The third largest city (50 thousand inhabitants) and the second largest city of Pridnestrovie is Rybnitsa, 130 kilometers away from Tiraspol. Even historically: as already mentioned, the PMR consists of two halves - "Novorossiysk" and "Podolsk", and if Tiraspol is the center of the first, then Rybnitsa is the second. Before the revolution, it was a large Jewish town in the Balta district, since 1925 - an urban-type settlement, since 1938 - a city, but the turning point in the life of Rybnitsa was 1984, when the Moldavian Metallurgical Plant was launched. It is small, 5-10 times smaller than any of the main metallurgical plants in Russia, but it is enough for tiny Transnistria: Rybnitsa accounts for 52% of budget revenues and 65% of the republic's exports. There are other factories here, and interesting late Soviet architecture - Rybnitsa is unlike other industrial giants. Special thanks to Alexander for the tour of Rybnitsa bes_arab , without which I would at most take a little walk in the center.

From the site we drove along the bypass, stumbling somewhere on the outskirts, in cottage village, on such a strange monument. Who and in honor of what put it - did not even know the connoisseur of Rybnitsa bes_arab . I didn't know then, now I know - UPD: " Dima Krivoruchenko, a race car driver, crashed at this place in 2008 (every year in May, in Tiraspol, car races at the airport in Tiraspol are dedicated to his memory). His father promised to make something like a square in this place .. Memorable and at the same time useful to the city, because. earlier there was an overgrown wasteland in this place. Here I did".

I don’t even know what puzzles more - an angel on top or this composition 20-30 centimeters high. Haven't seen this anywhere else.

Behind our back was Railway, along which the lineman wandered, looking thoughtfully in our direction. We went further along the bypass:

Because the MMZ is best seen from the bypass:

The phrase "Moldovan Metallurgical Plant" itself sounds like an oxymoron to me - well, something like the Norilsk Champagne Factory or the Pevek Riviera, if they existed. However, after all, if he were in the Odessa or Vinnitsa region, he would not be at all surprised. Among the metallurgical plants of the Soviet Union, MMZ is one of the three "last wave" of the 1980s - together with the Belarusian Zhlobin and the Far East Komsomolsk-on-Amur: electrometallurgical plants operating on scrap metal were supposed to cover local needs, moreover, Western Ukraine was also successfully located between BMZ and MMZ , which does not have its own metallurgy. As already mentioned, the capacity of the Moldavian Metallurgical Plant is not so great - up to a million tons of steel per year, while, as follows from the official website of the plant, the figures change very much, up to 3.5 times, from year to year. Now the plant is in decline, and yet, without it, Pridnestrovie would hardly have kept afloat. Outwardly, the MMZ, as befits a metallurgical plant, is huge and gloomy.

At the high-rise of the plant management, popularly known as the Pentagon, we turned into the city. Half a kilometer from the steel plant there is an elevator, and at its gate are the ruins of a bunker:

As I understand it, this is a legacy of the 1930s, of everything that is called the "Stalin line" and is being intensively restored in Belarus and Ukraine. Moreover, it is not the only one in Rybnitsa:

The pillbox is located on Kirova Street, which leads straight from here to the city center - although we originally planned to see Rybnitsa on the way back, the cold and fog exhausted us very quickly, and we went to the center to look for a cafe. Victory Square with the administration (to the left of the frame, I didn’t even notice it), the House of Culture and Lenin. Lenin's pose is somehow very cunning, he is clearly plotting something ... Isn't it a revolution, by the hour?

DC has a very nice mosaic. All this is clearly the 1960s, when the city took off with the construction of a cement plant:

At the beginning of the Walk of Fame is the dual Marx Engels:

And the building of the printing house - according to Alexander, pre-war, that is - constructivist. I would venture to suggest that this is the administration of the then urban-type settlement Rybnitsa in the late 1920s, most likely oldest building downtown:

And just in the panel, thoroughly Brezhnev Rybnitsa, this district looks almost like a German altstadt:

Also, according to Alexander, the best sushi restaurant in all of Pridnestrovie is located in this area. Indeed, where else would he be, no matter how in a city with that name? Yes, and in principle, in the central part of Rybnitsa it is very cozy and pretty, but all the same, they will accuse me of slandering for a photo of the industrial outskirts ... However, in working-class cities it is always like this - it is impossible to write about them without offending at least half of the inhabitants: if you show industrial and destroy - I denigrate it, if you show civilian areas - I hush it up, but if you show both, I denigrate and hush it up at the same time (at the choice of each particular reader).

We drove along Kirov Street to the edge of the slope:

I think this is a great triptych! West, Russia and Soviet Union on one spot!

