Lake titicaca photography. Titicaca - a sea bay that turned into a lake
Even a cursory glance at the rating of the ten most discussed events in Russia's domestic politics for the year, two concepts can be immediately distinguished. Putin and Ukraine.
Against the backdrop of everything that is happening in Ukraine and the impact of what is happening on Russia, the LDPR deputy, who lost his post in the Duma (the tenth line in the rating), looks like the old woman who stole the teapot from Plevako's classic court speech. Yes, the local government reform law. Yes, the creation of a unified Supreme Court. It is important. More important is the old woman with the teapot, and even the fate of the deputy Alexei Mitrofanov. But even these reforms in the two branches of government pale in comparison to the Ukrainian background. Leadership positions in Crimea and Sevastopol (sixth position in the rating) are a more important topic for discussion than the chairmanship of any committee of the State Duma. But the most important thing is what Vladimir Putin will say. About the border with Ukraine, about Russian troops, about Crimea and Sevastopol. This is not flattery or accusation. It is a fact. Russian reality political life 2014.
The rating of accidents opens with a plane crash in Vnukovo. The tragic death of the head of Total, Christophe de Margerie, who was considered an active supporter of the lifting of anti-Russian sanctions by the West. Despite all the statements of Chechen leader Ramzan Kadyrov about the complete elimination of terrorism in the republic, two lines of this rating are occupied by terrorist attacks in Grozny. However, in terms of the number of positions taken in the "catastrophic" rating, Moscow is ahead of the capital of Chechnya. In addition to the plane that crashed in Vnukovo, there was also a subway train crash and a hostage-taking at a school.
The rating of the most discussed public events in 2014 was headed by the opposition "Peace March". In eighth place in the rating is "Russian March", in ninth place - riots on ethnic grounds in Pushkino. As we can see, the topic of Russian-Ukrainian relations attracted more attention than the topic of Russian nationalism. Among the many aspects of what is happening in Ukraine - mass flow Ukrainian refugees to Russia (third place in the ranking). Three lines are occupied by events in which many Russians saw the infringement of their rights (or an attempt to infringe them). These are the possible introduction of a requirement to work in a specialty, the fight against smoking and the requirement to identify persons connecting to public wireless networks.
Of the 20 laws adopted in Russia in 2014, which caused the most active discussion in society, three have the word “Crimea” in their names. The adoption of Crimea into Russia, the creation of a free economic zone on the peninsula and the creation of a gambling zone there. At least five laws out of twenty are aimed at weakening the harmful influence of the West on the life of Russia. The legislators targeted the storage of money offshore and personal data on foreign servers, the financial influence of the West on Russian public organizations and the media, and, finally, dual citizenship. The legislature paid serious attention to political and organizational reforms (changes in the rules for holding elections, reform of local self-government and the judiciary). Two more laws are an attempt to reform the virtual space (the law on bloggers and the "anti-piracy" law). Surprisingly, the most talked about law of the year has nothing to do with political system, neither with the Internet, nor with an external enemy, nor with the Crimea. This law sent Russia into the past. For an hour.
Information Center Publishing House "Kommersant", Alexey Alekseev
People born this year are not characterized by stubbornness and self-will. 2014 is the year of the Wood Horse animal, which ensures that people born this year have such character traits.
Among all other representatives of the Horse sign, they the most accommodating and friendly, easy to communicate, sociable. They are well-read and highly moral. Wooden Horses are people with strong energy who are constantly looking for someone else's company and fuss, and loneliness is a burden for them. They are active in social activities.
Those born in 2014, whom nature has delivered from the selfishness inherent in other Horses, are excellent partners for personal relationships.
Softness of character and harmlessness - these are the qualities that are so highly valued in them by others.
Those born in 2014 according to the Eastern calendar are extremely hardworking and conscientious. Their opinion is always respected, and their views are shared and considered interesting. Thanks to the perseverance of the people of the Wood Horse sign never lack money, never get into debt. In business, they always act reasonably and know the measure of everything.
People born in 2014, who are characterized by out-of-the-box thinking and a rich imagination, can easily build a career in the advertising and PR business, as well as in the field of art. Courteous and gallant, they become excellent TV presenters, designers and artists.
Those who were born in 2014 Animal Year Wood Horse, are energetic and passionate natures. And they will love and hate with equal force. But such a stormy temperament does not affect their endless loyalty to the chosen one.
What year of the Horse can still be?
