Presentation about 7 wonders of ancient greece. Presentation on the topic "Ancient Greek Wonders of the World"

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The work was done by Julia Novozhilova

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Content

HISTORY OF ORIGIN.
THE PYRAMID OF CHEOPS.
"HANGING GARDENS OF BABYLON.
STATUE OF OLYMPIC ZEUS.
TEMPLE OF ARTEMIS AT EPHESUS.
MAUSOLEUM IN HALICARNASSUS.
THE COLOSSUS OF RHODES.
LIGHTHOUSE ON FAROS IN ALEXANDRIA.

SEVEN WONDERS OF THE ANCIENT WORLD

The history of the emergence of the SEVEN WONDERS OF THE ANCIENT WORLD

LIST OF FAMOUS ANTIQUE MONUMENTS.
the list is COMPILED BY ANCIENT historians and travelers.
INCLUDING THE "FATHER OF HISTORY" HERODOTUS.
THE LIST HAS BEEN REVISED MULTIPLELY.
ITS CLASSIC VARIANT WAS FORMATED 2.2 THOUSAND. YEARS AGO THANKS TO THE EFFORT OF PHILON OF BYZANTINE.

The age of the building is 4500 years.

PYRAMID CHEOPSA

The age of the building is 4500 years.
120 thousand Egyptians for 20 years in the sweat of their faces erected a grandiose pharaoh's tomb. The pyramid of Cheops is composed of 2.5 million blocks weighing 2, tons each.
Without the use of cement and other fasteners, the blocks are so tightly fitted to each other that the gap between them does not exceed 0.5 mm. Initially, the pyramid had a height of 147 meters, today - 138 meters.
For almost 4000 years, until the XIV century AD, the Pyramid of Cheops bore the title of the highest building in the world.

PYRAMID CHEOPS About 600 BC on the territory of modern Iraq, ancient Babylon was noisy.

Around 600 BC on the territory of modern Iraq, ancient Babylon was noisy.
For his wife Amitis (Semiramide), King Nebuchadnezzar II ordered the famous " hanging gardens". The gardens were located on a four-tiered platform resembling a hill.
The base of the terraces was built of stone blocks covered with a layer of reeds and filled with asphalt. Then there was a double layer of bricks, even higher - lead plates to prevent seepage of irrigation water.
A fertile layer of soil was laid on top of this structure, on which trees, palm trees, and flowers were grown.

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

Hanging Gardens of Babylon Statue of Zeus at Olympia

In 435 BC. e. in Olympia - one of the sanctuaries of Ancient Greece - a majestic temple was built in honor of the ruler of the gods - Zeus.
Inside the temple was placed a huge 20-meter statue of the Olympian god, seated on a throne.
The sculpture was made of wood, on top of which ivory plates were glued, imitating the upper naked part of the body of Zeus.
God's clothes and shoes are covered with gold.
In his left hand, Zeus held a scepter with an eagle, and in his right hand, a statue of the goddess of victory.

Statue of Zeus at Olympia Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

The Temple of Artemis was built in 560 BC. King Croesus of Lydia in the city of Ephesus on the coast of Asia Minor.
The huge white marble temple was framed by 127 columns 18 meters high.
Inside was a statue of Artemis, the goddess of fertility, made of gold and ivory.
In 356 BC. one conceited inhabitant of Ephesus - Herostratus set fire to the temple, thus deciding to become famous and perpetuate his name.
The Sanctuary of Artemis was rebuilt, but in 263 it was destroyed and plundered by the Goths.

Temple of Artemis at Ephesus Mausoleum at Halicarnassus

The ruler of Caria, Mausolus, was still alive in 353 BC. began the construction of his own tomb in Halicarnassus (modern Bodrum, Turkey).
grandiose funerary structure 46 meters high, surrounded by 36 columns and crowned with a statue of a chariot.
It made such a strong impression on contemporaries that since then all monumental tombs have been called mausoleums after King Mausolus.