Down the slope - a stone on the site of the future memorial to the defenders of Pridnestrovie. The high-rise buildings of Valchenko against the backdrop of mountains and, again, the high-rise buildings of Rezina:

Nobody is forgotten in the church, nothing is forgotten in the cathedral:

In the courtyard of the church - either just figurines of saints, or even a calvarium - a "model" of the way of the cross for Holy Week and religious processions:

According to Alexander, this is a church of some Protestant denomination, but it looks more like some kind of building at the church:

And you can shoot amazing scenes in the courtyard of two temples. Let's say a cross and a star:

Two Saviors:

Crosses and antennas. The cross is also an anna to some extent:

Cross and plant. More precisely, the Pridnestrovian cross and the Moldovan plant, cement has been produced in Rezina since 1985:

From here, in several zigzags along impressive interchanges, we drove off to Valchenko, almost immediately behind which there is a railway station. As in Bender, passenger trains they don’t go here - the station is the directorate and ticket offices:

Although the railway has been here since 1893, it runs from west to east, that is, there is nowhere to go along the PMR, and the products of local factories are exported mainly in the direction of Russia and the port of Odessa. Therefore, the bridge to Rezina has not been working for many years - although it is guarded by machine gunners, Alexander did not advise stopping here:

We are already quite on the outskirts. The first city-forming enterprise of Rybnitsa is a sugar-alcohol plant, founded in 1898 and having the first power plant in Moldova and the PMR. I suspect that this is generally the oldest plant in Transnistria ... but since 2003 it has not been working. Some of its workshops are pre-revolutionary, and are the oldest buildings in Rybnitsa.

But we didn’t stop here for this - even from the bridge I spotted a ship thrown across the Dniester cable car, here known as the "industrial funicular":

It once connected Rezina's careers with the Rybnitsa cement plant and stretched for 3-4 kilometers. In the world, such things are not uncommon - it is much more profitable to deliver raw materials from a quarry to a plant than by cars or wagons, and in far abroad I have heard about cable cars tens of kilometers long. But I had only seen this once before: in Bashkiria, and that cable car was still working.

Here - silence and oblivion. Despite the fact that cement factory works properly, spewing dense white dust into the sky - the cable car was killed first of all by the collapse of Moldova into one and a half states:

In Kyrgyzstan-Tajikistan, there was once an international Sulukta narrow-gauge railway, and here there is an international industrial cable car. Near the water, as you can see, there is another bunker:

Surreal spectacle:

View of the Dniester from the bunker:

Already when I was leaving, I noticed that the same lineman was wandering dejectedly along the tracks ...

And I apologize for the quality of the photos - the weather ... But as soon as we left Rybnitsa, the clouds and fog dispersed and the bright Sun came out.
In the next part we go to Rashkovo - almost the most beautiful places Transnistria.

rybnitsa rybnitsa, rybnitsa transdniestria
Rybnitsa(Mold. Rîbniţa, Rybnitsa, Ukrainian Ribnitsa) is a city in Transnistria on the left bank of the Dniester River, 110 km from Chisinau and 120 km from Tiraspol. Railroad station. The administrative center of the Rybnitsa region of the unrecognized Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic.

• 1. History
• 2 Economy
• 3 Population
• 4 Transport
• 5 Social sector
  • 5.1 Nearby attractions
• 6 Personalities
• 7 Honorary citizens
• 8 Twin cities
• 9 Notes
• 10 Topographic maps
• 11 Links

Story

The first information about the settlement on the territory of the city dates back to the first half of the 15th century. One of the first mentions of Rybnitsa dates back to 1628, when it was marked as a settlement on the map of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland. There are several versions about the origin of the city's name. According to one of them, it comes from the name of the Dry Rybnitsa river of the same name, at the mouth of which, at the confluence with the Dniester, the settlement was founded. According to the second - it is named after the boyar Rydvan, who, having risen to the rank of colonel among the Turks, "remembering the fat pork of his places" - decides to flee to the left bank of the Dniester, under the arm of the Polish king. Soon a wooden fortress was built and a settlement called Rydvanets appeared. This fact is mentioned in the book of the Turkish traveler Evliya Celebi, who visited these parts with the army in 1656-1657.

Local residents bred fish in blocked reservoirs along the Rybnitsa River. One pond was located in the Pushkin area, the second - on Zarechnaya, and the third - in the recreation area. They alternately released water, collected fish and sold it to visiting merchants. This is how the merchants quietly renamed Rydvanets into Rybnitsa. This settlement was part of the Polish kingdom.

In 1793, as a result of the second division of the Commonwealth, this territory was transferred to Russia, and from 1797 until the October Revolution, Rybnitsa was part of the Molokish volost of the Baltsky district of the Podolsk province. At the end of the 19th century, a railway was built through the city. Since 1893, regular navigation has been established on the Dniester. In 1898, the first sugar factory in the Podolsk province was built with the first electric generator set in the region.

In 1924, Rybnitsa became an urban-type settlement and regional center Moldavian ASSR. In 1926, 9.4 thousand inhabitants lived in the city (38.0% - Jews, 33.8% - Ukrainians, 16.0% - Moldavians). 1938 Rybnitsa acquires the status of a city. In 1941-42, the remaining Jewish population of Rybnitsa was brutally tortured by the Romanian and German invaders. A memorial sign was erected at the place of executions of 500 Rybnitsa residents.

On December 19, 1962, the city of Rybnitsa was classified as a city of republican subordination of the Moldavian SSR. In 1991, the status was lost.

During the existence of the MSSR in the city there were factories: sugar-alcohol, wine-making, bakery products, cement-slate, metallurgical, etc., factories: reinforced concrete structures and building parts, pumping, butter-making, etc., knitwear and linen factory. The population in 1975 was 39.9 thousand inhabitants, and in 1991 - already 62.9 thousand people. By 2005, the population had grown to 67.3 thousand people.

