Aviation compass. aircraft compass
AVIATION COMPASS
compass, an aeronautical device that indicates to the pilot the course of the aircraft relative to the magnetic meridian (magnetic compass, gyromagnetic compass), a given direction (gyro semi-compass) or direction to a radio beacon (radio compass, radio semi-compass) and relative to any celestial body (astronomical compass).
Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB. 2012
See also interpretations, synonyms, meanings of the word and what is AVIATION COMPASS in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:
- COMPASS in Miller's Dream Book, dream book and interpretation of dreams:
Seeing a compass in a dream means that you will be forced to fight with limited means, with your hands tied, thus doing ... - COMPASS in the Directory of Constellations, Latin names.
- COMPASS in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
(lat. Pyxis) the constellation of the Southern ... - COMPASS JOURN. in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
scientific and literary magazine of the Naval Cadet Corps; has been published as a manuscript since March 1905 as articles are accumulated, if possible monthly. … - COMPASS in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron.
- COMPASS
[Dutch kompas] a device for orienting relative to the cardinal points on land, at sea and in the air; consists of a magnetic needle rotating ... - COMPASS in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
a, m. (sailors have a compass) A device for determining the countries of the world, the magnetized arrow of which always points north. Compass - pertaining to ... - COMPASS in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
, -a (sailors have a compass, -a), m. A device for determining the cardinal points (sides of the horizon). Magnetic to. (with a magnetized pointer, always ... - COMPASS
OMPASS (lat. Pyxis), constellation South. … - COMPASS in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
OMPASS (German Kompass), a device indicating the direction of geogr. or magn. meridian; serves for orientation relative to the sides of the horizon. There are magnetic, mechanical. (gyrocompass), ... - AVIATION in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
AIR TRANSPORT, see Transport ... - AVIATION in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
AVIATION SPORT, collected. name aviation sports. See Aeromodelling, Parachuting, Gliding, Aircraft… - COMPASS in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.
- COMPASS in Collier's Dictionary:
a device for determining horizontal directions on the ground. It is used to determine the direction in which the sea, aircraft, ground vehicle is moving; … - COMPASS
compa "s, compa" sy, compa "sa, compa" owls, compa "su, compa" itself, compa "s, compa" sy, compa "catfish, compa" themselves, compa "se, ... - COMPASS in the Full accentuated paradigm according to Zaliznyak:
ko "mpas, ko" mpas, ko "mpas, ko" mpas, ko "mpas, ko" mpas, ko "mpas, ko" mpas, ko "mpas, ko" mpas, ko "mpas, ... - AVIATION in the Full accentuated paradigm according to Zaliznyak:
aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation, aviation, ... - COMPASS
Helps not... - COMPASS in the Dictionary for solving and compiling scanwords:
South… - COMPASS in the Dictionary for solving and compiling scanwords:
Assistant ... - COMPASS in the New Dictionary of Foreign Words:
(later Latin compasso I measure) a device for orientation relative to the sides of the horizon, indicating the direction of the geographic (true) or magnetic meridian; The simplest compass is... - COMPASS in the Dictionary of Foreign Expressions:
[ a device for orientation relative to the sides of the horizon, indicating the direction of the geographic (true) or magnetic meridian; The simplest compass is a magnetic one, in a case ... - COMPASS
air compass, astrocompass, hydrocompass, gyro-latitude compass, pelcompass, pel compass, radio astrocompass, radio compass, ... - AVIATION in the dictionary of Synonyms of the Russian language:
aeronautic… - COMPASS
m. 1) A device for orientation relative to the sides of the horizon, indicating the direction of the geographic or magnetic meridian. 2) trans. unfold The one who defines... - AVIATION in the New explanatory and derivational dictionary of the Russian language Efremova:
adj. 1) Related by value. with noun: aviation associated with it. 2) Characteristic of aviation, characteristic of ... - COMPASS in the Dictionary of the Russian Language Lopatin:
k'ompas, ... - AVIATION in the Dictionary of the Russian language Lopatin.
- COMPASS in the Complete Spelling Dictionary of the Russian Language:
compass, ... - AVIATION in the Complete Spelling Dictionary of the Russian Language.
- COMPASS in the Spelling Dictionary:
k'ompas, ... - AVIATION in the Spelling Dictionary.
