Tanker knock nevis from matches. The largest ship in the world - Knock Nevis

Let's return to our giant.

The greatest invention of mankind is oil tanker. The word itself comes from English word"tank" - a tank. sea ​​tanker this is a ship designed for the carriage of liquid cargo (oil, acid, vegetable oil, molten sulfur, etc.) in ship's tanks (tanks). These sea vessels come in various sizes, but among them there is a special type - supertankers. These are the most big ships among tankers of this type. They can carry 50 percent more oil per voyage than others, and only 15 percent more operating costs for bunkering, crew, and insurance, allowing the oil companies chartering the vessel to increase their profits and save savings. There will always be a demand for such oil tankers.

Supertankers- a product of the scientific and technological revolution of our time. They did not have any specific inventor, and with the development of science and technology, their creation became possible. On the oil tankers a longitudinal hull recruitment system was tested, engine room and all superstructures were moved aft. And most importantly, during their construction, electric welding began to be widely used in shipbuilding, which later became the only way to connect metal hull structures.

Knock Nevis, a supertanker that has gone by the names Jahre Viking, Happy Giant and Seawise Giant at various times.

Knock Nevis has a length of 458.45 meters, so to turn the tanker in reverse side you need at least 2 km if the turn was carried out with the help of tugs. The vessel has a width of 68.8 meters, to give a better idea - this is the approximate width of a football field.

The upper deck of the ship could accommodate 5.5 football fields.

This is the largest operating ship ever created in the history of the planet. It also has its drawbacks, which, in fact, predetermined the short existence of the tanker. Its draft of 24.6 meters is, for comparison, more than a standard 7-storey residential building.

The ship could not pass the Suez and Panama Canals due to its huge dimensions, moreover, it was not allowed to pass through the English Channel, due to the risk of running aground.

The Seawise Giant was the largest ship built in the 20th century. But the giant was built before the era of double-hulled tankers, which began with the Exxon Valdez accident. It is unlikely that new tankers will surpass the size of Seawise Giant, most likely, floating cities will intercept the palm - real floating cities, with housing, offices, and everything else that is available in the city. Some projects of such vessels are already being developed.

Seawise Giant began to be built in 1979 by order of a Greek tycoon, but it went bankrupt as a result of the oil embargo of the 70s. The ship was bought by the Hong Kong magnate Tung, and financed its completion. However, Tung insisted that the deadweight be increased from 480,000 to 564,763 tons, making the Seawise Giant the world's largest ship. The tanker entered service in 1981, and initially transported oil from fields in the Gulf of Mexico. Then he was transferred to transport oil from Iran. There in Persian Gulf, they sank him.

In 1986, during the Iran-Iraq war, in the Strait of Hormuz, the tanker was attacked and sunk by Iraqi Air Force aircraft with Exocet missiles. An Iraqi fighter fired an Exocet anti-ship missile at a unique tanker, which was then located almost in the Persian Gulf (or rather, in the Strait of Hormuz, which lies between Iran and the United Arab Emirates, leading to the Gulf).

It sank in shallow water near Kharg Island, due to which in August 1988 it was raised and taken for repairs at the Keppel Shipyard in Singapore by its new owner, Norman International. Ship repairers replaced 3.7 thousand tons of crumpled steel.

Most likely, the company bought, raised and repaired the tanker mainly for the sake of prestige. The refurbished Seawise Giant was renamed the Happy Giant. By 1999, he again changed the owner and name - he was bought by the Norwegian Jahare Wallem and renamed Jahre Viking.

In March 2004, the giant got a new owner, First Olsen Tankers. Times have already changed, and given the age of the tanker, it was decided to convert it into FSO - a floating storage and loading complex, at Dubai shipyards. After the conversion, he received the name Knock Nevis, and was then delivered as an FSO to the Al Shaheen field in the waters of Qatar.

Technical characteristics of the supertanker Knock Nevis

Commissioned: 1976
Withdrawn from the fleet: 01/04/2010
Length: 458.45 m
Width: 68.86 m
Draft: 24, 611 meters
Power plant: steam turbines with a total capacity of 50,000 liters. with.
Speed: 13-16 knots
Crew: 40 people.

Weight of transported cargo: 564,763 tons

Another 6 ULCC (Ultra Large Oil Tanker) class tankers have surpassed the 500,000 dwt mark:
Battilus 553.662 dwt 1976 - 1985 (decommissioned)
Bellamya 553,662 dwt 1976 - 1986 (decommissioned)
Pierre Guillaumat 555,051 dwt 1977 - 1983 (decommissioned)
Esso Atlantic 516,000 dwt 1977 - 2002 (decommissioned)
Esso Pacific 516 dwt 1977 - 2002 (decommissioned)
Prairial 554,974 dwt 1979 - 2003 (decommissioned)

Think about it: the braking distance of the giant is 10.2 kilometers, and the turning circle exceeds 3.7 kilometers! So, among other ships scurrying around these waters, this supertanker is like an elephant in a china shop.

