Gaksu during the Civil War. Aksu (city, Pavlodar region)

The territory of the city and its rural region (urban district (akimat) as a whole) borders on Aktogay district in the north, on Bayanaul, Maisky, Lebyazhinsk - in the south, on Pavlodar - in the east, with the rural area of ​​the city of Ekibastuz - in the west.

Population

The population of the city is 70,000 inhabitants as part of the urban district (city akimat) with subordinate rural settlements, including the city proper - 45,845 people (2012) and rural residents - 23,048 people.

• Kazakhs - 30,432 people (44.41%)
• Russians - 27,295 people. (39.83%)
• Ukrainians - 4007 people. (5.85%)
• Germans - 2,429 people. (3.54%)
• Tatars - 1382 people. (2.02%)
• Belarusians - 729 people. (1.06%)
• Moldovans - 403 people. (0.59%)
• Azerbaijanis - 239 people (0.34%)
• Chechens - 213 people. (0.31%)
• others - 1,339 people. (1.95%)
• Total - 68 522 people. (100.00%)

Story

Stele of Independence

The history of the city is inextricably linked with the discovery of coal deposits in the area of ​​Lake Ekibastuz.

End of the 19th century. Kazakhstan at that time, as part of the Russian Empire, was increasingly drawn into the economy of capitalist development. The development of the economy and trade of Russia - the metropolis and Kazakhstan - the colony increased the supply of raw materials from Kazakhstan to Russia and, accordingly, the import of other raw materials - goods, timber, products from Russia to Kazakhstan.

By this time, the discovery of a coal deposit by K. Pshenbaev, and then the exploration of scientists, engineers and geologists, invited by the Pavlodar millionaire merchant A. I. Derov in the late 1890s, led to the decision to start the first attempts to mine coal . And the development of shipping on the Irtysh and Ob, the launch of the railway in 1886 from Chelyabinsk to Omsk predetermined the outcome - Ekibastuz coal needs to be exported to the Irtysh. Enlisting the support of the Kyiv sugar producer L. Brodsky and the spiritual mentor Archpriest John of Kronstadt, A. Derov decided to create a joint-stock company for the extraction of Ekibastuz coal, which later became known as Voskresenskoye.

On February 18, 1899, such a society with its own charter was established. And the Voskresensk Joint-Stock Mining Company with a capital of 3 million rubles began the construction of a railway from the deposit to the Irtysh. The shareholders and Derov faced an important task - to determine a place for a pier on the left bank of the Irtysh. It was chosen in Kyzyl Shyrpy tract, between the 5th and 6th auls of the Aksu volost. In April 1899, the construction of a railway from the Irtysh to Ekibastuz began on one broad gauge track, with 2 intermediate stations. The road, like the society, began to be called Voskresenskaya.

The famous Semipalatinsk local historian and researcher, former political exile, populist N. Ya. Konshin, who visited Pavlodar and other districts of the county, very vividly described the Voskresenskaya pier in 1900: “A country road goes to the pier along the left bank of the Irtysh, very tolerable, like all our steppe roads. I rode back along it, but I managed to go to the pier on a steamer, which led barges there to load coal ... Only six hours later, late in the evening, the steamer reached Voskresenskaya pier, where I had to get to the main office of the Society in order to get there permission to travel to Ekibastuz by rail…” Further, our guest from Semipalatinsk wandered for a long time along the pier in the dark in search of the ill-fated office, which was located 1.5 miles from the Irtysh. A night watchman who accidentally came across, learning that Konshin had a note from Derov, led him to the railway station. “There was no room for passengers at the station, and the workers waiting for the train slept on the floor in the hallway, but I was offered to sit in the telephone room. The train from Ekibastuz, which arrived in the morning, stood at the station for a long time, and I took advantage of its stop to inspect the pier. In addition to the main office and railway buildings, there are a number of recently built buildings where the “chief manager” of the office (P. I. Figner) and various employees are located. The buildings are wooden, large, some two stories high. With the mines in Ekibastuz and with Pavlodar, the main office of the Voskresenskaya pier is connected by telephone. According to experts of those years, it was the Erickson telephone system (an American company).

The Voskresenskaya pier and the road operated successfully for several years. During 1900-1903, up to 1.5 million poods of coal per year were transported along the road and reloaded into barges through the pier.

After the bankruptcy of the company in 1903, the pier and the railway fell into disrepair.