Economy

View of Rybnitsa

Rybnitsa has an advantageous transport geographical position. The city is located on the left bank of the Dniester and is separated from the river by a concrete dam. Near the city there is a large reservoir. The surrounding area has significant reserves of minerals - raw materials for the production of building materials.

Rybnitsa is a large manufacturing and industrial center. 408 enterprises operate in the city, of which 64 are state-owned, 43 are municipal, 254 are limited liability companies and private firms. The oldest (1898) sugar factory in Transnistria and Moldova is also located here (although there is little left of it, the sugar factory is in complete decline and has not been operating since 2003), a distillery, a metallurgical and cement-slate plants - two all-Union construction projects, a centrifugal pump plant . After the construction of the reservoir and the flooding of the lower part of the city, the center was redeveloped, and now the city is dominated by high-rise buildings. There is a pier and railroad station. A recreation area has been located near the reservoir since 1955.

Rybnitsa from Rezina. 2010

The Moldavian metallurgical plant was put into operation in 1985, now it produces 1 million tons of steel and 1 million rolled products per year, 3,000 people work here. The plant was awarded the Diamond and Gold Stars for product quality. The production volume of the plant is about 276 million dollars (52% of the total production of the PMR and 65% of exports), its share in the budget of the PMR is 15.5% (22.2 million dollars).

The volume of production of all other enterprises of the city is about 10 million dollars, or together with MMZ - 286 million dollars (54% of the production of the PMR).

For comparison: Tiraspol - 177 million dollars (33.5%), Bendery - 43 million dollars (8%)

Population

The population of the city as of January 1, 2014 was 47,949 inhabitants, in 2010 - 50.1 thousand people.

The national composition of the city (according to the 2004 census):

People	qty, people	% from Total	% from indicating- shih
Ukrainians	24898	46,41 %	50,10 %
Russians	11738	21,88 %	23,62 %
Moldovans	11235	20,94 %	22,61 %
Poles	500	0,93 %	1,01 %
Belarusians	328	0,61 %	0,66 %
Bulgarians	220	0,41 %	0,44 %
Jews	166	0,31 %	0,33 %
Germans	106	0,20 %	0,21 %
Gagauz	96	0,18 %	0,19 %
other	571	1,06 %	1,15 %
indicated	49693	92,63 %	100,00 %
did not indicate	3955	7,37 %
Total	53648	100,00 %

Transport

bus station

The main mode of transport is automobile. There is also a railway.

There was a cargo cable car across the Dniester, connecting Rybnitsa with the Moldovan village of Chorna. The road was dismantled in September 2014.

social sector

In the field of education, there are 12 schools, 1 educational institution of primary and secondary vocational education (GOU SPO "Rybnitsa Polytechnic College") and 3 higher educational institutions, including: a branch of the Pridnestrovian State University named after. T. G. Shevchenko, a branch of the North-Western Correspondence Technical University in St. Petersburg (closed) and the Consulting Point of the Tiraspol branch of the Moscow Academy of Economics and Law.

The development of physical culture and sports is provided by 4 youth sports schools, 150 sports facilities, including 37 sports halls, 2 swimming pools and 92 flat sports facilities.

Three Russian-language city newspapers are published in Rybnitsa - the official Novosti (circulation 2,500 copies), independent Good Day and Good Evening (circulation - 6,500 copies each). The republican newspaper "Homin" in Ukrainian is also published here (circulation - 2,000 copies).

There are 2 hotels in the city: "Tiras" with 250 beds and "Metallurg" with 50 beds, many restaurants and cafes. in the lower part of the city on the banks of the Dniester there is a sanatorium-dispensary MMZ.

Memorial of Military Glory. In the background on the right is Mikhailo-Arkhangelsky Cathedral

In 1975, the Military Glory Memorial, 24 meters high, was built (the author of the project was V. Mednek). Two paired reinforced concrete pylons are lined with white marble, at the foot, on 12 granite slabs, the names of the liberators of the city and the region are carved (restored in 2010). The Nazis killed 2,700 Soviet soldiers in a prisoner of war camp, in May-June 1943, about 3,000 Ukrainian fishermen were evicted near Ochakov, about 3,000 people died of typhus in the Jewish ghetto, and more than 4,000 fishermen fell on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War - these are the losses of a small Transnistrian city .

The main current attraction of the city was the Michael the Archangel Cathedral - the largest in Transnistria and Moldova, it was built for about 15 years and opened on November 21, 2006. The bells are placed on the third tier, in the center is a large bell "Blagovest" weighing 100 pounds, around it there are 10 more bells, the smallest of which weighs only 4 kg. The bells for the cathedral belfry were cast in the Moscow Joint Stock Company "Litex".

In addition to the Michael-Arkhangelsk Cathedral itself, which can simultaneously accommodate about 2 thousand parishioners, on the territory temple complex a large, 3-storey parish house will be built, which will house a library, a dining room, a parish school and the rector's chambers.

