APPROVE

Lecturer (head of discipline)

separate discipline

(history, social studies and geography)

PLAN - LESSON SUMMARY

Lesson topic: The final stage of World War II. Destruction of Japan.

Methodological purpose of the lesson: to show the application of critical thinking technology in history lessons.

Purpose: to trace the course of the final operations at the final stage of the Second World War; reveal the historical significance of these military actions, which led to the complete defeat of militaristic Japan, the salvation of the peoples of the world from fascism

Lesson objectives:

Educational: introduce the participants of the anti-Hitler coalition at the final stage of the war to the military-strategic operations; characterize the decisions of the conference; show the decisive role of the Soviet Union in the victory over Japanese fascism

Developing: to continue the formation of skills to analyze historical facts on the basis of historical documents, to reveal cause-and-effect relationships; express a reasoned point of view when discussing historical problems; systematize, classify and generalize historical facts

Educational: to instill in students a sense of patriotism, respect for the war, to form among the Suvorovites.

Lesson type: lesson learning a new topic

Material support of the lesson: presentation, textbook, interactive map, video clip, documents.

Teaching methods: activity, partially search, research

During the classes.

Teacher _______________

During the classes

I. Organizational moment.

II. Introductory speech of the teacher: The Soviet-Japanese war of 1945 is one of the events in history that are of ambiguous interest. To this day, many abroad believe that it was thanks to the atomic bombing of the Japanese cities of Nagasaki and Hiroshima that the power of militaristic Japan was broken, which put an end to the entire World War II. Unfortunately, this grandiose battle of the Second World War, despite its uniqueness and scale, still remains unknown or little known in our country, which, obviously, prompts the current politicians of Japan to desire to increasingly oppose Russia with demands for the return of the "northern territories". ". This war left an extremely deep mark on history, and remains in fact the only unresolved knot of the Second World War. Its consequences continue to have a strong influence on modern Russian-Japanese relations.

For me personally, the defeat of Japan is of great importance: my grandfather, a major, fought here and could have died. He was wounded. He was awarded the medals "For Military Merit" and "For the Victory over Japan", carefully kept in our family. (demonstration of real medals to students)

Yes, and all of us in the Far East are not indifferent to the history of the Second World War, which swept through our lands. Among the guys present here are residents of the Kuriles, Transbaikalia, Khabarovsk and, of course,. Today you will be given the honor to participate in liberation and offensive operations in your native lands. In addition, by enrolling in the Suvorov military school, you are preparing yourself for the profession of a military officer. A significant part of you will serve in the Far East. This means that you need to carefully study and know the features of conducting military operations in the Far Eastern Theater. For if you want peace, prepare for war!

So the goals are clear, let's write down the topic of the lesson. (Slide #1) Get to know the plan (Slide #2)

III. Presentation of new material on the issues:

A) the USSR and its allies.

A fragment of the Potsdam Conference is presented to your attention (Scene "At the Potsdam Conference" on.) (Slide No. 3)

Your task: to determine what the allies agreed on.

b) Causes of the war with Japan. (Slide number 4)

Group work. (General Staff of the Armies of the USSR and the USA)

Using the information received from the leaders of the anti-Hitler coalition, your knowledge and the text of the textbook on the page, formulate at least 3 reasons for the war with Japan for your countries. Record the reasons on the slide.

Assignment to the General Staff of Japan: look at the map of your possessions and determine where and how you would best position your troops to defeat a potential enemy.

C) Plans of action. Reception "Map without a legend" based on the analysis of statistics. (Slide number 5)

Map plans for war. (Japan, USSR, USA). .

Teacher's word. The interests of restoring peace demanded the speedy liquidation of the Far Eastern seat of war. True to its allied obligations, the Soviet Union could not remain aloof from this important task. In 1945, the Soviet government denounced the neutrality treaty with Japan of April 13, 1941, and in 1945 announced its entry into the war.

D) The course of hostilities (Slide No. 6-8)

Teacher's word. To study the course of hostilities, you will work in pairs with documents and a map.

You have the honor to liberate the territories of your small homeland.

United States - a video about the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

Assignment for Japan: Was the bombing the defeat of Japan?