Simultaneously with the pier near the Kazakh aul No. 5, in the tract of Kyzyl Shyrpy, a new settlement of adobe houses appeared, where the Kazakh poor lived, who worked on the pier and the railway. After the resettlement of peasants, from 1906, the population of this village gradually increased. The settlement, called "Glinka", by 1911 reached 1000 people. In 1912-1913, changes took place in the life of the former pier and Glinka. By decree of the governor and under pressure from the local Cossacks, the village and the pier were given the name Ermak. In 1914, the plan for the new settlement of Yermak was approved. At the same time, in June 1914, a new "Kyrgyz Mining Society" was established for the extraction of Ekibastuz coal and the railway was opened, after almost a decade of inactivity. Work on the pier revived, the village of Yermak grew into a large village.

In 1917, in one of the explanatory notes on the state of the pier and the railway, it was recorded that on Voskresenskaya pier there was a passenger station building with an area of ​​35 m², a half-stone, half-iron depot for 4 steam locomotives, with an area of ​​88 m². At the depot there were workshops with an area of ​​18 m², a forge, a carpentry workshop and a warehouse. All buildings are made of adobe, roofed with iron. Up to 30 residential buildings, wooden and earthen, with total area up to 330 m². There was a bathhouse, water was supplied from the Irtysh with the help of a pump, water entered the water-lifting building, where there was a tank - a cistern for 2000 buckets. The Wertington pump was powered by steam from a small steamboat type boiler. The railway office on the pier is wooden, there was also an office here - a room for locomotive and conductor crews.

Since 1914 in Yermak, in railway depot, the former locksmith of the Omsk railway workshops Alexei Ivanovich Kotelnikov worked. He got a job as a mechanic in the depot of the Resurrection railway. In 1915, together with Yevgeny Razumov, he organized the first cooperative, but the local merchant Yushkov sought to close it. In 1916, the rich merchant Krasnobryzhov opened the first steam mill, where the engines were installed by a mechanic Kotelnikov, then he worked here as a machinist.

The revolutionary events of 1917 stirred up a quiet life on the pier and in the village of Yermak. In May 1918, the commissioner of the Ekibastuz Council of the National Economy and a member of the Pavlodar Soviet of Deputies S. I. Tsarev became a victim of local merchants. He was brutally murdered near the station. In memory of him, a stele was erected at the place of his death.

During the Civil War, an underground operated in Yermak. In February, a group of Yermakovites was arrested by the Kolchak police and imprisoned in Pavlodar prison.

After 1920, a revolutionary committee was created in Yermak, and then a village council. The first chairman of the village council in Yermak was Bogatkin, and since 1925 - Kotelnikov.

In 1928, the collective farm "Lenin's Way" was organized in Yermak, organized by A. Kotelnikov and S. Matvienko. Until 1928, Yermak was the center of the volost of the Pavlodar district. According to the 1920 census, 1289 people lived in the village, and in 1924 - 2433 people.

In connection with the liquidation of volosts and districts in 1928, the Pavlodar district was formed, Yermak became part of the Pavlodar (then Koryakovsky) district as an ordinary, ordinary village with a village council. After the liquidation of the district, the village from 1930 to 1938 was part of the Pavlodar region.

On February 14, 1938, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Kazakh Central Executive Committee, due to the disaggregation of the Pavlodar and Beskaragai districts, the Kaganovichi district was formed with a center in the village of Ermak, on August 16, 1957, the district was renamed Ermakovskiy.

In connection with the start of the construction of a new city and the first large facilities of ferrous metallurgy and energy, the village of Yermak, by Decree of October 23, 1961, was transformed into a city of regional subordination. On February 21, 1992, the Ermakovsky district was renamed Aksusky.

On May 4, 1993, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of Kazakhstan, the city of Yermak was renamed the city of Aksu.

A few years later, by the decision of the regional akim of July 9, 1997, the territory of the abolished Aksu district was included in the boundaries of the city of Aksu as a rural zone - rural districts and the village of Kalkaman were transferred to the administrative subordination of the city of Aksu.

Infrastructure

city ​​plan

Modern Aksu is an industrial, agricultural city in the Pavlodar region.

Industry

The industrial infrastructure of the city is represented by two city-forming enterprises: the Aksu Ferroalloy Plant and the power plant of JSC EEC.

Since 1960, the construction of the power plant began, the first director was Novik Vladimir Mikhailovich. On December 17, 1968, the first power unit with a capacity of 300 megawatts was put into operation at the state district power station and the first industrial current was given.

In December 1996, the enterprise was transformed into an open joint stock company, the Eurasian Energy Corporation, which later became part of.