Mausoleum at Halicarnassus Colossus of Rhodes

A giant statue of the ancient Greek sun god Helios was installed at the entrance to the port of Rhodes in 292-280. BC e.
A slender youth-god, sculpted in full growth, held a torch in his hand.
Ships sailed between the legs of the statue.
For only 65 years, the Colossus of Rhodes stood in its place: in 222 BC. it was destroyed by an earthquake.

The Colossus of Rhodes Alexandrian lighthouse

In 270 B.C. on the island of Pharos, at the entrance to the port of Alexandria, a huge tower 120 meters high was erected.
At the top of the lighthouse, a fire was constantly burning, the light of which was amplified with the help of metal concave mirrors, and was visible at a distance of 60 kilometers.
Wood for the fire was brought up the spiral staircase on carts pulled by mules.
The lighthouse was destroyed by an earthquake in the 14th century.

Alexandrian lighthouse

Ancient Greece keeps many secrets. The architecture and sights of this beautiful country are vibrant and amazing, so much so that some of them are called wonders of the world. Among these wonderful places are the Parthenon, the temples of Artemis and Apollo, the Mycenaean walls and the Ancient Theater of Epidaurus, the Palace of Knossos and the statue of Zeus, as well as the monastery of St. Peter and the recently renovated stadium in Athens. Below we will talk about all the wonders of the world ancient greece.

Knossos palace

This palace is located on the island of Crete. It is also called the "Labyrinth of the Minotaur". The palace is built from a variety of stones, and surprises all tourists with its scale. The palace is surrounded by a complex of stones, which resembles a labyrinth. The king's family and their servants lived in this palace a long time ago. Absolutely in each of the apartments there was a kitchen, a pantry, a workshop and a bathroom. Order and beauty is what has always reigned in the palace. On the walls one could see frescoes with images from the life of the ancient Greeks. In those days, Greece already had running water and sewerage. The palace itself was discovered in the 20th century, this palace was excavated for about 30 years. The palace has a huge number of rooms and rooms (according to estimates, more than 1,500 thousand). All rooms are interconnected by stairs and numerous corridors. There are windows everywhere, and wells are located around the palace as illumination at night. Of the total number of rooms in the palace, more than a hundred rooms were intended only for balls and feasts. A throne room, treasuries and even a theater were discovered in the palace.

Walls of Mycenae

The huge walls of Mycenae amaze tourists to this day. This building belongs to the legends of the Cyclops. The stones that make up the walls are incredibly large. The walls are over 8 meters high and about 5 meters wide. Stone lions flaunt on the walls. The Greeks consider these walls to be their protective talisman.

Parthenon

The Parthenon temple stands on top of the Acropolis. It was built as early as 400 BC. BC, in honor of Athena. The way the Parthenon looks amazes everyone - from connoisseurs of architecture to tourists passing by who do not understand anything about architecture. The Parthenon was erected using the oblique erection method. There are no straight lines in it, even the columns are uneven. In the temple a couple of centuries ago there was a statue of Athena, which was made of gold and elephant bone. The statue was up to 10 meters high, but, unfortunately, it did not survive to our times. The Parthenon is 30 meters wide and about 70 meters long. The architects who built the Parthenon ordered workers to grind the marble blocks so that they were the same. And these blocks were fastened together with the help of lead fill and staples.

Temple Erechtheion

The temple is located a little north of the Parthenon. This temple is made in the Ionic style and was built around the 5th century BC. The construction itself looks just perfect, and the columns are made in the form of figures of Caryatids.

Temple of Apollo

In honor of Apollo, a temple was erected in Arcadia. It was built after the Parthenon was completed. The temple itself differs from the Parthenon in that each year the temple rotates by about half a degree. Externally, the temple is a Doric style, but inside the Ionic style is visible. One of the columns is made in the Corinthian style. Sculptures from the temple, which were repeatedly tried to be stolen (they were discovered after the temple itself was discovered), are in the British Museum.