When the tanker needs to be brought to the oil terminal, it is taken in tow and pulled very, very slowly. It is easy to imagine what can happen if a ship weighing almost a million tons is mistaken in maneuvering.

During its life, the supergiant tanker changed several owners and changed its name more than once - first to Happy Giant, then to Jahre Viking.

In 2009, the ship was transported to India to Alang, where it was forcibly stranded for disposal.

In 2010, the ship was scrapped.

At present

One of this class sea ​​vessels was oil tanker« Batillus". This cargo ship was created, from start to finish, according to the original project without additional modernization during operation. Nautical tanker from the moment of laying it was built in 10 months, and about 70,000 tons of steel were spent on construction. The construction cost the owner $130 million.

Oil has long been the most sensitive nerve of the entire world industry. Often, "black gold" is best transported not by land, but by water. The path followed by ships of this type is called "oil". Already in the 19th century, when coal was the main raw material, crude oil was transported in wooden and zinc barrels in special holds. sailing ships intended for oil.

by the most first offshore tanker for the transportation of oil in a tank, the walls of which were cladding, became " Atlantic", built in 1863. This type tanker, the tank for liquid cargo is the hull, which has survived to this day. By the beginning of the First World War offshore tankers already accounted for 3% of the world merchant fleet.

Every year the demand for oil is growing. This process is associated with the continuous development of heavy industry and the emergence of an increasing number of motor vehicles. Accordingly, the scale and requirements for its transportation are increasing. I doubt that there will be ones in which the size and displacement would have the same rapid development trend as tankers.

Shipbuilding development oil tankers takes into account the features and benefits supertankers, since when transporting oil on a ship that can hold more than 100,000 tons of oil, transportation costs are not much higher than when using a tanker with a carrying capacity of 16,000 tons. Today big tankers and supertankers fully automated and operated by a relatively small crew. Even the longest transportation of valuable cargo is much cheaper than the operation of a conventional vessel. And one of those is Knock Nevis».

The history of this sea vessel began in Japan in 1976 (some sources indicate 1975) at the shipyards of the company " Sumitomo Heavy Industries. Then oil tanker "Knock Nevis""born" under the modest serial number 1016 and was not so big. Soon the cargo ship was sold to a certain Greek shipowner, who gave oil tanker first real name Seawise Giant». Its carrying capacity was 480,000 tons (typical modern oil tankers hold 280,000 tons). Three years later, the freighter was sold to a new owner who ordered an enlargement. Japanese shipbuilders cut and build tanker which took a lot of time. Finally in 1981 supertanker was ready to go again. Welded additional sections of the hull increased its deadweight to 564,763 tons.

Supertanker "Knock Nevis" could easily take on board the Empire State Building and the Eiffel Tower. But its cargo is $195 million worth of oil. Huge ship survived several owners and is already the fourth name " Knock Nevis". He was shot with rockets and cut in half. And yet - for more than 20 years, he remains most big ship on the planet. During your life supertanker changed several owners and changed names more than once: first - to " happy giant", then to " Jahre Viking".

TANKER "KNOCK NEVIS" - PAST AND PRESENT

tanker «Seawise Giant»

tanker "Jahre Viking"

tanker "Jahre Viking"in the sea

supertanker "Knock Nevis"

stopping distance of the supertanker "Knock Nevis" 5000 meters

This year supertanker visited one of the shipyards in Dubai, received new equipment and turned into a so-called "floating storage unit" (Floating Storage and Offloading unit) for oil. Wherein cargo ship renamed to " Knock Nevis". Having served a little tanker was scrapped and sent to one of the Indian ports.

Dismantlement of the tanker "Knock Nevis"

technical characteristics of the oil tanker "Knock Nevis":

Length - 458.4 m;

Width - 68.8 m;

Draft (full) - 24.6 m;

Design displacement - 260581 tons;

Knock Nevis (formerly known as Seawise Giant, Happy Giant and Jahre Viking) is a Norwegian-flagged supertanker. Its dimensions were: 458.45 meters long and 69 meters wide, which made it the largest ship in the world. Built in 1976, rebuilt in 1979, in recent years used as a floating oil storage facility, then delivered to Alang (India), where it was scrapped in 2010.

Knock Nevis had a deadweight of 564,763 tons, which is 658,362 m? (4.1 million barrels) of oil.

The length of the tanker is 458.45 meters, the width is 68.86 meters, the draft in cargo is 24.61 meters. Max speed was 13 knots, the crew of the vessel was 40 people. The stopping distance of the ship is 10.2 kilometers, and the circulation diameter is more than 3.7 kilometers.

Draft at full load did not allow the ship to pass not only the Suez and Panama canals, but also the English Channel.

