. The exhibition halls of MAXXI present photographs, installations, prototypes and models of houses, streets and entire cities in which we will live in a couple of decades. In addition, the museum has a conference room, a library and a workshop. Do you want to imagine the future of your children? Head to Rome's National Museum of 21st Century Art.

The address: via Guido Reni, 4 A, metro station Flaminio
Website: fondazionemaxxi.it
Working mode: Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Sunday - from 11:00 to 19:00; Thursday, Saturday - from 11:00 to 22:00

Italy is the birthplace of Ferrari. Its headquarters is located in Maranello, and in the capital there is the largest store of the world famous brand. Car fans will go crazy with this place: key chains, watches, shoes, clothes, toys and hundreds of other items with Ferrari symbols.

Of course, you have to pay for the name. Prices, to put it mildly, bite: 150 euros for a keychain with a rearing stallion; 300 for branded racing gloves and 1,500 for a sparkling red toy car.

By the way, you can also ride a real Ferrari through the streets of Rome - the rental service is very popular there.

The address: Via Tomacelli, 147
Website: store.ferrari.com
Working mode: daily from 10:00 to 20:00

Ferrari Store in Rome

11. Cloaca Maxima

The exact date of its construction is not known for certain (either the 4th or the 7th century BC), but this is definitely one of the most ancient and unique structures of this kind. Sewerage in Rome began to be actively built under Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, who paid great attention to the infrastructure of the city.

It is during his reign that the construction of the Great Cloaca is most often attributed. To do this, they invited Etruscan craftsmen and dug a canal 800 meters long, 3 meters wide and 4 meters high between the Palatine and Capitol hills. Cloaca Maxima was originally open, then covered with wooden decks and then paved with Gabi stone.

And to this day, despite its venerable age, the Great Cloaca is in fairly good condition and serves as a storm drain.

The address: exits under the Ponte Rotto and Palatinski bridges.
Wiki: Cloaca Maxima

12. Panoramic platform Gianicolo

Aventine, Viminal, Capitol, Quirinal, Palatine, Caelius, Esquiline… Stop! Where is Gianicolo? Alas, this peak is not one of the famous seven Roman hills, as it is historically located outside the city walls. And in vain, because there are also many ancient monuments here: the monastery of Sant'Onofrio, the Gianicolo lighthouse, Villa Aurelia and others.

But the main reason why it is worth visiting Gianicolo Hill is the observation deck. It offers just a crazy view of His Majesty Rome.

The address: Gianicolo, Piazzale Giuseppe Garibaldi

13. Gelateria blue ice

Gelateria Blu Ice is a chain of ice cream parlors. The Romans say, and the tourists confirm that it is in these establishments that the best Italian ice cream is. These cafes do not just sell - they produce ice cream. Therefore, in Blu Ice, an ice treat is always fresh for every taste - with fruits, nuts, chocolate, puffed rice, coconut flakes ...

Prices are quite reasonable - from 150 to 350 rubles. Another undoubted plus is that the cafe is open at night. So gelateria Blu Ice is a paradise not only for children, but also for adults, among whom, as you know, there are many sweet teeth.

Addresses:

• Via di S. Prassede, 11/bis;
• Via dei Baullari, 130;
• Viale dei Due Macelli, 29;
• Viale Ottaviano, 7;
• Via S. Agnes in Agone, 20;
• Via Sistina, 122, etc.

Website: blueiceitalia.com
Working mode: daily from 10:00 to 2:00

Art lovers will not be bored in Rome - the Vatican Museum, the Borghese Galleries, the Barberini and dozens of other exquisite places. However, lovers of sharp (in this case, in the literal sense of the word) sensations also have something to visit in the capital of Italy - Museo Criminologico awaits them.

This is the building of a former prison, and now a historical exposition that tells about criminals and the penalties applied to them at different times. So, in ancient Rome, offenders were not particularly ceremonial: they were executed, given into slaves or appointed as a gladiator.