Nearby Attractions

Customs post on the bridge across the Dniester between Rybnitsa and Rezina Kalaur Gorge in Rashkovo

After the victory of the Lithuanian prince Olgerd on the Sinyukha river, Podolia was given to his nephew Fyodor Koriatovich. He ordered to build the castle of Kalaur over a narrow gorge around the turn of the river, on the border of Lithuania and Moldova, which was completely ready by the end of the 14th century. During the marriage of the son of B. Khmelnitsky - Timosh and the daughter of the Moldavian ruler V. Lupu - Ruksanda, the newlyweds receive this castle as a gift from B. Khmelnitsky, but, unfortunately, it has not survived to this day. The ancient church of St. Cayetana in Rashkov, built in 1749 (baroque) by the Polish magnate Stanisław Lubomirski (1704-93). The two towers are decorated with Ionic and Tuscan order pilasters. Art. Lubomirsky became the governor of Bratslav in 1764, Shargorod was his residence, but many palaces belong to Lubomirsky throughout Poland (Warsaw, Rzeszow, Przemysl). The treasures of Tatar silver and Swedish coins found here, as well as the ruins of a huge synagogue with a secret staircase in the wall, tell about the former glory of Rashkov in the Middle Ages.

Nature Reserve and Trinity Monastery in Saharna Main article: Saharna

The nature reserve "Saharna" is located on the right bank of the Dniester, 10 km from the city, includes a gorge 5 km long and 170 meters deep, many springs and a forest area dominated by oak, hornbeam, acacia with an area of ​​670 hectares. The Saharna stream forms 22 waterfalls on its way, the largest of which falls from a height of four meters. Steep slopes are cut by ravines, and in the early morning the gorge is wrapped in fog and, as the legend says, a person can disappear into it forever...

The Trinity Monastery (1776) hid in a gorge and is located, as it were, in a large shell. At the beginning of the 13th century, the Annunciation Church was carved into a 15-meter rock, in which hermit monks lived and now there are the relics of St. Macarius. in the upper courtyard in 1821 the summer Trinity Church was built - in the interior there is an impressive dome on a high drum, the interior space is opened up with great energy. And where the foot of the Virgin Mary once stepped, and her imprint remained, now a chapel has been built.

Assumption rock monastery in Tsypovo Main article: Tsypovo

Carved into a giant cliff, this is the most significant of the rock complexes, located 20 km south of Rybnitsa on the right bank of the Dniester. The middle part of the monastery was carved in the Middle Ages and had a system of protective passages; a narrow path over the abyss led to small cells, protecting the inhabitants from dashing newcomers. The caves were cut down from trees growing nearby, and when the trees were cut down, the entrance to the caves was possible only by rope ladders, which, in case of danger, went up. At the end of the 18th century, the threat of raids passed, the approaches were improved, the cells were expanded and a church building was created. “Entirely hidden in the rock, the monastery from the Dniester looks whitening in the middle of the mountain with an array of limestone with dark window openings. it is different at different times of the day: it is unusually picturesque in the morning, when the facade, colored by sunrise, from a height of fifty meters echoes its counterpart in the river surface. Graphically clearly drawn in the rays of the midday sun, marked by sharp shadows from overhanging blocks of stone. It is poetic in the evening, when mysteriously faded, barely distinguishable on a shaded mountain, along with it, an indistinct reflection falls into the waters of the Dniester. (D. Goberman)

Personalities

• Rybnitsa Rebbe Chaim-Zanvl Abramovich, Hasidic tzaddik, rabbi of Rybnitsa.
• Meir Argov (Grabovsky), Israeli politician, one of the 37 signatories of the country's Declaration of Independence.
• Pavel Yakovlevich Zaltsman, film artist, painter, writer; Between 1917 and 1925 he lived intermittently in Rybnitsa.
• David Alexandrovich Zelvensky, military historian.
• Yitzhak Yitzhaki (Lishovsky), Israeli politician of a socialist persuasion, member of the Knesset.
• Valery Kabak, professor of Balti State University. Alec Russo.
• Victor Ivanovich Komlyakov, Moldavian chess player, grandmaster.
• Alexander Semyonovich Markus, Moldavian mathematician.
• Israel Aronovich Feldman, Moldavian mathematician.
• Semyon Isaakovich Shvartsburd, Soviet mathematician-teacher, founder of specialized physics and mathematics schools.
• Arnold Petrovich Shvartsman, Ukrainian Soviet mathematician, head of the department of theoretical mechanics of the hydraulic engineering faculty of the Odessa Institute of Marine Engineers, was born in 1903 in Rybnitsa.

honorary citizens

According to the official site. Updated August 2, 2014

• Babarykin, Viktor Nikolaevich
• Kamyshnikov, Pyotr Ivanovich
• Kozlova, Nadezhda Gerasimovna
• Fomin, Anatoly Pavlovich
• Yablonsky, Ivan Antonovich
• Bondarevskaya, Natalya Danilovna
• Broznitsky, Nikolai Ivanovich
• Klishchevsky, Zakhar Avdeevich
• Korsak, Mikhail Mikhailovich
• Mamaliga, Ivan Alekseevich
• Marchenko, Nina Petrovna
• Popov, Nikodim Khrisantovich
• Shurpa Andrey Avksentevich
• Chernenko, Ivan Petrovich
• Chebotar, Efim Karpovich
• Goncharuk, Boris Ivanovich
• Tereshin, Yuri Pavlovich
• Vlasyuk, Efim Alekseevich
• Belitchenko, Anatoly Konstantinovich
• Palagnyuk, Boris Timofeevich
• Gonchar, Vladimir Alexandrovich
• Klementiev, Vasily Alexandrovich
• Platonov, Yuri Mikhailovich
• Serdtsev, Nikolai I.
• Zheltov, Mikhail Mikhailovich

twin cities

• Vinnitsa (Ukraine)
• Naked Pier (Ukraine)
• Dmitrov (Russia)