Physical education (Slide number 9)

work in pairs with documents and a map. (Slide №10), interactive map

Transbaikal Front

Manchurian front

Sakhalin

Manchurian strategic offensive operation under the leadership of the Commander-in-Chief of the Soviet troops in the Far East, Marshal of the Soviet Vasilevsky. - 1945, the troops of the Trans-Baikal, 1st and 2nd Far Eastern fronts, the forces of the Pacific Fleet and the Amur military flotilla carried out the Manchurian strategic operation, surrounded and defeated the Kwantung Army, which numbered more than 1 million soldiers and officers, 6.6 thousand guns and mortars, over 1.2 thousand tanks, more than 1.9 thousand combat aircraft.

At the same time, the South Sakhalin (11 - ) and Kuril landing ( - ) operations were carried out. The Soviet Union returned to its structure South Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands. The number of prisoners was about 593 thousand people. The Red Army lost more than 36,000 soldiers and officers during the entire period of the fighting, of which more than 12,000 were killed.

Over Hiroshima, and on August 9, atomic bombs were detonated over Nagasaki. As a result, two cities with the entire population were actually swept off the face of the earth.

1. What goals did the US pursue?

2. Was it advisable to use atomic weapons?

Teacher's word. (Slide #11) Operation codenamed "August Storm" began in 1945, almost simultaneously with the bombing of Nagasaki. In two weeks of fighting, Japan lost 84,000 servicemen killed, and the USSR - 12,000. Soviet troops did not reach only 50 kilometers to the northern Japanese island of Hokkaido.

This operation became one of the largest - in terms of scale, impressive - in organization and design, and successful - in tactical conduct, campaigns of World War II; in the shortest possible time, a territory equal to all of Western Europe was captured!

(Slide number 12-16), Japan capitulated. The formal act of surrender was signed aboard the USS Missouri in 1945 by representatives of the United States, England, China, the USSR and Japan.World War II ended.

The video "Japanese Surrender" is used to check the correctness of the study of the topic.

E) The results of the war and the origins of victory. During the war, the Japanese army lost 677 thousand soldiers, in particular, 83 thousand were killed, 594 thousand surrendered. The victory of the Soviet army in the Far East War hastened the defeat of the Japanese fascists and contributed to China's victory in the War of Resistance against the Japanese Invaders.

4 Final stage. Demonstration of a fragment of the video project by Suvorov Chunin "My grandfather is a veteran of the Great Patriotic War." (Slide number 17)

Self-study task: (Slide number 18)

1. Prepare an oral response on the topic "The Defeat of Japan"

2. Determine the significance of the victory of the USSR in the war with Japan. (5-7 points)

Hint: The phrase is in Chinese. (Russians and Chinese are brothers forever!)

Reflection: Reception "6 hats of thinking". (Slide #19-25)

Estimates. Word to the experts. Our lesson is coming to an end. I would like to believe that everything that was said today resonated in your hearts, and we will all remember the terrible days of the war, those who gave their lives defending peace on Earth. We will appreciate life, no matter how difficult it may seem, cherish and love the people whom fate destined to be with you. The words "as long as there is no war" are not just empty sounds. Everything can be experienced and overcome when there is no war on earth...

Lesson for studying new material for 10 grades on the topic: "Japan: territory, borders, population."

Developed and conducted by a geography teacher of the MOU secondary school No. 4 of the urban district - the city of Novovoronezh

Kovaleva Galina Valentinovna

Summary of the 10th grade lesson on the topic:

"Japan: Territory, Borders, Population".

Teaching and educational goals:

1. Assimilation of knowledge about the main features of the EGP.

2. The problem of using raw materials on the territory.

3. Placement of the population.

4. Formation of moral values ​​and aesthetic attitude to beauty, spiritual culture of the Japanese people.

Equipment:

Computer, projector, screen, presentation. Political, economic map of Japan. Atlases, drawings, tables, national costumes, flag, coat of arms, mats, Japanese things.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction by the teacher.

2. The name of the country and the composition of the territory.

3. EGP. Its change over time.

4. Features of the population. demographic policy.

5. Natural resources and their use. Assessment of the natural resource potential for the development of industry and agriculture.

6. Culture of Japan.

During the classes.

Introduction by the teacher.