Theater of Epidaurus

Everyone knows this theatre. A reasonable construction, which is made specifically so that the sounds that occur in the middle of the theater can be heard on all the steps around. There is no such acoustics anywhere in the world. Sounds bounce off the stones, and even a quiet conversation will be heard. And the resonators built into the walls are tuned to a certain wave, helping to improve the sound and its quality. The construction of the theater was completed in the 2nd century BC, but it was found only in the 19th century. In the theater, you can clearly separate the stage, orchestra pit and seats for the audience. The whole theater, except for the stage, is perfectly preserved. The stage itself is surrounded by ruins. This theater was dedicated to the god Dionysus.

Monastery of Saint Paul

The monastery is located on a very steep slope, where 15 chapels are located. This monastery was built around the 14th century. Since then, the monastery has repeatedly suffered from fires, but it has always been restored.

The Colossus of Rhodes

This statue is officially listed as one of the wonders of the world. In ancient Greek mythology, there is such a god Helios, who patronized the island of Rhodes. It was on this island that the statue was erected. It was built over 10 years. The statue itself was huge in height and width. The legs of the Colossus were a huge arch through which ships sailed. The statue was erected gradually, starting from the feet. The legs were made of a wooden frame and then sheathed in bronze. Inside the statue were a huge number of stones. It took more than 200 tons of bronze to completely sheathe the statue. The statue stood at the entrance to the island for more than half a century, but then it was destroyed by an earthquake. Nowadays, several architects have already tried to start new project and restore the Colossus on Rhodes, but neither the first project in 2008 nor the second in 2015 has yet been implemented. There are legends that if a new statue is still built, a strong earthquake will happen on the island of Rhodes and destroy not only the statue, but the island itself.

faros lighthouse

The famous lighthouse, the fire of which was visible 60 kilometers before approaching trading port Alexandria. The design of the mirrors made it possible to achieve this effect. The name of the lighthouse was due to the island on which it was located. Foros was not far from the coast of Alexandria. This lighthouse is also called Alexandria. The port of Alexander the Great, in honor of which the second name of the lighthouse was given, created largest port in the Mediterranean at that time.

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

A wonderful wonder of the world - the Gardens of Babylon. These gardens adorned the royal palace of Babylon as early as the 4th century BC. The gardens were located on four tiers, which stood on columns. The irrigation system by which the gardens were watered was very intelligent and cunning, and no one knew about it. Therefore, the gardens seemed like a real miracle.

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Ancient Greek wonders of the world Temple of Artemis Statue of Zeus Lighthouse of Alexandria Seliverstova Irina Alekseevna, teacher of history, State Educational Institution of NGOs 29 Sarapul.

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7 Wonders of the World The first list of wonders of the world is attributed to Herodotus. The list appeared in ancient Greece in the 5th century BC. e .. All the miracles were on the island of Samos.

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7 Wonders of the World Historians associate the classic list with the empire of Alexander the Great

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Statue of Zeus For over 300 years, the Olympic Games have been held in Greece. They were very popular among the people. They were held in honor of the god Zeus. But the main temple in honor of Zeus was not erected. In Greece, they began to collect donations for the construction of this temple. Construction began in 470 BC. e.

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Statue of Zeus Construction of the temple took about 10 years. But the statue of Zeus did not appear in it immediately. The Greeks decided to invite the famous Athenian sculptor Phidias to create a statue of Zeus.

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Statue of Zeus According to legend, when Phidias finished his work, he asked: "Are you satisfied, Zeus?" In response, there was a thunderclap, and the floor in front of the throne cracked. For seven centuries, Zeus, smiling benevolently, watched the athletes, until in the II century. n. e. there was no powerful earthquake that severely damaged the statue

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Statue of Zeus After the ban on the Olympic Games, thieves ripped off the statue of Zeus, stealing gold and ivory. All that's left of famous sculpture Phidias, was taken from Greece to the city of Constantinople, but there the wooden sculpture burned down during a strong fire. So the third wonder of the world died, but the Olympic Games, founded, according to legend, by the Thunderer, were restored at the end of the 19th century and are now gathering athletes from all over the world, ready to measure their strength in the most different types sports.

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Lighthouse of Alexandria The lighthouse was built on the small island of Pharos in the Mediterranean, off the coast of Alexandria. This busy port was founded by Alexander the Great during his visit to Egypt in 332 BC. e.