During the Inquisition, there were their own methods of justice:

Left - torture chair, right - bronze torture chamber for witches

In short, in this museum you will probably learn more about Good and Evil than in any art museum.

The address: via Gonfalone, 29

15. Shelter of cats

Roman cats. Shelter for stray cats. Visit" - a strange inscription at the entrance to the excavations of the temple complex of the times of the Roman Republic, in Torre Argentina Square.

Nevertheless, the fact remains: stray cats live among the remains of ancient temples and dilapidated statues. And for completely legal reasons. When local residents and authorities learned that stray tailed whiskered creatures had chosen the Argentine ruins, they decided not to drive away the cats, but to organize a shelter for them. Now it has several hundred inhabitants, who are cared for by volunteers. Each visitor to this unusual cattery can help the animals with a "ruble" (in the sense of the euro) by buying local souvenirs.

The address: Largo di Torre Argentina

16. Enoteca Costantini

Continuing the theme gastronomic travel It is impossible not to talk about Italian wine. There are 20 regions in this sunny country and each (!) of them produces its own wine. Its unique wine, which differs in taste, aroma, terroir and production technologies.

You can try different varieties of Italian wines in the enoteca Costantini. This is a real wine treasury, where thousands of bottles of various brands and aging are stored. You can buy wine and take it with you, or taste it on the spot, in a local restaurant.

The address: Piazza Cavour 16
Website: pierocostantini.it
Working mode: Monday from 16:30 to 20:00; Tuesday-Saturday - from 9:00 to 13:00 and from 16:30 to 20:00

17. Monument to the Pope

In Rome, not far from the Termini station, there is a monument to John Paul II. Such a solid sculpture - 5.50 m in height, real bronze, silver plating. It would seem that what is special here, where, if not in the capital, to build monuments to the Popes?

But the inhabitants of the Eternal City rebelled - "We don't need such a Pope!" The Romans did not like the appearance of the pontiff: a round head, like a ball, and an almost complete absence of a neck. At the same time, the posture of the monument, as conceived by the author, symbolizes the universal concern of John Paul II for humanity.

Robert De Niro, who played one of the members of the Sicilian Corleone crime family, once said: “Italy has changed a long time ago. But Rome is Rome.

Indeed, it is difficult for a city with a thousand-year history to change. And it is not easy for a tourist coming to the capital of Italy to see another, not only historical, Rome. We hope that with our help you will succeed.

Share in the comments the unique Roman places you know that you must see.

Rome occupies a special place among European capitals. This is a symbolic city, a primary source city where Western civilization. The mighty Roman Empire, which subjugated the entire Mediterranean, began right here - on the banks of the Tiber River. The historical and cultural heritage of Rome is priceless; architectural and cultural masterpieces await tourists at every step.

Rome is the legendary Colosseum and the treasures of museums, historical ruins Capitol and magnificent facades of baroque villas. The whole city can be viewed as an open-air museum, its streets and squares are home to the history of three thousand years of civilization, thought, art and culture.

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What to see and where to go in Rome?

The most interesting and Beautiful places for walks. Photos and a short description.

1. Colosseum

The main arena of Ancient Rome, a theater for gladiator fights, persecution of captives by wild animals and other no less bloody performances of the annual Games of the capital of the Empire. In honor of the opening of the Colosseum in 80 AD. the Great Games were arranged, which lasted more than 3 months. The ancient stones of the Arena still remember the gladiators killed for the amusement of the public and the slaves from the occupied provinces torn to pieces for pleasure.

2. Pantheon

Construction of the II century BC, "temple of all gods" in Greek. The Pantheon was created during the period of the highest flowering of ancient Roman architecture. For many centuries, pagan gods were worshiped under the dome of the building, until at the beginning of the 7th century the Pantheon was turned into a Christian temple. The building has survived to this day in good condition thanks to numerous restorations that began before the advent of our era.