Today we have an unusual lesson. We will make a trip to a country that is called very strangely - "Country in reverse." And there is every reason for this. In this amazing country, a woman gives a coat, the steering wheel in the car is on the right side, the cats are tailless, here they write from top to bottom, eat with chopsticks, sleep on the floor, and the white color is mourning.

What country are we talking about? Did you guess? They opened the atlases and found Japan. Yes, this is Japan. And our guides will help us to understand and get to know this peculiar country.

(Introduction of student guides). And now the guide will highlight one question for us.

1. Tour guide.

The name of the country, the composition of the territory.

(slide "about the country")

The ancient name of the country is Yamato. The Japanese call it Nippon or Nihon, i.e. "Land of the Rising Sun" The national flag of Japan is white with a red circle - the sun in the middle. The round chrysanthemum is the national flower of Japan.

Japan is an archipelago country located on four large islands: Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku and almost four thousand small islands in the Pacific Ocean.

The capital of Japan is Tokyo, which means "Eastern Capital". It is located on the island of Honshu, on the site of the former Edo Castle.

2. Tour guide.

(slide "G.P.")

EG and PG positions of Japan. The influence of the EGP on the development of the country, its change over time.

Japan is an ancient state, however, until the 20th century it was hidden from the eyes of Europeans. Japan has not had a peace treaty with Russia since World War II. Without sufficient grounds, claims Russia to the islands of the Kuril chain: Kunashir, Iturup, Shikotan, Hoboman.

Japan is included in the "Big Seven", which indicates its high economic development, but is not a member of NATO and other associations, due to its remoteness from most countries. The main position of Japan in the center of the Asia-Pacific region opens up opportunities for her to participate in the international geographical division of labor.

3. Tour guide.

(slide "Population", "state - political structure", "administrative - territorial division", "languages")

Features of the population. demographic policy.

The population of Japan is 127 million people. This is the tenth largest in the world.

Territory - 377 thousand km. sq.

The average density is 337 people. per km. sq.

Japan is a constitutional monarchy, an empire. It is practically the only empire in the world. In 1947, a constitution was adopted, before that there was an absolute monarchy, the law endowed the emperor with unlimited power and divine origin. The current emperor of the country is Akihito.

According to the state structure, Japan is a unitary state. 76% of the population lives in cities. There are more than 200 large cities in the country. 12 of them are millionaire cities.

Japan is characterized by the 1st type of reproduction of a lesson on the basics of family planning, which is carried out already in the senior classes.

Japan is a nation of healthy people with the lowest infant mortality rate in the world (4 per 1000 inhabitants), in the USA - 8 per 1000, in Russia - 18 per 1000, and the highest level of life expectancy (M. - 76 years, F - 82 of the year). For comparison, Russia: M - 62 years old, F - 72 years old.

Why do the Japanese live so long.

1. All products in stores are the freshest. A lot of seafood is eaten.
2. The very attitude to life. The Japanese, like no other people in the world, know and understand how fragile life is. The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki still remain in my memory. The Japanese value life and cherish nature, forests, rivers, animals and life.
3. In Japanese relations, goodwill reigns.
4. Walking habit. Once upon a time, the country was proclaimed the slogan: "Ten thousand steps a day for the sake of health," which has become a life rule for every Japanese.
5. Hygiene. Everyone who sneezes, blows his nose wears on his face, covering his nose and mouth, a special gauze mask. And to wear these hygienic dressings are already taught in kindergarten.

And what did each of you think about from all that was said? (thinking)

(slide "languages", "religion")

The national composition of the population is homogeneous - 99% of the population are Japanese. The Japanese language is specific and does not belong to any of the language families.

The Japanese are a religious people. The religion came from India - Buddhism. The Japanese belief system is Shinto, which means "divine way". The temple is multi-tiered with a fancifully curved roof at the corners.

Japan is a country of high culture and complete literacy, where much attention is paid to education and upbringing from early childhood. The Japanese sacredly revere ancient rituals and traditions, which include: reverence for elders, kimonos, features of Japanese cuisine, table setting, ikebana tea ceremony, bonsai, geisha, in the translation "Man of Arts" - entertain, sing, she is educated, knows poetry , art

A short message about some of the traditions of Japan.