Notes

1. This settlement is located in the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic. According to the administrative-territorial division of Moldova, most of the territory controlled by the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic is part of Moldova as administrative-territorial units on the left bank of the Dniester, the other part is part of Moldova as the municipality of Bendery. The declared territory of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, controlled by Moldova, is located on the territory of the Dubossary, Caushansky and Novoanensky regions of Moldova. In fact, the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic is an unrecognized state, most of the declared territory of which is not controlled by Moldova.
2. 1 2 State Statistical Service of the PMR: Socio-economic development of the PMR in 2013 (final data)
3. Decree of the President of the PMR No. 420 "On the appointment of the head of the state administration of the Rybnitsa region and the city of Rybnitsa"
4. National composition of the PMR population according to the 2004 census
5. EMERCOM of Russia and the cable car in Rybnitsa
6. History reference(Russian). Retrieved May 29, 2013. Archived from the original on May 29, 2013.

Topographic maps

• Map sheet L-35-10. Scale: 1: 100,000. State of the area in 1986. Edition 1988
• Map sheet L-35-11 Slobodka. Scale: 1: 100,000. State of the area in 1984. Edition 1987

Links

• Official website of the Rybnitsa City and District Council of People's Deputies
• Official website of the State Administration of the city of Rybnitsa and the Rybnitsa region
• Information and entertainment portal of the city of Rybnitsa
• Unofficial site of the city
• Website of the Rybnitsa branch of the Pridnestrovian State University. T. G. Shevchenko
• map of Rybnitsa and surroundings
• website of the Enigma cinema in Rybnitsa

Cities of Moldova
Balti | Benders 1 | Bessarabka | Biruintsa | Briceni | Bykovets | Vadul lui Voda | Vatra | Vulcanesti | Gindeshti | Glodyany | Grigoriopol 1 | Dnestrovsk 1 | Donduseni | Drochia | Dubossary 1 | Durlesti | Edinet | Cahul | Cainari | Calarasi | Kamenka 1 | Cantemir | Causeni | Chisinau | Codru | Comrat | Costesti | Red 1 | Cricova | Criuleni | Korneshty | Cupcini | Leova | Lipcany | Marculesti | Lighthouse 1 | Nisporeni | Novotiraspolskiy 1 | New Anens | Ocnita | Orhei | Otachi | Rubber | Riscani | 1 | Slobodzeya 1 | Magpies | Scary | Singera | Singerei | Taraclia | Tvarditsa | Teleneshti | Tiraspol 1 | Ungen | Falesti | Floresti | Frunze | Hincesti | Ceadir-Lunga | Cimislia | Soldanesti | Stefan Voda | Ialoveni | Yargara
1 The settlement is controlled by the unrecognized Transnistrian Moldavian Republic.