Since 1962, the construction of industrial facilities of the ferroalloy plant began. In January 1968, the first ton of ferroalloys was smelted at the plant, and in July 1970, the commissioning of 8 melting furnaces of workshop No. 2 was completed. Topilsky Pyotr Vasilievich was appointed the first director of the Ermakov Ferroalloy Plant. In 1995, the enterprise became part of the Transnational Company Kazchrome. The following social facilities have been preserved by these enterprises: a sports and recreation complex, a dispensary, a swimming pool, a rest house, a medical and health center, in addition, rest houses were purchased in Bayanaul: Fakel and Zhasybay (the latter belongs to EEC JSC)

Large enterprises of the city:

• GKP "Gorvodokanal",
• JSC Aksu Electric Networks,
• LLP "Gorkomhoz-Aksu",
• GKKP "Aksu-Communservice",
• JSC Aksu PATP,
• Aksu Beketi LLP,
• LLP firm "Parus",
• DAniER LLP,
• AksuSpetsStroyService LLP.

More than 900 small and medium-sized businesses operate in the city.

Small and medium-sized businesses employ about 3,835 people who produce goods and services worth more than 500 million tenge. The most important strategic object city ​​is the channel Irtysh-Karaganda named after. I. Satpaeva. Canal Irtysh-Karaganda - the main supplier drinking water to the central and northern parts of Kazakhstan.

Religious and educational life

Christ Resurrection Church

There are 7 religious associations in the city, including a mosque, two Orthodox churches, a Seventh-day Adventist Christian church, a community of Evangelical Baptist Christians, and an Evangelical Christian church. New life” as well as the Religious Association “Jehovah's Witnesses”.

In Aksu, 50 institutions operate in the field of education: 27 schools (3 incomplete), colleges No. 3, No. 19, named after. Zh. Musy, Kazakh gymnasium, lyceum school, 11 primary ungraded schools; 3 out-of-school institutions: House of children's creativity, school of arts, station of young naturalists; 6 preschool institutions.

The place of rest for citizens is the park of culture and recreation, the Palace of Culture named after Sabit Donentaev, cultural and leisure centers of rural settlements.

There is a centralized library with a book fund of more than 78 thousand copies, which has a modem connection with the libraries of rural districts, at the service of citizens in the city. In 2000, our library, one of the first in the region, introduced an electronic system for providing services to the population through e-mail.

Health and sports

The health care structure of the city includes the Aksu Central Hospital, the city polyclinic, the rural hospital in the village of Kalkaman, a tuberculosis dispensary, an ambulance station, 11 rural family medical outpatient clinics, including one private one.

Aksu is a city of athletes. The city has all the conditions for physical education and sports. At the service of the citizens of the Palace of Sports. Imanzhusup Kutpanova, a swimming pool, a sports and recreation complex, a stadium for 5000 seats, a children's and youth sports school, sports grounds in microdistricts of the city and the rural region.

City leaders

Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Yermakov City Council of People's Deputies

• Trusov, Vasily Ivanovich - from March to March
• Moskalenko, Klara Arturovna - from March to January
• Agimbetov, Bashai Agimbetovich - from January to December
• Nagmanov, Kazhmurat Ibraevich - from December to May
• Mendybekov, Amangeldy Urazakovich - from May to February

Heads of Aksu City Administration

• Shokarev, Vladimir Ilyich - from February to September
• Trusov, Evgeny Mikhailovich - since September

Aksu - Kazakh city located in Pavlodar region. It is located 50 kilometers south of Pavlodar. Aksu stands on the left bank of the Irtysh River. Representatives of different nationalities constantly live in Aksu: Kazakhs, Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Germans, Tatars, Chechens, Moldovans, Azerbaijanis.

The history of the city begins at the end of the 19th century, when deposits of coal were discovered in the area of ​​Lake Ekibastuz. For Kazakhstan, which was merging into the capitalist economy, this deposit was very important. Here the first attempts were made to extract coal in a new way - through mines. A railroad was built from the Irtysh to Ekibastuz to transport coal. The settlement founded here was originally called Yermak. In the early 1960s, new large ferrous metallurgy facilities began to be built here, and the energy sector began to actively develop, a power station was built. The village was transformed into a city. In 1993, Yermak was renamed Aksu.

To date, the main city-forming industrial enterprises in Aksu are the power station and the Aksu ferroalloy plant. About 900 small and medium-sized businesses operate in the city, employing four thousand people. The Irtysh-Karaganda canal named after Satpaev is an important object for the strategic development of the city. It is the main supplier of drinking water in various regions Kazakhstan.

Representatives of various religions live in the city, for which Orthodox Church, a mosque, an Evangelical Baptist community, a Seventh-day Adventist Christian church, and the Jehovah's Witnesses association. The education sector in Aksu is served by fifty institutions: kindergartens, schools, lyceums, children's art houses.