3. Vatican

City-state, stronghold and main bastion of the Catholic Church, the residence of the Pope. In total, about 800 people are citizens of the Vatican, mostly priests and church employees. The Vatican is famous for its museums, which contain outstanding collections of paintings, sculptures and applied arts. This is a real treasure trove of humanity. Also, tourists are attracted by the main Catholic church - St. Peter's Cathedral.

4. Cathedral and St. Peter's Square

St. Peter's Cathedral is the spiritual center of the Catholic branch of Christianity. Here the Pope himself conducts festive masses. The temple arose on the site of the former circus of Nero in the 4th century. At first it was a small basilica where the relics of the Apostle Peter were kept. In the 15th century it was rebuilt into a grandiose building. Raphael, Michelangelo, Peruzzi, Maderno and others worked on St. Peter's Cathedral. In front of the temple is a wide square with a colonnade of 284 Doric columns.

5. Vatican Museums

Museum collections were collected at different times by the popes. They were founded in the 16th century by Pope Julius II. An extensive exposition of paintings of the 11th-19th centuries is collected in the Pinacoteca of the Vatican. You can get acquainted with tapestries and frescoes by the great masters by visiting the Sistine Chapel and Raphael's Stanzas. Antique statues, sarcophagi from ancient Rome are presented in the museums of Chiaramonti and Pio Cristiano. The history of religions around the world is described by the exhibits of the Ethnological Missionary Museum. The history of the Vatican is presented in Historical Museum. The Vatican Library has over one and a half million books. The visit is open daily, except Sundays and Catholic holidays.

6. Vittoriano

Memorable architectural complex XVIII-XIX centuries in honor of King Victor Emmanuel, the first ruler of a united Italy. On the site in front of the monumental palace, the Eternal Flame burns and a guard of honor is on duty. The inhabitants of Rome are not too fond of this bulk of white marble, as they believe that it does not fit into the architecture of the city. Some Romans refer to Vittoriano as a ridiculous "wedding cake".

7. Trastevere

Bright and colorful Roman quarter across the Tiber River. Here in the XVIII century BC. the Etruscan tribe settled, from which the history of the Eternal City began. In the era of the Empire, luxurious patrician villas stood here. In the area, many buildings and residential buildings are many hundreds of years old, so they look very authentic and attractive to tourists. People continue to live in dilapidated houses.

8. Piazza Navona

Oval square in the central part of Rome, located on the site of the former circus of Domitian. Since the 16th century, ambassadors, cardinals, bankers and other wealthy representatives of society began to settle in this area. From the 15th century until the middle of the 19th century, there was a market here. In the middle of the square is the Fountain of the Four Rivers - a sculptural group with a deep symbolic meaning. In the middle of the composition rises an obelisk, symbolizing the power of the Pope. Around the obelisk are sculptures representing the rivers of four continents.

9. Piazza del Popolo

In a free translation into Italian, the name of this place sounds like "People's Square". Piazza del Popolo played an important role in the life of Rome, as the road to the northern provinces began from here. The square is decorated with the Church of Santa Maria del Popolo and the Egyptian obelisk of Ramses II. Mine modern look the piazza received at the beginning of the 19th century, the architect D. Valadier worked on it.

10. Castel Sant'Angelo

The construction began to be built in the era of the Roman Empire in the 2nd century AD. During its existence, it served as a papal dwelling, prison, warehouse and even a tomb. Today, the fortress houses the Military History Museum. The castle got its name in the 6th century AD. after the image of the Archangel Michael appeared to Pope Gregory. Directly from the castle, a picturesque bridge is thrown across the Tiber River, which was built under the emperor Hadrian. On the bridge it was possible to get to the Champ de Mars by the shortest route.

11. Roman Forum

The very heart of Ancient Rome, where important state and social events took place - the fate of laws was decided, consuls were elected, the triumphs of emperors took place after victorious wars. After the fall of the Empire, the forum was destroyed and devastated, and time did its work, so only fragments have survived to this day. The remains of the forum are part of a protected archaeological area, where an open-air museum operates.