- COMPASS in the Dictionary of the Russian Language Ozhegov:
a device for determining the countries of the world (sides of the horizon) Magnetic to. (with a magnetized arrow, always pointing to ... - KOMPAS in the Dahl Dictionary:
husband. , German , White Sea, uterus, magnetic needle on a hairpin, with a paper card, on which the cardinal points or 32 ... - COMPASS in the Modern Explanatory Dictionary, TSB:
(German: Kompass), a device indicating the direction of the geographic or magnetic meridian; serves for orientation relative to the sides of the horizon. There are magnetic, mechanical (gyrocompass), radio compass ... - COMPASS
(compass obsolete), compass, m. (it. compasso) (physical). A physical device for recognizing the countries of the world, consisting of a magnetized needle, always pointing to ... - AVIATION in the Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language Ushakov:
aviation, aviation. App. to aviation. Aviation … - COMPASS
compass m. 1) A device for orientation relative to the sides of the horizon, indicating the direction of the geographic or magnetic meridian. 2) trans. unfold The one who … - AVIATION in the Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova:
aviation app. 1) Related by value. with noun: aviation associated with it. 2) Characteristic of aviation, characteristic of ... - COMPASS
- AVIATION in the New Dictionary of the Russian Language Efremova:
adj. 1. ratio with noun. aviation associated with it 2. Peculiar to aviation, characteristic of ... - COMPASS
m. 1. A device for orientation relative to the sides of the horizon, indicating the direction of the geographic or magnetic meridian. 2. trans. unfold The one who defines... - AVIATION in the Big Modern Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language:
adj. 1. ratio with noun. aviation I, associated with it 2. Characteristic of aviation [aviation I], characteristic of ... - COMPASS in the Big Modern Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language:
m. Constellation of the Southern ... - LIFTING AIRCRAFT ENGINE
aircraft engine, a gas turbine engine, usually of a somewhat simplified design, which develops vertical thrust in a vertical take-off and landing aircraft. P. a. … - in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
aviation institute. Sergo Ordzhonikidze (MAI), one of the largest educational and scientific centers in the USSR in the field of aircraft construction. Founded in… - in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
aviation institute, trains engineers for the aviation, instrument-making, radio-electronic and machine-building industries. Founded in 1932 on the basis of the aerodynamic department of Kazan University. … - AIRCRAFT ALtimeter in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
aviation, instrument for measuring flight altitude aircraft above the ground. There are barometric altimeters and radio altimeters. The principle of operation of barometric V. ... - DMB (MOVIE) at the Wiki Quote.
-
k B - Soviet heavy machine gun caliber 12.7 ... - MACHINE GUN The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Weapons:
AVIATION FYODOROV-DEGTYAREV, PILOT 1925 - Soviet built-in aviation machine gun of caliber 6, 5 ...
The magnetic compass in the aircraft determines and maintains the heading of the direction of flight. The course of the aircraft is the angle between the longitudinal real direction and the axis of the aircraft along the meridian. It is customary to count the course from northern direction meridian.
From the meridian count the angle clockwise to the longitudinal axis of the aircraft. As we know, the course is possibly magnetic, compass and authentic.
The principle of operation of each compass is based on the action of a magnetic needle, which is installed in the plane of the magnetic meridian in the north direction. At the end of the determination of the magnetic meridian, the angle to the longitudinal axis of the aircraft is measured using a compass - this is the magnetic heading. It should be emphasized that modern compasses installed in the cockpit are structurally different from field compasses.
In construction aviation compasses materials are used that exhibit weak magnetic or diamagnetic features. The main structural parts of an aircraft compass are: a bracket, a heading line, a deviation device, a card, a bowler hat.
A kettle is a vessel made of aluminum or copper and hermetically sealed with a glass lid. The inside of the kettle is filled with liquid, in most cases, it is naphtha or ethyl alcohol. Replacing or adding fluid significantly impairs the operation of the device and may lead to complete unsuitability.
The liquid helps as a dampener and dampens the vibrations of the card, in addition, it reduces the pressure of the pin on the firebox.
In the middle of the pot there is a column on which a potato is attached. A card is a complex of connected magnets, which are directed one to one with the same charged pole. As a rule, aviation compass cards are made up of two horizontal and two vertical magnets.
The magnets must be positioned with a high degree of accuracy, because the slightest shift can cause the readings to deviate from the true ones. The top pairs of magnets have a much larger magnetic moment than the bottom pairs, at a ratio of 15 CGSm to 12 CGSm. As a result, the total moment should not be lower than 54-56 CGSm. The level of quality of the compass depends on the correct selection of their sizes and magnets.