Settlements on the Dniester
Ukraine Lviv region Volch'e Zhukotin Berezhok Limna Dnestrik Golovetskoye Gvozdets Arrows Verkhny Luzhok Busovisko Spas Tershev Zavodka Old Sambir Sambor Ralevka Kruzhiki Kornalovichi Pride Chaikovichi Podoltsy Susolov Bridges Polyana Monastery Povergov Tershakov Lipitsy Kolodruby Mouth Drogovizh Rozvadov Nadetychi Krupskoye Kievets Berezina Demyanka-Nadnestrovskaya Poddnistryany Kamennoe Borodchitsy Bukovina Goleshov Lapshin Zhuravno Ivano-Frankivsk region Tsvetovy Luka Tenetniki Novy Martynov Stary Martynov Moshkovtsy Rizdvyany Perlovtsy Nemshin Transnistria Island Zalukva Galich Kozina Dubovtsy Coast of Marijampol Dolgoe-Kalushskoe Bukovna Petrilov Golden Linden Dibrova Smerklov Kutishche Odaev Budzin Meadow Mostishche Deleva Valley Sokirchy Monastirok Podverbtsy Luka Rakovets Unizh Kunisovtsy Khmeleva Gorodnitsa Ternopil region Mouth-Zelenoye Luka Vistrya Goriglyady Koropets Stygla Wall Kosmirin Vozilov Nikolaevka Gubin Lityachi Ustechka Ivane-Zolotoe Peredivanie Pechorna Zalishchyky Gorodok Vinogradnoye Zozulintsi Sinkov Kolodrobka Mouth Samushin Goroshova Khudykovtsy Olkhovets Dniester Dzvenigorod Belovtsy Trenches Chernivtsi region Kostrizhevka Zvenyachin Repuzhintsy Kulevtsy Vasilev Doroshovtsy Brodok Mytkov Mosorovka Onut Perebykovtsy Rukhotin Rashkov Gordovtsy Suburb Ataki Khotyn Anadoly Oselevka Bernovo Moshanets Konovka Voronovitsa Makarovka Nagoryany Grushevtsi Babin Dnestrovka Rogozna Komarov Korman Kuleshovka Mikhalkovo Neporotovo Novodnestrovsk Ozhevo Vasilevka Voloshkove Khmelnitsky region Isakovtsy Zhvanets Braga Babshin Grinchuk Malinovtsy Kavetchina Sokol Mouth of Velikaya Slobodka Demshin Subich Kolodievka Goraevka Pyzhovka Rudkovtsy Vinnytsia region Naddnestrianskoye Bernashovka Lipchany Kozlov Nagoryany Lyadova Flint Silver Nemium Mogilev-Podolsky Odai Kryshtofovka Sadkovtsy Subbotovka Yaruga Mikhailovka Oksanovka Yampol Rapids Frankovka Ivankov Tsekinovka Velyka Kosnica Odessa region Lighthouses Belgorod-Dnestrovsky Shabo Calaglia Roksolany Zatoka
Moldova Moldova Verezhen Mereshovka Volchinets Otachi Ungri Arioneshty Rud Novaya Tatarovka Yarovo Oklanda Goloshnitsa Iorzhnitsa Kosoutsy Yegorovka Magpie Zastynka Trifaucy Vasilkovo Slobozia-Verenkeu Voronkovo ​​Nemirovka Cherlina Zalucheny Tyrgul-Vertyuzhen Vertyuzheny Napadovo Senateuka Zhabka Kot Lower Klimautsy Vadul-Rashkov Poyana Tarasovo Rubber Bučushka Lalovo Lopatna Upper Zhora Lower Zhora Vyshkautsy Oksentya Rogi Molovat Molovata Noue Markauti Cholercani Kochieri Usti Korzhova Criuleni Slobozia-Dushka Koshnitsa Onitscani Vadul lui Voda Pyryta Delakeu Puhechen Sherpen Speya Telitsa Gura-Bicului Varnitsa Merenesti Talmaz Raskaetsi Purkari Olanesti Krokmaz Tudorovo Palanka
Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic*
*Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic is an unrecognized state Bold cities are highlighted

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Rybnitsa Information About

AT modern world there are not so few unrecognized or partially Transnistria. It is a tiny country with an undetermined status, located in the southeastern part of Europe. This article will help you find out which cities belong to Pridnestrovie, as well as tell you a lot of interesting information about them.

Transnistria: a brief essay on the unrecognized state

Transnistria (officially abbreviated - PMR) is a narrow strip of land between the Dniester and the territory of Ukraine. De jure, these territories belong to Moldova. De facto, there is a self-governing republic, but not recognized by the world community, which declared its independence in 1990. Today the situation with the Transnistrian region is classified in the European politicum as a "frozen conflict".

The area of ​​modern Transnistria is tiny even in comparison with miniature Moldova (slightly more than 4000 sq. km). About 500 thousand people live within the republic (about 70% of this number live in cities). The ethnic structure of the population is dominated by three peoples: Moldovans, Ukrainians and Russians.

As a legacy from the Soviet economy, the PMR received a number of large industrial enterprises. Among them are the Moldavian State District Power Plant, a metallurgical and textile plant, and a cognac factory. Major cities of Transnistria actively trade with the European Union. True, all products manufactured in the republic are marked with the Made in Moldova sign.

In conclusion of our short story about Transnistria, a few interesting facts about this territorial entity:

• The PMR is the only country in the world whose flag and coat of arms depict the main Soviet attributes (hammer, sickle and five-pointed star);
• in Transnistria there are embassies of two other unrecognized states - Abkhazia and South Ossetia;
• the cities of Transnistria are distinguished by neatness, grooming and cleanliness, which is often compared with Belarusian;
• in the Transnistrian city of Bendery died here in 1710, another Ukrainian hetman presented the public with the first constitution in Europe;
• two largest cities the republics (Bendery and Tiraspol) are connected by one of the few intercity trolleybus lines in Europe with a length of 13 kilometers;
• in Transnistria there are offices of the political party "United Russia";
• the Transnistrian ruble in 2012-2015 was recognized as the strongest currency in the post-Soviet space.

History of one war

The collapse of the USSR intensified separatist movements and with renewed vigor ignited a number of conflicts in different parts of the vast empire. One of these hot spots was the left bank of the Dniester.

In the early 1990s, the conflict between the newly minted Moldovan authorities and the Transnistrian nomenclature elite escalated significantly. Pridnestrovians did not want to be part of Moldova, fearing rapprochement with Romania.

The conflict entered the phase of open military confrontation in the spring of 1992. In March, Moldova decided to restore its power over the rebellious left bank of the Dniester by force. However, units of the 14th Russian Army, as well as guardsmen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, acted on the side of the Pridnestrovians. Therefore, the Moldovans failed to establish control over Transnistria, and the Dniester River very quickly turned into a front line.

The culmination of this war was the battle for the city of Bendery. In July 1992, Pridnestrovian armed detachments, supported by Russian tanks, crossed the Dniester and entrenched themselves in Bendery. A real massacre began on the streets of the city, claiming the lives of 600 people. After this battle, the parties began to look for ways to peacefully resolve the conflict and, finally, signed a peace agreement in Moscow.

Overall, about 1,200 people died in the Transnistrian conflict.