12. Forum of Trajan

The forum appeared at the turn of II-I centuries. BC. At that time it was big square, surrounded by the market, the temple of Emperor Trajan, Greek and Latin libraries. The 38-meter column of Trajan made of Carrara marble has survived to our time. Inside the column is the tomb of the emperor himself and his wife. Trajan's Forum is the last building of its type built in Rome.

13. Baths of Caracalla

Remains of ancient Roman baths along the Appian Way. The culture of visiting the term was well developed in the Roman Empire. People came here to talk, learn the latest news or hold business negotiations. The Baths of Caracalla were built in the 3rd century AD. under the emperor Septimius Bassian Caracalla. Already in the 5th century AD. this architectural complex began to be considered a real wonder of the world. In addition to baths and pools, there was a library here.

14. Arch of Constantine

The triumphal arch erected by Emperor Constantine in honor of the victory in the civil war over the troops of his rival Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maxentius. It was under Constantine that Christianity became the official religion (the ruler believed that God himself helped him come to power), the capital of the Empire was transferred to Constantinople, and Rome gradually began to lose its former power and decline.

15. Basilica of San Giovanni in Laterano

One of the most ancient Christian churches, the first temple of Rome. In the church hierarchy, it is above all others, even above St. Peter's. The Catholic hierarchs awarded her the title of "basilica major", that is, "senior". She is recognized as "the head and mother of all churches." The temple appeared during the reign of Constantine under Pope Sylvester I in the 4th century AD. Six Popes are buried in the basilica and the relics of the Apostles St. Paul and St. Peter are kept.

16. San Paolo Fuori le Mura

Temple of the 4th century AD, erected on the burial site of the Apostle St. Peter, who was executed at the behest of Emperor Nero in the 1st century AD. The building was rebuilt several times under the emperors Theodosius I and Valentinian II. Almost every Catholic Pope tried to bring something of himself into the temple complex, so over time, San Paolo Fuori le Mura expanded in size and grew with new additions.

17. Santa Maria Maggiore

One of the four main Catholic churches in Rome. It has a very high status in the ecclesiastical rank of cathedrals (the highest status is assigned to the Basilica of San Giovanni in Laterano). The foundation stone of Santa Maria Maggiore was laid in the middle of the 4th century. In the XIV century, a 75-meter bell tower appeared near the church. The facade, which has survived to this day, is a mixture of Romanesque and Baroque styles.

18. Il Gesu Church

The main Jesuit temple in Rome, where the Grand Master Ignatius Loyola is buried. The first project of the temple was developed by Michelangelo, but the head of the order did not like it. In 1561, another architect, Giacomo Barozzi, began construction according to his own plan. Until the abolition of the Jesuit Order at the end of the 18th century, significant wealth was stored in the church of Il Gesu. The church building itself was taken away from the organization. Only after 1814 it was returned back.

19. Basilica of Saint Clement

Unique archaeological site. The church consists of three levels. The lowest one was discovered in the 19th century and represents buildings from the 1st century AD. Frescoes and remains of decor have been preserved here. The second level is an early Christian church from the 4th century. The upper level is a 12th-century basilica, with a baroque façade, an atrium and a fountain inside. The interior decoration is rich, the walls are painted with frescoes of the 18th century.

20. San Pietro in Vincoli

The name of the church is translated as "Saint Peter in chains". It is located on the square of the same name and was founded in the 5th century as a place for storing chains with which the holy apostle was bound. Here is the tomb of Pope Julius II, designed by Michelangelo. One of the main decorations of the tomb is rightfully considered famous sculpture"Moses". The artist Antonio Polayolo is also buried in the church.

21. Church of Sant'Ignazio

The cult building of the Jesuit order in the Baroque style was built in 1626. It is located on Ignatius Layola Square and is dedicated to this saint who founded the order (he served as a prototype for Don Quixote). The church consists of many chapels, decorated with columns, arches and voluminous stucco. Numerous frescoes tell about the life of Saint Ignatius. The flat ceiling is frescoed in such a way that the illusion of its domed structure is created.