1. The Japanese have their own national costume - kimono. Kimonos are still worn today, from young to old, by inheritance, one for all, there is no difference - male or female. All joyful events: the birth of a child, weddings, holidays, grief. Kimono is ceremonial or mourning. An indispensable attribute of a women's toilet are: a hairpin for decoration and a fan.

The Japanese bow and smile. The subordinate bows to his boss by bending the body at an angle of 45 degrees, colleagues bow at an angle of 15 degrees, clients at an angle of 30 degrees. To each his own corner.

2. Earthquakes often occur in Japan, so light houses have been built here for a long time, the destruction of which does not kill people. The houses are made of light wooden planks. The walls slide apart like closet doors - this allows you to change the layout. The floors are covered with special mats made of special rice straw - tatami. During the day they sit on them, have dinner, and at night they make a bed on them. There is little furniture. Instead of chairs, cushions, and instead of forks, sticks. Particular attention is paid to tea drinking.

3. Tea drinking in Japan is a whole rite called “cha no yu”, which means “tea ceremony”.

All participants in the ceremony sit on the floor. One of them pours powdered green tea into a cup. Pour boiling water over it and beat with a special bamboo whisk. The ceremony takes place in complete silence. Particular attention is paid to water quality. When the guests begin to leave, the hosts will give them a farewell paper bird - a crane. It is believed that it brings happiness to people.

Natural resources and their use. Assessment of natural resource potential for the development of industry and agriculture.

(slide "resources", "economy")

Nature on the Japanese islands is cruel. Earthquakes happen often. Typhoons bring tangible harm to the country. But I will add that the nature of Japan is stingy. The country is poor in mineral resources, so other natural resources are of particular importance. The country has shifted from metal-intensive and energy-intensive production to the latest science-intensive industries. The favorable agro-climatic resources make it possible to harvest two crops of rice and vegetables a year. Forests occupy 2/3 of the country's territory. Rapids and short rivers of Japan - hydropower and water for irrigation of fields. The fauna of the Sea of ​​Japan is rich and varied. (quiet Japanese music plays).

(slide "culture")

Of particular interest to the Japanese is the Japanese cherry - sakura. Its fruits are not edible. Sakura blooms one day - the buds swell and the flowers fly around. The long-awaited time for the awakening of nature begins here with a sudden and violent outbreak of cherry blossoms. Its pink inflorescences excite and delight the Japanese not only with their abundance, but also with their fragility. Cherry blossom petals never fade. Whirling merrily, they fly to the ground from the smallest breath of wind.

Let's have a competition between the rows. Which row is more erudite?

In today's lesson, we visited one of the corners of our planet, in an amazing country in which people, in defiance of nature, which did not give them enough minerals or land, reached such economic heights that many on earth could envy them.

Who are the Japanese?

What drives them?

Lesson conclusion: the cultural, intellectual, physical capital of the nation plays a special role in achieving economic heights.

And now we will have a competition between the rows. For each correct answer, the student will receive a token.

First row.

1. 99% of the population are ... (Japanese);
2. Religion from India to Japan. (Buddhism);
3. The name of the moral code of the samurai. (Bushido);
4. Which religion was officially banned in Japan? (Christianity);
5. The name of the mats that cover the floor. (Tatami);
6. Now the newlyweds exchange rings according to European customs. Than before? (three times with a cup of sake);
7. What do the Japanese call their country? (Nippon shi Nakhon);
8. Type of reproduction of the population (first);
9. Cultivation of dwarf trees (Bonsai);
10. What island is Tokyo on? (Honshu);
11. Type of Japanese economy (Post-industrial);
12. North Island of the four major islands of Japan (Hokkaido);
13. Strait separating Hokkaido from the Kuril Islands (Kunashirsky);
14. Monetary unit (Yen);
15. How do you translate "karate"? (Fight without weapons).

Second row.