Cities of Transnistria

Administratively, the territory of the PMR is divided into 5 districts. Within the unrecognized state, there are 8 cities (they are listed from north to south):

• Kamenka;
• Rybnitsa;
• Dubossary;
• Grigoriopol;
• capital Tiraspol;
• Bendery;
• Slobodzeya;
• border town of Dnestrovsk.

Transnistria also hosts a number of disputed and dual status territories. These include several villages (Koshnitsa, Pyryta, Dorotskoe, etc.), the Varnitsa microdistrict in Bendery and the village of Korzhevo in Dubossary.

Almost the capital - the city of Tiraspol

Pridnestrovie, like any other country in the world, has its own capital. This is the city of Tiraspol. Although it is very difficult for a person from the post-Soviet space to imagine a capital with a population of 130 thousand people. Nevertheless, the "capital" is felt here. The quiet, provincial streets of Tiraspol are distinguished by a certain solidity, and in massive public buildings one can feel the “spirit of power”, although not recognized by anyone.

Tiraspol houses the government and parliament of the PMR. In addition, the city is an important historical and cultural center not only Transnistria, but the whole of Moldova.

From the Greek language, the name Tiraspol is translated very simply and clearly - “the city on the Dniester”. It really is located on the left bank of the largest Eastern European river, just six kilometers from the border with Ukraine. The city was founded in 1792. It was at this time, on the orders of Suvorov, that the construction of the fortress began here. In 1806, Tiraspol became a county center within the Kherson province, and between the two world wars, it managed to visit the center of the Moldavian ASSR.

Modern Tiraspol is quite pleasant. Its center pleases with cleanliness, tidiness, wide sidewalks, neat flower beds and a large number of rare (Soviet) artifacts.

There are few tourist attractions in the capital of the PMR. These can include old fortress(end of the 18th century), the Cathedral of the Nativity of Christ (2000), the chic and pompous House of Soviets, built in the 50s. In addition, tourists in Tiraspol like to visit the modern Sheriff sports complex, which occupies a huge area of ​​65 hectares.

Bender is the most touristic city in Transnistria

Very few cities of Pridnestrovie can boast of constant visits by tourists from near and far abroad. Bender is one of those. If travelers decide to go to the PMR, then they definitely visit this city.

The city of Bender is the second in size and population in the republic. And the first in the number of historical and architectural monuments. In the city center there are many beautiful buildings XIX-XX centuries. But the main tourist attraction in Bendery is the ancient and well-preserved Turkish fortress. By the way, part of the citadel is still occupied by an active military unit.

Along with traditional architectural monuments there are quite a few "monuments" of the 1992 war in Bendery. For example, they decided not to restore the walls of the city hall, beaten by fragments of shells. Traces of the war can still be seen on its facades.

Rybnitsa - the industrial center of Transnistria

In the north of the unrecognized country, surrounded by the picturesque hills of the Podolsk Upland, the city of Rybnitsa is located. Pridnestrovie owes much to this city with its powerful industrial complex. Rybnitsa provides about half of the PMR's budget revenues, as well as about 60% of the republic's exports. More than 400 different enterprises operate here.

From the point of view of tourism, the city is not very remarkable. Among the local attractions are the large-scale Victory Memorial, the Cathedral of the Archangel Michael (the largest in the PMR), as well as the magnificent (according to historical value) cemetery. Another highlight of Rybnitsa can be called an abandoned cable car (industrial purpose), spectacularly hovering over the Dniester.

Kamenka - a resort pearl of Transnistria

If the rank tourist mecca republic rightfully belongs to Bendery, then the city of Kamenka can safely be called the "recreational capital" of the unrecognized state. Transnistria can really boast of a pretty good resort, which has been known since the 1870s. The city of Kamenka is located in the extreme north of the PMR, at the confluence of the river of the same name with the Dniester. Unique natural and climatic conditions have been formed here: a rocky, almost mountain range reliably shelters the city from cold winds, providing the Pridnestrovian resort with long summers and rather mild winters.

Only 9 thousand people live in Kamenka. The foundation of the local economy is agriculture and resorts. The most famous in the republic sanatorium "Dnestr" operates in the city, designed for the simultaneous improvement of 450 people. Kamenka is also famous for its fragrant and very tasty grapes and, accordingly, excellent wine.

Dnestrovsk - the energy heart of the republic

The city of Dnestrovsk is located in the extreme south of the PMR, in close proximity to the Ukrainian border. It is here that the largest power plant in the republic is located. The electricity generated here is even exported (to Moldova and Ukraine).

By chance, the Moldavskaya GRES in 1964 was built on the left bank of the river. If this had not happened, the economic independence of the unrecognized republic would now be in question. Today, about 10 thousand people live in the city. Most of the population of Dnestrovsk works at the local power plant.