22. Santa Maria in Trastevere

According to presumed data, this church was the first Christian church in Rome. Its foundation dates back to the 3rd century AD. It is located on the square of the same name in the Trastevere area. The building is rightfully considered a pearl of medieval architecture: the facade with arches and columns is decorated with colorful mosaics of the 12th century. Inside the church is arranged according to the principle of a classical basilica. In addition to Catholic icons, Christian icons are also kept here.

23. Capitoline Museum

The world's first museum was born in 1471, when Pope Sixtus IV donated a collection of antique bronzes to the inhabitants of Rome. It is located on the Capitoline Square, designed by Michelangelo, in three palaces. The New Palace presents an exposition of classical sculpture. In the Palace of the Conservatives there are world-famous ancient statues, a collection of paintings from the Renaissance, a collection of coins. The main part of the Palace of the Senators is occupied by the City Hall of Rome, the first floor is reserved for the museum.

24. National Museum of Rome

It is a museum complex located in four buildings. Palazzo Massimo houses exhibitions of ancient Roman jewelry, coins, as well as sarcophagi, frescoes and mosaics. Palazzo Altemps bears the name of its first owner, Cardinal Altemps. His personal collection of works of art is exhibited here, as well as a collection of ancient sculptures and an Egyptian exposition. The crypt of Balbi houses ancient Roman artifacts found during excavations. The very building of Thermae Deoklitsiana is already unique architectural monument. Various exhibitions are held here, there is also a permanent exhibition of ancient sculptures, manuscripts and archeological finds.

25. Doria Pamphili Gallery

The private collection is on display at Palazzo Doria Pamphilj, one of the main streets of old Rome. It began to be collected in 1651. The palace is the largest private palace in the city. The paintings of the Italian painters of the 17th century are most widely represented. An interesting gallery of sculptures, a rich collection of antique furniture and fabrics. In total, more than 500 copies are presented here, in six main halls.

26. Rome Opera House

The first name is the theater of Constanti, after the name of its founder. The opening of the theater took place in 1880, in the 20th century the building was acquired by the city authorities, and was partially rebuilt twice. World premieres of great composers took place on this stage, the best voices of the world performed. Currently, both opera and ballet performances and concerts are held here. The theater has a ballet school.

27. Museum and Crypt of the Capuchins

Santa Maria della Cancezione is a small Roman church with a modest façade. However, the place is attractive for tourists. The Roman cardinal Antonio Barberini, a member of the Capuchin order, is buried here. Under the church there is a burial of monks, the walls of the crypt are decorated with bones and skulls of more than 4,000 thousand dead from 1528 to 1780. Since 2012, the Capuchin Museum has been organized here: the exhibits tell about the history, traditions and secrets of the ancient Order.

28. Catacombs of Rome

Numerous underground galleries and labyrinths that are located under the surface of Rome. Many pre-Christian burials have been found here, but the foundations are part underground passages created in the era of early Christianity. The first associates of Jesus hid in these dungeons. Here they held religious rites, meetings, prayers without the danger of being discovered and caught.

29. Pyramid of Cestius

It is believed that the building was erected in the 1st century BC. It served for burial purposes - here is the tomb of Praetor Gaius Cestius Epulus. The construction took place during the period of the conquest of Egypt, when the fashion for the "Egyptian style" appeared in Ancient Rome. At that time, obelisks, sculptures and other monuments were taken out of the Nile Valley. The Pyramid of Cestius reaches a height of 37 meters and a width of almost 30 meters.

30. Big circus

Ancient hippodrome between the Palatine and Aventine hills. In the era of the Roman Empire, chariot races were held here. Under Emperor Gaius Julius Caesar, the circus was rebuilt and grew to a fairly large size. More than 250 thousand people could watch the spectacle at the same time. In the spectator sector, lodges for patricians and standing places for plebeians were equipped.