An arrow is set at the finish of the card, which indicates the side of the horizon, it helps to orientate in the flight map. Non-specialized magnetic assembly is calculated for 200 hours of engine operation. The bowler has a course line, which is used as an index when counting the course.
The aircraft compass bowl is filled with liquid; when the temperature changes, its amount changes, which can lead to a malfunction in the instrument readings. In order to avoid a similar situation, a compensation chamber is installed.
This design is used in all modern aircraft compasses. There are differences, they appear for the most part in the aggregate depreciation or the shape of the card. In addition, lighting devices are used to work at night.
The practical use of the compass on an airplane suggests that its use for the pilot and navigator is different. The pilot uses this device to select the correct direction of flight. It is used to determine the accuracy of deviations and analyze the flight from the course.
As for the navigator, he uses the compass to quickly calculate the flight map, and to analyze the course. It is customary to calculate the navigator's compass as the main one on board the aircraft. Therefore, there are two types of magnetic aviation compasses, which are installed on the aircraft's boron, - this is the main and travel.
Aircraft magnetic compass deviation
Even at the dawn of the aircraft industry, all aircraft, without exception, were equipped with magnetic compasses, which perfectly coped with the task of determining magnetic course apparatus. Nevertheless, with the upcoming development of multi-engine units with for the most part electronics there were serious troubles with the work of compasses. All electromagnetic oscillations emanating from the second devices had a significant impact on the accuracy and operation of the instrument readings.
In some cases, the compass readings could differ from the true ones by a dozen degrees, and this is quite a lot to determine the correct direction of flight. All compasses during the flight experience accelerating and magnetic actions, which lead to deviation.
Magnetic deviation. The totality of each compass acquires action from different magnetic fields of both the Earth itself and other sources of magnetism specifically on board the aircraft. These can be radio systems, electrical wiring and its fields, and the metal mass of the structure itself.
Therefore, the compasses on board the aircraft have errors in their own readings, which are usually called magnetic deviation.
This deviation parameter can be calculated at the experimental level, along with this, there are three subcategories of deviation, in particular, constant, quarter and semicircular.
The permanent magnetic deviation on board the aircraft is caused by the inaccuracy of the compass itself. It is characterized by dependence on the magnetic course itself.
The semi-circular magnetic deviation in compass readings is possibly caused by the so-called hard iron, which has a permanent magnetic charge. In addition, readings are affected by more permanent sources such as wiring and electrical appliances. They have a constant strength and direction of action on the compass.
There is also such a thing as inertial deviation, which appears due to chatter, speed transformation, turn, all this forms forces that affect the readings of the magnetic compass on board the aircraft. All this significantly complicates the work with the calculation and the device of the fidelity of the direction.
Nevertheless, in the manufacture of the aircraft themselves and compasses, designers take into account all deviations and these effects. To reduce third-party actions on the accuracy of the compass readings, sets are used that allow you to significantly reduce all of the above actions on the accuracy of the readings.
Overview of the compass and little men and planes
The magnetic compass in the aircraft determines and maintains the heading of the direction of flight. The heading of the aircraft is the angle between the longitudinal axis of the aircraft and the actual direction along the meridian. It is customary to count the course from the northern direction of the meridian. From the meridian count the angle clockwise to the longitudinal axis of the aircraft. As you know, the course can be magnetic, compass and true.
The principle of operation of each compass is based on the action of a magnetic needle, which is installed in the plane of the magnetic meridian in the north direction. After determining the magnetic meridian with the help of a compass, the angle to the longitudinal axis of the aircraft is measured - this is the magnetic heading. It should be noted that modern compasses installed in the cockpit are structurally different from field compasses. The construction of aviation compasses uses materials that exhibit weak magnetic or diamagnetic properties. The main structural parts of an aircraft compass are: a bracket, a heading line, a deviation device, a card, a bowler hat.
A kettle is a vessel made of aluminum or copper and hermetically sealed with a glass lid. The inside of the kettle is filled with a liquid, usually naphtha or wine alcohol. Replacing or adding liquid significantly impairs the performance of the device and may lead to complete unusability. The liquid serves as a damper and dampens the vibrations of the card, and also reduces the pressure of the pin on the firebox.