The supertanker was built in Japan in the city of Yokosuka by Sumitomo Corporation under the serial number "1016" and was transferred to the Greek shipowner, who gave the tanker its first real name "Seawise Giant".

Interestingly, at that time the tanker was not yet so big. Its carrying capacity was 480,000 tons (typical modern supertankers hold 280,000 tons).

The new owner ordered an increase in the vessel. The vessel was cut and lengthened, additional sections of the hull were added, increasing the deadweight from the original 480 thousand tons to a record 564,763 tons. In 1981, the tanker was ready to go. The total displacement of the monster after the reconstruction reached 825 thousand 614 tons, which, along with its size, made it the largest ship ever to sail on Earth.

Initially, the ship sailed between the Middle East and the United States, but in 1986 it began to be used as a floating terminal for the storage and transshipment of Iranian oil during the Iran-Iraq war. In 1986, an Iraqi fighter fired an Exocet anti-ship missile at a ship located almost in the Persian Gulf (more precisely, in the Strait of Hormuz leading to the Gulf). The tanker did not die, but was out of order. Only in 1989, it was reanimated by the ship repairmen of Singapore, replacing 3.7 thousand tons of crumpled steel.

After the end of the war, the ship towed to Brunei was bought Norwegian company KS company. The ship was repaired in Singapore and renamed the Happy Giant (Happy Giant). However, in 1991, even before the repair was completed, KS-company came under the control of the Norwegian ship-owning company Jorgen Jahre, so the tanker left the shipyard under the name Jahre Viking.

KS-company was later bought by Norwegian shipowner Fred Olsen for his company First Olsen Tankers.

After the passage of laws in the US and Europe prohibiting the use of tankers with a single-walled side, the so-called single-hull tankers (Knock Nevis side thickness is only 3.5 centimeters), in March 2004, the ship was rebuilt in Dubai docks into a “floating storage unit” (FPSO ). At the same time, the tanker once again changed its name to the modern Knock Nevis. In 2009, the ship was washed ashore in Alang (India), where it was scrapped in 2010. Before the last trip, the ship was renamed Mont and changed flag to Sierra Leone. It took about a year to completely dispose of the ship.

Knock Nevis (also known as Seawise Giant, Happy Giant and Jahre Viking in the past) is a Norwegian-flagged supertanker. Its dimensions: 458 meters long and 69 meters wide make it the largest ship in the world.

Built between 1979 and 1981, today it is used as a floating oil storage. Characteristics Knock Nevis has a deadweight of 564,763 tons, which is 658,362 m³ (4.1 million barrels) of oil.

The length of the tanker is 458.45 meters, width - 68.86 meters, draft in cargo - 24.61 meters. The maximum speed is 13 knots, the crew of the vessel is 40 people. The braking distance of the ship is 10.2 kilometers, and the circulation diameter is more than 3.7 kilometers.

Draft at full load does not allow the vessel to pass not only the Suez and Panama canals, but also the English Channel.

Story

The supertanker was built in Japan in the city of Yokosuka by Sumitomo Corporation by order of a Greek shipowner. However, the unfinished ship was purchased by Hong Kong shipowner Tung Chao Yung.
It was built under the number 1016, and the owner was given the name Seawise Giant. The new owner ordered an enlargement of the vessel. The ship was cut and extended, and additional hull sections were added to increase the deadweight from the original 480,000 tons to a record 564,763 tons.

Initially, the ship sailed between the Middle East and the United States, but in 1986 it began to be used as a floating terminal for the storage and transshipment of Iranian oil during the Iran-Iraq war. In May 1988, the ship was attacked and heavily damaged by Iraqi aircraft. After the end of the war, the ship, towed to Brunei, was bought by the Norwegian company KS-company.

The ship was repaired in Singapore and renamed the Happy Giant (Happy Giant). However, in 1991, even before the repair was completed, KS-company came under the control of the Norwegian ship-owning company Jørgen Jahre, so the tanker left the shipyard under the name Jahre Viking. KS-company was later bought by Norwegian shipowner Fred Olsen for his company First Olsen Tankers.

Following the adoption of laws in the US and Europe prohibiting the use of single-sided tankers, the so-called single-hull tankers (the thickness of the side of Knock Nevis is only 3.5 centimeters), in March 2004, the ship at the Dubai docks was converted into a "floating storage unit".
Then he once again changed his name to the modern Knock Nevis. Now the ship is permanently located in the area of ​​the Al Shahim oil field in Qatar as an oil storage facility.

Vessel characteristics

Tanker type.

The flag state of Norway.

Launched 1976.

Current status Floating storage unit.

Displacement 825,614 tons.

Length 458 m.

Width 68.86 m.

Power plant Turbines with a total capacity of 50,000 liters. with.

Speed ​​13 knots.

Crew of 40 people.

Cargo capacity 564,763 tons.