31. Appian Way

One of the most important roads of the Roman Empire, which led from the Eternal City to the south of the Apennine Peninsula. The total length of the route is more than 500 km. The road began to be built in the 4th century. Due to the excellent quality of the pavement masonry, the Appian Way made it possible to quickly reach places remote from the capital or to transfer troops in a fairly short time. The roadbed has survived to this day in very good condition.

32. Villa Borghese

Palace of the XVI century, built for Cardinal Scipione Borghese on the site of former vineyards. The building is surrounded by a huge English-style park with numerous antique statues. On the territory there is a hippodrome, a zoo, a theater and several museums. Until the beginning of the 20th century, the mansion with the park belonged to the Borghese family, then all the property went to the state.

33. Villa Medici

It is located on the hillside of Pincho on the site of the former gardens of Lucullus. In the middle of the 16th century, the territory near the hill became the possession of the Medici Cardinal, who built a villa-residence here for his family. After the extinction of the Medici dynasty, the house and surrounding lands were transferred to the Lorraine family. The Medici Cardinal acquired many works of ancient art to decorate the villa. Some examples can be admired in the Uffizi Gallery.

34. Spanish Steps

Italian baroque staircase in the center of Rome. It is recognized as one of the most picturesque in Europe. The stairs start at the Plaza de España and lead to Pincho Hill. The Plaza de España itself is a very expressive place, where it is always pleasant to stroll among the flowering flower beds. In the 17th century, the Spanish embassy was located here. As a sign of good relations between the two countries, the piazza was named after Spain.

35. Trevi Fountain

The most famous Roman fountain of the 18th century, where every guest of the city is simply obliged to throw a coin for good luck. In a week, coins are thrown in the amount of several thousand euros. All money goes to a charitable foundation. The sculptural composition of the fountain consists of the figure of the sea god Neptune on a chariot and his companions. 16 architects fought for the right to work on the construction of the fountain.

Rome is the mystery of Italy, a duo of metal and stone. Rome in Italy is a remarkable, inspiring and memorable city. Rome in Italy is a noble and aristocratic city. The city of Rome is a landscape of reflection!

The greatness of Italian history is revealed through the great actions of the emperors and generals of Rome. Rome has been for centuries center of the Roman Empire the most powerful, dominant, wealthy and grandiose empire of the ancient world. Rome holds its ancient treasures, evidence of the city's leading role in the rich historical events that made it the world's first museum city. The Palace of Saturn, the Basilica of Aemilia, the Palace of Castra and Pollux, the Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine, squares with columns and monuments, as well as the Baths of Caracalla, taverns, the Theater of Marcellus, the market, the Palace of Venus, the Arch of Constantine - all this historical heritage today available for contemplation of tourists.

Rome is art, it is history, it is nature! All paths lead to Rome, and from Rome to eternity...

Tourist sunny Italy- this is mood, beauty, emotions, jewelry and souvenirs. The inspiration of Italy is the "eternal city" of Rome, where solemnity and grace are valued. Rome in Italy is a city where the soul is overflowing with delight!

The energy of life modern city side by side with the pomp and sophistication of the ancient world.

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Sights of Rome

• The most important Roman ruins are: Palatine, and the Baths of Caracalla;
• Imperial Forums;
• is a hymn to the sea and its lord Neptune. Playful seahorses, newts united into a single mythical ensemble, delighting citizens and tourists, and a coin thrown into it is the key to a new meeting with the "eternal city";
• Plaza de España. Fountain in the form of a boat "Barcaccia". The famous Spanish Steps (135 steps);
• . The Palace of Venice and the monumental building "Altar of the Fatherland" ("Vittoriano").
• . Three fountains: Central - "The Fountain of the Four Rivers", created in 1648-1650 according to the sketches of Bernini. It is a stele framed by sculptures depicting the rivers Ganges, Nile, Danube and La Plata; Two side ones - "Fountain of Neptune" and "Fountain of the Moor" (author Giacomo della Porta).