In the middle of the pot there is a column on which a potato is attached. A card is a complex of connected magnets, which are directed one to one with the same charged pole. In most cases, aviation compass cards consist of two horizontal and two vertical magnets. The magnets must be positioned with a high degree of accuracy, since the slightest shift can cause the readings to deviate from the true ones. The upper pairs of magnets have a much larger magnetic moment than the lower pairs, at a ratio of 15 CGSm to 12 CGSm. As a result, the total moment should not be lower than 54-56 CGSm. The quality of the compass depends on the correct selection of magnets and their sizes. An arrow is installed at the end of the card, which points to the side of the horizon; it serves to orientate in the flight map. The total magnetic system is calculated for 200 hours of engine operation. Inside the bowler there is a course line, which is used as an index when counting the course.
The aircraft compass bowl is filled with liquid, and when the temperature changes, its volume changes, which can lead to a malfunction in the instrument readings. To avoid this situation, a compensation chamber is installed.
This design is used in all modern aircraft compasses. There are differences, they appear mainly in the depreciation system or the shape of the card. Lighting devices are also used for night operation.
The practical application of the compass on an aircraft shows that its use is different for the navigator and the pilot. The pilot uses this device to select the correct direction of flight. It is used to analyze flight fidelity and detect course deviations. As for the navigator, he uses the compass to quickly calculate the flight map, as well as to analyze the course. The navigator's compass is considered to be the main one on board the aircraft. Because of this, two types of magnetic aviation compasses are distinguished, which are installed on the aircraft's boron - this is the main and directional.
Aircraft magnetic compass deviation
Even at the dawn of the aircraft industry, all aircraft, without exception, were equipped with magnetic compasses, which did an excellent job of determining the magnetic course of the device. Nevertheless, with the further development of multi-engine units with a large part of the electronics, significant problems arose with the operation of compasses. All electromagnetic vibrations emanating from other devices significantly affected the operation and accuracy of the readings of the device. In some cases, the compass readings could differ from the true ones by a dozen degrees, and this is a lot to determine the correct direction of flight. All compasses during flight experience accelerating and magnetic effects that lead to deviation.
Magnetic deviation. The system of each compass receives influence from various magnetic fields both of the Earth itself and other sources of magnetism directly on board the aircraft. These can be radio systems, electrical wiring and its fields, as well as the steel mass of the structure itself. Because of this, the compasses on board the aircraft have errors in their readings, which are commonly called magnetic deviation.
The permanent magnetic deviation on board the aircraft is caused by the inaccuracy of the compass itself. It is characterized by dependence on the magnetic course itself.
The semi-circular magnetic deviation in compass readings can be caused by the so-called hard iron, which has a permanent magnetic charge. Readings are also affected by more permanent sources such as electrical appliances and wiring. They have a constant force and direction of influence on the compass.
There is also such a thing as inertial deviation, which occurs due to chatter, changes in speed, turn, all this creates forces that affect the readings of the magnetic compass on board the aircraft. All this greatly complicates the work with the device and the calculation of the fidelity of the direction.
Nevertheless, in the manufacture of compasses and the aircraft themselves, designers take into account all these effects and deviations. To reduce third-party influences on the accuracy of the compass readings, systems are used that can significantly reduce all of the above impacts on the accuracy of the readings.
From the book School of Survival in Accidents and Disasters author Ilyin AndreyAVIATION TRANSPORT Statistics say that aviation is the most safe view transport. On average, just over 3,000 people die in aviation accidents worldwide every year. For comparison, I will give all the same statistics of traffic accidents,
From the book All About Everything. Volume 1 the author Likum ArkadyWho Invented the Compass? The simplest form of a compass is a magnetic needle mounted on a rod so that it can rotate freely in all directions. The arrow of such a so-called compass points to "north", which refers to the North magnetic pole
From the book 100 great inventions author Ryzhov Konstantin Vladislavovich21. KOMPAS Compass, like paper, was invented by the Chinese in ancient times. In the III century BC. the Chinese philosopher Hen Fei-tzu described the device of the modern compass as follows: it looked like a pouring spoon made of magnetite with a thin handle and spherical, carefully
From the book Big Soviet Encyclopedia(AS) author TSB From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (AB) of the author TSB From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (YOU) of the author TSB From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (GI) of the author TSB From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (GO) of the author TSB From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (KA) of the author TSB From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (KO) of the author TSB From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (MO) of the author TSB From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (PO) of the author TSB From the book 100 famous inventions author Pristinsky Vladislav Leonidovich From the book Great Encyclopedia of Technology author Team of authors From the author's book From the author's bookAircraft rocket engine Aircraft rocket engine is a direct reaction engine that converts any type of primary energy into the kinetic energy of the working fluid and creates jet thrust. The thrust force is applied directly to the body of the rocket
navigation device for measuring the course of an aircraft. In aviation, astrocompasses are used (see Astronavigation systems), gyrocompasses, magnetic compasses, and radio compasses. Due to significant measurement errors, magnetic transformers are used only as backup.