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Alexandrian lighthouse faros lighthouse It consisted of three marble towers, standing on a base of massive stone blocks. The first tower was rectangular, it contained rooms in which workers and soldiers lived. Above this tower was a smaller, octagonal tower with spiral ramp leading to the top tower. The upper tower was shaped like a cylinder, in which a fire burned, helping the ships safely reach the bay.

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Lighthouse of Alexandria By the XII century A.D. e. The bay of Alexandria became so filled with silt that ships could no longer use it. The lighthouse fell into disrepair. The bronze plates that served as mirrors were probably melted down into coins. In the 14th century, the lighthouse was completely destroyed by an earthquake.

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Temple of Artemis of Ephesus In honor of Artemis, the inhabitants of Ephesus built near the city, on the site where the sanctuary of the Carian goddess of fertility used to be, a huge temple, which became one of the seven wonders of the Ancient World.

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Temple of Artemis of Ephesus Funds for the construction were donated by the famous rich man, the Lydian king Croesus. The project of the temple was developed by the architect Khersifron from Knossos. Under him, the walls of the temple were erected and a colonnade was installed. After the death of the architect, the construction was continued by his son Metagenes, and the architects Paeonius and Demetrius completed the construction.

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Temple of Artemis of Ephesus When the completed construction of a huge white marble building opened before the eyes of the townspeople, it aroused surprise and admiration. Unfortunately, no one knows exactly how the temple was decorated. It is only known that the best masters of the Greek world took part in the creation of the sculptural decoration of the temple, and the statue of the goddess Artemis was made of gold and ivory.

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Temple of Artemis of Ephesus Inside the temple was decorated with wonderful statues by Praxiteles and the reliefs of Scopas, but even more magnificent were the paintings of this temple

He was called the Colossus of Rhodes - the seventh wonder of the world. But this giant did not stand for long - about 70 years, and collapsed during a strong earthquake. It turned out that the sculptor did not properly connect his knees, and they could not withstand the weight of a huge bronze body. Since then, a proverb has appeared - "a colossus with feet of clay." So they say about something big, but fragile, push it - it will fall apart. The fallen sculpture lay on the ground for a thousand years. They tried to lift her many times, but all failed. Over time, they began to forget how she looked when she stood. It was said that Helios held a huge torch in his hand, and between his legs ships with high masts sailed into the harbor. In 977, the ruler of Rhodes sold the remnants of the giant to some merchant as scrap metal. The merchant cut the sculpture into pieces, moved it to Asia Minor, melted it and, having loaded it on 900 camels, took away to sell pieces of bronze, in which no one could recognize the seventh wonder of the world.

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Ancient Greek wonders of the world Temple of Artemis Statue of Zeus Lighthouse of Alexandria Seliverstova Irina Alekseevna, teacher of history, State Educational Institution of NGOs 29 Sarapul.

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7 Wonders of the World The first list of wonders of the world is attributed to Herodotus. The list appeared in ancient Greece in the 5th century BC. e .. All the miracles were on the island of Samos.

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7 Wonders of the World Historians associate the classic list with the empire of Alexander the Great

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Statue of Zeus After the ban on the Olympic Games, thieves ripped off the statue of Zeus, stealing gold and ivory. All that was left of the famous sculpture of Phidias was taken from Greece to the city of Constantinople, but there the wooden sculpture burned down during a strong fire. So the third wonder of the world died, but the Olympic Games, founded, according to legend, by the Thunderer, were restored at the end of the 19th century and now gather athletes from all over the world, ready to measure their strength in a variety of sports.

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Lighthouse of Alexandria The lighthouse of Pharos consisted of three marble towers, standing on a base of massive stone blocks. The first tower was rectangular, it contained rooms in which workers and soldiers lived. Above this tower was a smaller, octagonal tower with a spiral ramp leading to the top tower. The upper tower was shaped like a cylinder, in which a fire burned, helping the ships safely reach the bay.

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Temple of Artemis of Ephesus Inside the temple was decorated with wonderful statues by Praxiteles and the reliefs of Scopas, but even more magnificent were the paintings of this temple