Rome is the mysterious place in Italy, where the pages of a historical novel seem to come to life! In this ancient city, there is a feeling of merging with history and the nuances are no longer important: either history penetrates you, or you penetrate history! At night, all the monuments are illuminated and Rome is filled with magic!

The art of Rome is wisdom in the guise of beauty and architecture. It was in Rome that they came up with the idea of ​​growing flowers on the windowsill! Cement was also invented in Rome. It is believed that the water in Rome is the most delicious in the world: there are still thousands of springs and fountains! "Meal'n'Real!" - the slogan is also Roman.
The dynamics, freedom, passion and power of magic of the modern capital of Italy organically fit into the monumental image of Rome.
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Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater) in Rome

The oldest building left from ancient Rome is Coliseum (Flavian amphitheater). Despite centuries of destruction, it remains the main symbol of Rome today.

The amphitheater was built in the 1st century AD, in 8 years. This imposing elliptical structure with a height of 50 meters, a perimeter of 530 meters, a foundation of 13 meters and 28 elevators is the largest amphitheater in the ancient world.

Colosseum, Flavian Amphitheatre, Rome

In accordance with the hierarchy of Roman society, the inhabitants had tokens indicating their place in the coliseum. Residents could attend all performances for free, there were about 10 of them a year. A metal barrier, elephants and archers protected the very first rows, which housed the nobility, from wild animals. What did the walls of the Colosseum not see? Here they staged battles with wild animals, executions of those sentenced to death, which took place in the form of performances, water battles and gladiator fights, where the main award was a wooden sword - a symbol of freedom. Since the 6th century the amphitheater has been abandoned. Its destruction and plunder began, which stopped only in 1700, when the Colosseum was declared the place of martyrdom of the first Christians. History comes to us through stones. Time has turned the Colosseum into the ruins of history. Today, through the openings of the Colosseum, the Roman sky is blue!

Pantheon in Rome

The Pantheon in Rome is a masterpiece of ancient Roman architecture that has come down to us in perfect condition since 125 AD. The Pantheon is the only ancient domed attraction in Rome. It is hard to imagine that this monolithic building of impressive size, without a single window on the sides, is luxuriously decorated and well lit inside. The round rotunda with a diameter of 43.5 meters, together with the dome, rises to 42 meters, relying on massive walls 6 meters thick. The strict façade of the building is adorned with a rectangular portico, which rests on two rows of 14-meter solemn red monolithic columns made of Egyptian granite (the upper part is made of Greek marble).

The Pantheon, for all its significance and uniqueness, is one of the most accessible attractions for tourists in Rome. Pantheon in literal translation means "Temple to all the gods." But already in 609, by decree of Pope Boniface IV, the ancient temple began to be used as the Christian church of Our Lady of the Martyrs, and this saved it from destruction. Today it is also the main tomb. famous people. The first person to wish to be buried in the Pantheon was the famous Italian Renaissance artist Raphael Santi (1520). So the Pantheon became a mausoleum. Found yours here last resort Kings Victor Emmanuel II, Umberto I, Queen Margherita, as well as famous cultural figures Carracci and Zuccari.

Speaking of the Pantheon, one cannot fail to mention the dome. The dome is made of concrete, and a 9 meter round hole in its center illuminates the interior inside, giving the impression of a vault of heaven adorned with stars. Five rows of caissons visually lighten the entire structure and create an "airiness" of the decorative elements of the interior decoration of the vault. Colored African marble is present everywhere inside the Pantheon: from the threshold and the mosaic floor to the walls. The altars and niches are decorated with statues of saints, 17th-18th century sculptures and paintings.

Divine services in the Pantheon are still held today on significant spiritual holidays.

Palatine. Palatine Hill in Rome

Rome stands on 7 hills: Capitol, Palatine, Aventine, Quirinal, Viminal, Caelius, Esquiline.