Watch value Compass Aviation in other dictionaries
Aviation- aviation, aviation. App. to aviation. Air base.
Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov
Compass- m. German, White Sea, uterus, magnetic needle on a hairpin, with a paper card, on which the cardinal points or 32 winds are marked, rumba (architectural strika). The mountain compass serves ........
Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary
Compass- (compass obsolete), compass, m. (it. compasso) (physical). A physical device for recognizing the countries of the world, consisting of a magnetized needle that always points north.
Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov
Aviation App.- 1. Corresponding in value. with noun: aviation associated with it. 2. Characteristic of aviation, characteristic of it.
Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova
Compass M.- 1. A device for orientation relative to the sides of the horizon, indicating the direction of the geographic or magnetic meridian. 2. trans. unfold The one who determines the direction ........
Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova
Aviation— oh, oh. to Aviation. Ah industry. Ah devices. A-th reconnaissance (carried out by means of aviation). A. sports (a combination of aircraft modeling, parachuting, gliding, ........
Explanatory Dictionary of Kuznetsov
Compass- -a; (in the speech of sailors) compass, -a; m. [ital. compasso] An instrument for determining the countries of the world, having a magnetized needle that always points north. Sea to. Follow the compass .........
Explanatory Dictionary of Kuznetsov
Compass- the conclusion of marketing research, giving recommendations to the manufacturer or seller on the behavior in the market.
Economic dictionary
Aviation Personnel- - persons with special training and carrying out activities to ensure flight safety aircraft and aviation security, organizations, ........
Law Dictionary
Compass- Borrowing either from German (Kompass), or from Italian, where compasso is "compass". The change in value is explained by the action of the magnetic needle, which rotates freely........
Etymological Dictionary of Krylov
Hospital Aviation- G., intended for the treatment and military medical examination of the flight and flight technical personnel of the Air Force.
Big Medical Dictionary
Aviation Sports- the collective name of aviation sports. See Aeromodelling, Parachuting, Gliding, Aircraft.
Aviation Transport- see Transport.
Big encyclopedic dictionary
Compass- , a device for orientation to the cardinal points, which also serves to indicate the direction of the magnetic field. It consists of a horizontally located, movable fixed ........
Scientific and technical encyclopedic dictionary
Gyromagnetic Compass- a gyroscopic device for determining the course of an aircraft, a vessel relative to the magnetic meridian. The action of the gyromagnetic compass is based on the correction of ........
Big encyclopedic dictionary
- founded in 1932. Trains engineering personnel in the main specialties of aviation machine and instrument making, radio engineering, etc. In 1991, approx. 9 thousand students.
Big encyclopedic dictionary
Compass- (German Kompass) - a device indicating the direction of the geographic or magnetic meridian; serves for orientation relative to the sides of the horizon. Distinguish magnetic, ........
Big encyclopedic dictionary
- (Mai Technical University since 1993), founded in 1930. Trains engineering personnel in the specialties of aircraft and helicopter construction, economics and organization of the production of aircraft ........
Big encyclopedic dictionary
Moscow Aviation Technological University (Matu)- has been conducting history since 1932. Trains engineering personnel in the specialties of the aviation industry, materials science, instrument making, economics and management, in the field of security ........
Big encyclopedic dictionary
Compass- a compass device for determining the sides of the horizon and measuring magnetic azimuths on the ground, for example. while moving along the route. Main parts of the compass - magnetic needle, ........
Geographic Encyclopedia
Compass- - a device that indicates the direction of the geographic or magnetic meridian, serves to orient relative to the sides of the horizon. In a broad sense - the right direction.
Historical dictionary
COMPASS- KOMPAS, -a (sailors have a compass, -a), m. A device for determining the cardinal points (sides of the horizon). Magnetic to. (with a magnetized arrow, always pointing to the north). || adj.........
Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov