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Display objects in the Rybnitsa region.

with. Vyhvatintsy

1. Paleolithic Grotto 350 BC - The oldest site of primitive man on the territory of the PMR, one of the few sites in Eastern Europe of this period.
2. Parking lot (grotto) Vermitka I. Paleolithic.
3. Site Vermitka III. Paleolithic.
4. Tripoli. Memorial sign in the area of ​​the burial ground. – A monument to one of the most prominent cultures of the Ancient World.
5. Tripoli. Settlement - A monument to one of the most prominent cultures of the Ancient World.
6. Maftei's ravine (area 70 hectares) - a cluster of tools of labor of a man of the Stone Age.
7. The building of the music school. G. Rubinstein. Year of construction 1901 (In 1829, a Russian composer was born in the village of Vykhvatintsy, in 1901 a music school was built, in 1979 a museum was opened.
8. Bust of the composer A.G. Rubinshtein. Year of creation 1972.

with. builders

1. Tower of the Winds
2. The mill is a monument of the 19th century, one of the most advanced structures of that period. Equipment from Switzerland.
3. Observation gazebo - built in 1908 by Vakar Zakhary.
4. Church - was built in 1829 at the expense of P.Kh. Wittgenstein.
5. Vineyards on terraces. Built by the Trubetskoys in the middle of the 19th century.
6. Mass grave. Monument to those who died in WWII.
7. Geta settlement. II-IV centuries. BC.
8. “Stroenets Yar”, 1200 ha (from the village of Yantarnoye to the village of Belochi), karst funnel, waterfalls, streams, rocks of the peripheral part of reef formations made of limestones of various colors, springs with hydrogen sulfide and iron oxide.

with. squirrels

1. Water mill on the Golden River - built in 1884-1894, mechanisms from Zurich (Switzerland) of a unique design.
2. Stone cross - probably a monument to the dead Cossacks in 1675. Needs clarification.
3. Hospital (sanitary point) - the construction of the pre-war years, needs to be clarified.
4. Monument to soldiers-liberators of the Great Patriotic War.
5. The building of the stables and the kitchen of the Matkovsky estate (glacier, basement) - a monument of the 18th - 19th centuries.

with. Lenino

Dugout of the first Communards of the commune named after IN AND. Lenin and the Museum of the First Communards. 1924 building

with. Ghidirim

1. geological formations
2. ancient Slavic settlements III-IV centuries. BC.
3. old developments of argelita (a stone that purifies water and wine)

v. Bolshoy Molokish - canyon, springs

with. Vadul-Turcului – springs, caves, artificial lake

TEMPLE:
1. Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary with. Voronkovo ​​(1800)
2. Church of the Holy Apostle John the Theologian with. Popenki (1834-1857)
3. Church of the Archangel Michael with. Sausage (1851)
4. Church of the Archangel Michael with. Construction workers (1829)
5. Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Big Molokish (late 18th century)
6. Church of the Nativity of the Mother of God with. Vadul-Turkuluy (1853)
7. Cathedral of the Archangel Michael: Rybnitsa (1990-2006)

Useful information for tourists about Rybnitsa in Moldova - geographical location, tourist infrastructure, map, architectural features and attractions.

The fisherman is small town in the Republic of Moldova. It is located 130 km from the capital Chisinau. According to statistics, about 48 thousand people live in the city. half national composition Rybnitsa are Ukrainians, the rest are Russians (23%) and Moldovans (22%). There are several versions about the origin of the name of this settlement. One of them says that the name of the city was given by the river Rybanets, on the banks of which the settlement was located.

The first written mention of a settlement in the territory modern city date back to 1657 and are contained in a work written by the Turkish traveler Evliy Celebiy, who visited Moldova in 1656-1657. In 1793, after the second division of the Commonwealth, these lands became part of Russian Empire. In 1797, the city became part of the Molokishsky volost of the Baltsky district of the Podolsk province. XIX Art. was marked for the town by the opening of a Catholic church and Orthodox Church. The first school appeared in 1871. A huge role in the city's economy was played by the Slobozia-Balti railway line built in 1892, which passed through Rybnitsa.

In 1924, Rybnitsa was declared an urban-type settlement, as well as one of the regional centers of the Moldavian ASSR. Already in 1938, the settlement acquired the status of a city. During the war, the Jewish population remaining in the city was brutally tortured by the Romanian and German invaders.

In December 1962, Rybnitsa became a city of republican subordination of the Moldavian SSR. In 1991, she lost this status. Today Rybnitsa is a large industrial, industrial, educational and cultural center of Pridnestrovie. More than 400 enterprises operate in the city, including the oldest sugar factory in the state, as well as a distillery, a centrifugal pump plant, a cement-slate and metallurgical plant.

Rybnitsa is very interesting and beautiful city. The main city attraction is the largest not only in Pridnestrovie, but also in the whole of Moldova, the Michael the Archangel Cathedral. The construction of the temple was carried out for 15 years. Its grand opening took place in November 2006. The temple is crowned with 11 bells. The weight of the largest bell "Blagovest" was 100 pounds.

The most important monument of the city is the Memorial of Military Glory built in 1975. The author of this 24-meter project in the form of two paired reinforced concrete pylons the architect V. Mednek spoke. At the foot of the granite slabs you can see the carved names of the liberators of the region.

Among other cult sights, it is also worth noting the Assumption rock monastery located on the right bank of the Dniester in Tipov, which is about 20 km from Rybnitsa. Built in the XII-XIV Art. the monastery is considered the most significant of the country's rock complexes. Of particular interest to tourists are the Kalaur Gorge in Rashkov, the Trinity Monastery, and also located near Rybnitsa nature reserve in Sugar.