Palatine Hill - the cradle of the Roman Empire, the second largest after the Capitol (height 40 meters).

The Palatine is an open-air museum of ancient Rome. He seems to resurrect the fictions of ancient mythology. According to legend, it was on it that the twins Remus and Romulus were found and fed by a she-wolf.

Palatine is a hill of the era of kings and emperors, which rightfully occupies a central place in Rome. The Palatine Hill tells its story with the hut of Romulus, the palaces of Tiberius and Flavius, the stadium of Domitian, the aqueduct of Claudius, the palace and botanical garden Farnese, the baths of Severus, the Palatine Museum, the temple of Apollo, the house of Augustus, the buildings of the era of Nero.

Roman forum

With one ticket, you can visit three ancient sights of Rome at once, which are located in the historical center of the city: Palatine Hill, the Roman Forum and the Colosseum.

Roman Forum - the former business and political center of Ancient Rome. The view of the Roman Forum opens especially brightly from the observation deck located nearby.

• The main attractions of the Roman Forum:
• Arch of Titus (Arco di Tito);
• Arch of Settim Severo (Arco Settimo Severo) or Septimius Severus;
• Basilica Julia;
• Temple of Venus Ancestor;
• Temple of the Goddess Vesta
• Temple of Concord;
• Temple of Saturn
• Arch of Constantine.

Temple of Saturn(497 BC) is considered the most impressive landmark of the Roman Forum. Its majestic columns and fragments that have come down to posterity are attributed to buildings of the 3rd century BC.

Saturn is a mythical god who glorifies the equality of people without estates. Some scholars believe that the custom of giving Christmas gifts under the tree comes from the Roman Saturnalia (holidays in honor of Saturn).

Arch of Constantine rises on the Palatine Hill on the conditional border between the Colosseum and the Roman Forum.

The Arch of Constantine is a three-span arched structure, with the most impressive central span and two arches on the sides, decorated with an attica. It is the last and largest of the three Roman imperial arches that have survived to this day, including the Arch of Titus and the Arch of Settim Severus (21 meters high, 26 meters wide, walls more than 7.3 meters thick).

An interesting fact is that the Triumphal Arch of Constantine is the only one that was built in 315 as a result of the victory of Emperor Constantine in the civil war in the battle on October 28, 312 at the Milvio Bridge over the commander Maxentius, who was trying to seize power and declared himself emperor of Western Rome.

The Arch of Constantine is made of white stone and marble blocks, and it rests on 8 Corinthian columns of yellowish marble (4 on each side). In the decoration of its attic (a rectangular superstructure over the spans), the Romans used decorations taken from other more ancient monuments: reliefs from the time of Marcus Aurelius and 8 marble statues of the Dacian barbarians from Trajan's Forum. From the era of Hadrian, the Arch of Constantine inherited 8 medallions with scenes of hunting and sacrifices, which crown the side vaults of two arched spans.

During the reign of Emperor Constantine, new decorations were created on the arch: a relief frieze with illustrations of Constantine's military campaign against Maxentius, as well as the deities of the Moon and the Sun on chariots. The Goddess of Victory Victoria is imprinted on the vault of the central arch and the bases of the columns.

The Arch of Constantine is located near St. Gregory Street near the metro station line B (Colosseo).

Arch of Septimius Severus erected in 203 AD in honor of the emperor of ancient Rome Septimius Severus and his sons Geta and Caracalla.

This massive three-bay arched structure, 23 meters wide, is the second largest memorial arch after the Triumphal Arch of Constantine. The attic is decorated with inscriptions and bas-reliefs with exploits and victories in the wars of Septimius Severus with desks and Arabs. The bases of the four columns on the facade of the arch are images of captive barbarians.

Arch of Septimius Severus (Arco Settimo Severo) in the Roman Forum.

Castel Sant'Angelo in Rome

On the picturesque coast the Tiber River in Rome rises majestic bulk. Spend your holidays in Rome and immerse yourself in its mysteries!