1. The main direction of agriculture (Rison);
2. Japanese belief system (Shinto);
3. The estate, which recognized in the 12th - 14th centuries. military prowess is the basis of society (Samurai);
4. Samurai suicide procedure (Harakiri) codified;
5. The sacred book of the Japanese (Kojiki);
6. The name of the sticks used to eat rice (Hashi);
7. What gesture is missing from the Japanese when meeting friends? (handshake);
8. Capital of Japan (Tokyo);
9. Beautiful writing with a brush and ink (Coligraphy);
10. South Island of the four major islands (Kyushu);
11. Strait separating Hokkaido from Sakhalin (Laperouse);
12. What structure gave rise to the city of Tokyo? (Edo Castle);
13. What does "Tokyo" mean? (Eastern capital);
14. The highest mountain in Japan (Fujiyama - 3776 m.);
15. What does "Aikido" mean? (Self-defense).

1. Summarize the lesson. Who scored more tokens, give positive marks

2. Set homework.

3. Put marks.

The territory of Japan is about 370 thousand square meters, which allows it to occupy only the 61st place in the world ranking of countries with the largest territory. However, the number of people living in this territory of 129 million people (as of 2015), puts Japan among the most densely populated countries in the world. The country ranks 10th in the list of countries in terms of the number of people living.

Geographic characteristics

Japan is an island state. It is located on 4 large islands, whose names are familiar to all lovers of geography: Honshu, Hokkaido, Shikoku, Kyushu. They make up 98% of the country's territory. The remaining 2% falls on 3 thousand small and sometimes even small islands. In order to keep in touch between disparate territories, the islands united through a system of bridges and tunnels dug underground and under water. This is how a single land space was created in Japan.

Nature

The Land of the Rising Sun is also often referred to as the land of steep slopes. And this is true. The vast majority (about 3/4) of all mountain ranges in the country are too scattered to be developed. The contours of the mountains are angular, with pointed contours. The only exceptions are the mountain ranges located in the south of Honshu and Kyushu. Yes, and near the coast of the island of Hokkaido, you can see the smooth outlines of mountain ranges.

The highest mountains, by analogy with European ones, are called the Japanese Alps. They are located in the center of the island of Honshu, not far from Tokyo. They are quite high - peaks of 3000 meters above sea level are not uncommon here. Due to their appearance and attractiveness, they are a tourist attraction...

Japan has a huge number of rivers. Their profiles are short and quite steep. Because of this, their use for shipping is difficult. The waters of these rivers are clean, transparent, they have a lot of various fish. The three largest Japanese rivers are named Shinano, Ishikari and Kanto. Shinano originates in the Japanese Alps, flows for more than 360 km and then flows into the Sea of ​​Japan. Ishikari begins in the western part of Hokaido, flows almost the same distance and also feeds the Sea of ​​Japan with its waters. As for Kanto, it passes through the Kanto plain and flows into Tokyo Bay, and therefore indirectly we can say that it flows directly into the Pacific Ocean ...

The territory of the country is generously washed by various seas and oceans. In the east and south, its islands are dominated by the Pacific Ocean. In the west, there are the coasts of the East China and Japan Seas, and in the North, the Sea of ​​Okhotsk...

In Japan, you can find a lot of different types of flora and fauna. This is a consequence of the fact that the climate here is very favorable for their living, the humidity is quite high. Plus, the island isolation of the country is doing its job. A feature of the flora and fauna is the fact that here you can often find endemics - animals that live only in this part of the globe. Yes, and forests make up 60% of the country's territory, which only contributes to the development of flora and fauna.

Of the plants, camphor laurels, oaks and camellias are common, you can also find bamboo and ginkgo. Their animals are of particular interest to Japanese macaques, raccoon dogs, shrews, flying squirrels and chipmunks, copper pheasants...

The climate of the country can be described as mild and humid. In winter, the temperature rarely drops below zero. Severe cold is very rare, but in Northern Japan you can find snow, which, however, melts rather quickly. The seasons in nature are more or less pronounced, and the spring cherry blossoms are especially beautiful ...

Resources

The country has a very low resource potential. Almost all natural resources are in great deficit, and above all mineral ones. And although various types of minerals are present in the country, the reserves of these resources are minimal, and the needs of such countries are great. Therefore, the country is forced to import almost all minerals from neighboring states, more generously endowed with nature ...

Japan is a unique country. After all, despite the dependence on imported resources, the industrial approach to production, as well as the potential itself, is huge. This is how ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, mechanical engineering (Japanese cars are known all over the world as an example of reliability), and shipbuilding were developed. Many residential and administrative facilities are being built, the chemical and petrochemical industries are at the peak of their development. The country has achieved great achievements in the field of digital technologies.