With all their positive qualities, representatives of this sign are still somewhat selfish. Sometimes they bend their line and try by all means to become the head of the family, to take a dominant position. All responsibility, including material, they also take on themselves.
2014 according to the Eastern calendar endows people with some shortcomings. They are characterized by assertiveness, irascibility and categoricalness, which sometimes interferes with relationships.
Curious and fickle, they can change jobs, and sometimes professions, one after another. With all the hard work work for them is just a way to earn money. With more willingness Wooden Horses will focus on building a life and arranging a home.
They do not tolerate monotony. Lovers of travel, they choose those places where others are unlikely to venture to go.
Video: Chinese horoscope - Horse
From 7 to 23 February, the XXII Winter Olympic Games were held in Sochi. The Russian team won 33 medals, which is a record number in the history of the USSR and the Russian Federation. At the XI Paralympic Winter Games, the Russian team received 80 awards - an absolute record for the duration of the Paralympics.
Reunification of Crimea with Russia
In connection with the political crisis and the change of power in Ukraine, on March 11, 2014, the Supreme Council of Crimea and the Sevastopol City Council adopted a declaration on the independence of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol. On March 16, a referendum was held, as a result of which 96.77% of the voters of the Republic of Crimea and 95.6% of Sevastopol voted for reunification with Russia. On March 18, an agreement was signed on the admission of new subjects to the Russian Federation.
Russian sanctions in response to Western sanctions
On August 7, Russia banned the import of certain food products from a number of European countries, the USA and Canada. This was a response to the sanctions against the Russian Federation, introduced by these countries since March 2014.
Russia signed an agreement with China on gas supplies via the Power of Siberia gas pipeline
On May 21, Gazprom and the China National Oil and Gas Corporation CNPC, during a visit to China by Russian President Vladimir Putin, signed a contract to supply gas to China via the Power of Siberia gas pipeline. The amount of the signed contract amounted to $400 billion. As expected, the volume of annual deliveries through the gas pipeline is 38 billion cubic meters. m. The first gas can go through the "Power of Siberia" in 4-6 years.
Change of power in Ukraine
In early 2014, opposition protests in Kyiv escalated into mass clashes. All attempts by the authorities to negotiate with the protesters or to disperse the rallies by force were unsuccessful. On February 21, an agreement "On the Settlement of the Political Crisis" was signed with the mediation of the EU and the Russian Federation. However, representatives of the opposition openly violated the agreements and, in fact, committed a violent seizure of power in Ukraine. President of Ukraine Viktor Yanukovych left the country, early presidential elections were scheduled, which were won by Petro Poroshenko.
Crisis in the South-East of Ukraine
After the change of power in Ukraine, residents of the southeastern regions opposed the "Euromaidan" and demanded the federalization of the country. In April, Kyiv launched a military operation against the militia units. By the summer, armed clashes had escalated into full-scale military operations using heavy armored vehicles and aircraft. On September 5 in Minsk, at a meeting of the Contact Group to resolve the situation, an agreement was reached on a ceasefire, after which the intensity of the conflict decreased. According to the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, the death toll is about 4.5 thousand people, more than 1 million refugees.
Malaysian Boeing crash over Ukrainian territory
On July 17, a Malaysia Airlines Boeing 777-200ER passenger plane crashed in the Donetsk region, flying from Amsterdam / the Netherlands / to Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia). 283 passengers and 15 crew members were killed. The main version of the disaster was the hit of a surface-to-air or air-to-air missile. The parties to the conflict in eastern Ukraine blamed each other for what happened. Representatives of the Russian Foreign Ministry have repeatedly stressed that they are not satisfied with the way the investigation is being conducted.
An agreement on the establishment of the Eurasian Economic Union was signed
On May 29, in Astana, Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus signed an agreement on the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), which comes into force on January 1, 2015. The parties pledged to coordinate policies in key sectors of the economy and guarantee the free movement of goods, services, capital and labor. On October 10, Armenia joined the treaty, on December 23 - Kyrgyzstan.
The case of Bashneft
In April, the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation opened a case against the former head of the Bashneft company, Ural Rakhimov, for violations during the privatization of enterprises in the fuel and energy complex of Bashkiria. On September 16, within the framework of this case, the main shareholder of AFK Sistema, Vladimir Yevtushenkov, was placed under house arrest, who was charged with legalizing property acquired by criminal means. At the end of October, the Moscow Arbitration Court returned Bashneft's shares to the state. On December 17, Vladimir Yevtushenkov was released from house arrest.