As for agriculture, on soils on which nothing grows at all, Japanese farmers, using modern technologies, grow vegetables and fruits in fairly large quantities ...

culture

The cultural layer of the country is very original and unique. The Japanese adhere to ancient traditions such as the tea ceremony, kimono and geisha, which are not found in any other country in the world. There are two main religions in Japan - Shintoism and Buddhism, and the people themselves are quite hospitable, although they show characteristic restraint in showing any emotions...

Geography teacher MBOU secondary school No. 4 p. Merchansky

Mironov Vladimir Viktorovich

Goals and objectives of the lesson:

To form an idea of ​​​​students about Japan, its natural features;

Continue work on the formation of skills to independently obtain knowledge from various sources of information;

Develop skills in working with a map, the ability to compare;

Develop students' curiosity;

Formation of moral values ​​and aesthetic attitude to life, beauty and spiritual culture of the Japanese people.

Equipment: political map of Foreign Asia, physical map of Eurasia, climate maps, "Population density and peoples", computer, projector

During the classes

Teacher ( against the backdrop of a soft-sounding Japanese melody)

Today in the lesson we will continue the study of the countries of East Asia. On the board is a lesson plan for which we will consider the features of Japan. What do you know about Japan?

1. The geographical position of Japan. Symbols

2.Relief of Japan

3. The climate of Japan

4. Inland waters of Japan

5. Nature of Japan

5. Population of Japan

6. Economic features of Japan

1.The geographical position of the country.

The story of the teacher and students is accompanied by the display of geographical objects on large wall maps.

Question? Determine from the map which island is the largest? (Hokkaido)

Question? In the north, the country is washed by what sea? (by the Sea of ​​Okhotsk), in the east - (by the waters of the Pacific Ocean), in the south - (by the Pacific Ocean and the waters of the East China Sea), in the west - (by the Korea Strait and the Sea of ​​Japan). Japan lays claim to the Russian-owned Kuril Islands, which lie to the north of Hokkaido.

Japan is an island state, located on four large islands: Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu, as well as the islands of the Ryukyu archipelago and more than a thousand small islands. The capital is Tokyo.

2. Relief of Japan. According to the atlas, students determine and draw conclusions about the relief of the country. . The highest ranges are on the island of Honshu. The mountainous surface of the islands is very diverse both in structure and in height. There are volcanic cones and plateaus, massifs with gentle slopes, processed by flowing waters. Here is the highest peak of the country, sacred to its inhabitants - the extinct Fujiyama volcano, with a height of 3,776 m.

3. The climate of Japan.

Assignment to work in pairs.

On the climatic map, characterize the climate of the country, on the climatogram, determine the highest and lowest temperatures and the minimum and maximum amount of precipitation.

4. Inland waters of Japan

On a physical map, give a general description of the rivers of the country.

Nature of Japan

On the map of natural zones, give a general description of the nature of the country.

Population of Japan

Largest cities

Number (more than 125 million people), average density (almost 340 people per km 2). In terms of population, it ranks 8th in the world.

Question? Besides the Japanese, who else lives?(Korean, Chinese)

Question? What is the state language? ( Japanese, many speak English)

It has the lowest infant mortality and the highest average life expectancy in the world. In 1998, the average life expectancy: women - 83 years, men - 76 years.

7. Economic development of Japan. Determine from the atlas map:

Industry;

Agricultural development

Ecology.

Students learn that Japan is one of the most highly developed countries in the world. The country is known to the guys for its cars, robots, electronic computing and

household appliances. There are few natural resources in the country, so most of them have to be imported from abroad, including from Russia. Rice, tea, sugar cane are grown in the country, cattle, poultry, and pigs are bred. Except

fisheries, are engaged in artificial breeding of fish and pearl shells.

Landmarks of Japan. During the messages, students write down the basic concepts in a notebook: ikebana, tea ceremony, tatami, sumo, hanami, kimono, sakura

Anchoring

As a reinforcement, the children are invited to answer questions on the topic studied.

The teacher asks the students “What have you learned about Japan?”

objects presented in the paragraph.