Mass closure of Russian tour operators
Since July 2014, more than 20 tour operators have closed in Russia due to falling demand, the largest of them being Ideal Tour, Labyrinth and Neva. The bankruptcy of these companies affected about 150 thousand citizens of the Russian Federation.
Total CEO Christophe de Margerie dies in plane crash at Vnukovo airport
On October 21, the plane of the head of the oil corporation Total, Christophe de Margerie, crashed at Vnukovo-3 airport. De Margerie himself and all the crew members perished. The main versions of the crash, the investigation called the error of dispatchers and the actions of the driver of the snowplow into which the plane crashed.
Russia announced the refusal of the construction of "South Stream"
On December 1, Russian President Vladimir Putin, during his visit to Turkey, announced Russia's decision to stop the implementation of the South Stream project. The infrastructure already built under the project will be used in a new gas pipeline that will pass through Turkey.
The fall of the ruble
From January 1 to December 23, the value of the dual-currency basket increased 1.6 times against the ruble. The peak of the fall of the ruble reached December 16: on this day the dollar exchange rate exceeded 80 rubles, the euro - 100 rubles. After a number of measures taken by the Bank of Russia and the government of the Russian Federation to stabilize the national currency, the ruble began to grow.
The end of December is the time to take stock of the outgoing year. Our editors have already introduced you to some of the results of 2014. Now we bring to your attention a material in which we will briefly tell you what 2014 will be remembered for in Russia and the world as a whole.
Olympics in Sochi. Games in Russian
2014 began on a positive note, euphoria and general joy. In February, the capital of winter sports became sunny resort Sochi. From February 7 to 23, athletes from all over the world came to Russia to demonstrate their skills and abilities. The Olympic Games in Sochi began in 2014.
The International Olympic Committee selected the host city for the 2014 Olympic Games on July 4, 2007. Russia has been waiting for this holiday of sports for seven years. And this year the whole world saw that Russia can surprise. The level of organization of the event was at the highest level. This was also noted by delegates from different countries and the journalists present.
But the time of preparation for the games was one of the hardest and most controversial. Money and corruption poured in from all sides. Few believed that Russia would be able to organize the games at a decent level. But all doubts were dispelled when the start was given to the first competitions.
There were also some funny cases. During the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games, one of the five rings did not open. But this technical malfunction did not affect the conduct of the event, and, even more so, the result of the Russian team. Moreover, the unopened ring has become the unofficial symbol of the Russian Games.
Russia in the overall standings by the number of medals. Russian athletes brought their country 13 gold, 11 silver and 9 bronze medals.
War in Ukraine. Overthrow of power
The current President of Ukraine Viktor Yanukovych, together with the first persons of the world, attended the opening of the Olympic Games in Sochi, and upon returning home, another performance awaited him, which in the end.
Five days after the end of the Olympic Games, power was seized in the capital by force. Incumbent President Yanukovych fled to Russia, where he remains to this day. Supporters of European integration committed offenses everywhere, destroying monuments, shops, destroying the capital of the country, now these actions are presented as “peaceful protests”.
The overthrow of the legitimate government did not go unpunished. A month later, in March 2014, uprisings broke out in eastern Ukraine. And a month later in the Donbass. Ukraine has learned what a clash of two opposing ideologies is.
The war brought Ukraine multibillion-dollar losses, the collapse of the economy, the depreciation of the national currency, and social problems. But the most terrible thing that this war is remembered for is the thousands of dead soldiers and civilians of Donbass. 2014 was the blackest year for Ukraine since the Great War against the Nazis.
ISIS. The hunt for the "infidels"
Representatives of ISIS also reached Russia. One of the supporters of the Islamists said that ISIS would come and liberate Chechnya and the Caucasus and establish an "Islamic Caliphate" there.
The fight against terrorism is still going on, but, unfortunately, so far without much results.
Ebola. Pandemic of the 21st century
The Ebola virus first appeared in 1976 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Then 318 people were affected by the virus, 280 of them died. After that, the virus broke out several times with a frequency of several years. Few people know, but in 2004 Russia could become the epicenter of the outbreak of the virus. Then in Russia one case of the disease was recorded, it ended in death. No more infections were recorded in Russia.
The prerequisites for a crisis in Russia appeared in the summer of 2014, when, and with it, the national currency began to collapse. This caused panic among the population. Against the background of the economic downturn, the standard of living of Russians began to fall.
