What kind of submarines? Russian submarine fleet

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I bring to your attention a photo review of all nuclear submarines in service and under construction for the Russian Navy.

Project 955 "Borey"

1. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-535 “Yuri Dolgoruky” of project 955 “Borey”. Year of entry into the fleet - 2012

2. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-550 “Alexander Nevsky” of Project 955 “Borey”. Year of entry into the fleet - 2013.

3. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-551 “Vladimir Monomakh” of Project 955 “Borey”. Year of entry into the fleet - 2014.

4. Strategic missile submarine cruiser “Prince Vladimir” of project 955 “Borey”. Laid down - 2012.

5. Strategic missile submarine cruiser “Prince Oleg” of project 955 “Borey”. Laid down - 2014.

6. Strategic missile submarine cruiser "Generalissimo Suvorov" of project 955 "Borey". Laid down - 2014.

Project 885 "Ash"

7. Multi-purpose nuclear torpedo submarine with cruise missiles K-560 “Severodvinsk” of project 885 “Ash” Year of entry into the fleet - 2013.

8. Multi-purpose nuclear torpedo submarine with cruise missiles K-561 “Kazan” of Project 885 “Yasen”. Laid down - 2009.

9. Multi-purpose nuclear torpedo submarine with cruise missiles K-573 “Novosibirsk” of Project 885 “Yasen”. Laid down - 2013.

10. Multi-purpose nuclear torpedo submarine with cruise missiles K-173 “Krasnoyarsk” of Project 885 “Ash”. Laid down - 2014.

Project 941UM “Shark”

11. Heavy strategic missile submarine cruiser TK-208 “Dmitry Donskoy” of project 941UM “Akula”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1981

12. Heavy strategic missile submarine cruiser TK-17 "Arkhangelsk" project 941 "Shark". Year of entry into the fleet - 1987. Status - mothballedThis message has been edited Arhyzyk — 01/30/2015 — 20:41

13. Heavy strategic missile submarine cruiser TK-20 "Severstal" project 941 "Shark". Year of entry into the fleet - 1989. Status - mothballed

Project 667BDR "Squid"

14. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-223 “Podolsk” of project 667BDR “Kalmar”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1979.

15. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-433 “St. George the Victorious” of project 667BDR “Squid”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1980.

16. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-44 “Ryazan” of project 667BDR “Kalmar”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1982. Status - under repair

Project 667BDRM "Dolphin"17. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-51 "Verkhoturye" of project 667BDRM "Dolphin". Year of entry into the fleet - 1984

18. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-84 “Ekaterinburg” of project 667BDRM “Dolphin”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1985

19. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-114 “Tula” of project 667BDRM “Dolphin”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1987. Status - under repair

20. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-117 "Bryansk" of project 667BDRM "Dolphin". Year of entry into the fleet - 1988

21. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-18 “Karelia” of project 667BDRM “Dolphin”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1989

22. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-407 “Novomoskovsk” of project 667BDRM “Dolphin”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1990

Project 949A "Antey"

23. Nuclear submarine with cruise missiles K-132 “Irkutsk” of project 949A “Antey”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1988. Status - under repair

24. Nuclear submarine with cruise missiles K-119 “Voronezh” of project 949A “Antey”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1989.

25. Nuclear submarine with cruise missiles K-410 “Smolensk” of project 949A “Antey”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1990.

26. Nuclear submarine with cruise missiles K-442 “Chelyabinsk” of project 949A “Antey”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1990. Status - under repair

27. Nuclear submarine with cruise missiles K-456 “Tver” of Project 949A “Antey”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1992.

28. Nuclear submarine with cruise missiles K-266 “Orel” of project 949A “Antey”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1992. Status - under repair

29. Nuclear submarine with cruise missiles K-186 “Omsk” of project 949A “Antey”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1993.

30. Nuclear submarine with cruise missiles K-150 “Tomsk” of project 949A “Antey” “Dolphin”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1996. Status - under repair

Project 671RTMK "Pike"

31. Nuclear torpedo submarine B-388 “Petrozavodsk” of project 671RTMK “Pike”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1988.

32. Nuclear torpedo submarine B-414 “Daniil Moskovsky” of project 671RTMK “Pike”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1990.

33. Nuclear torpedo submarine B-138 “Obninsk” of project 671RTMK “Pike”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1990.

34. Nuclear torpedo submarine B-448 “Tambov” of project 671RTMK “Pike”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1992. Status - under repair

Project 971 "Pike-B"

35. Nuclear torpedo submarine K-322 “Sperm Whale” of Project 971 “Pike-B”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1988. Status - under repair

36. Nuclear torpedo submarine K-391 “Bratsk” of project 971 “Shchuka-B”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1989. Status - under repair

37. Nuclear torpedo submarine K-331 “Magadan” of project 971 “Pike-B”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1990.

38. Nuclear torpedo submarine K-317 “Panther” of Project 971 “Pike-B”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1990.

Our country's submarine fleet has always represented a force that could not be ignored. After the collapse of the USSR, the development program of the submarine fleet in Russia slowed down for well-known reasons. However, since the 2000s, such a breakthrough has been made in this regard that even many foreign experts were surprised by the changes taking place. At the same time, the Russian leadership is not going to stop there. We will not reveal all the secrets of modernization and the creation of new submarine projects; we will only talk about those Russian submarines that, according to our overseas partners, are the main threat to them.
"Pike-B"
The first place in this list is occupied by nuclear submarines of Project 971 “Shchuka-B” (aka “Akula” according to NATO classification). They belong to the third generation boats and began entering service with the fleet in 1984. The latest advanced modifications pose a particular danger. Multi-purpose "Pikes" are designed to intercept enemy submarines, protect their own and destroy other surface ships. In addition to eight torpedo tubes capable of firing torpedoes, missile-torpedoes, as well as installations for launching cruise missiles (including those with nuclear warheads), no less important “weapons” of the “Akula” are its stealth and low noise.
"Halibut" and "Varshavyanka"
The second and third positions are occupied by the sister submarines Halibut (Project 877) and Varshavyanka (Project 636). Both types are the quietest in their class; the Varshavyanka even received the nickname “Black Hole” in NATO. The designers initially (the main project was created in the 70s of the last century) were given the task of creating a submarine that was guaranteed to emerge victorious in a duel situation. That is, she had to detect and destroy the enemy submarine before it understood anything. And this task was completed. The Halibut is armed with six torpedo tubes, and the Varshavyanka (these submarines of the latest version are being built today for the Black Sea Fleet) also has launchers for firing Caliber cruise missiles. Both types of submarines are readily purchased abroad. Our Halibuts and Varshavyankas are already serving in Algeria, Vietnam, India, and China.
"Borey"
The Project 955 strategic submarine missile carrier Borei was also included in the list of storms of the seas. This is the first submarine entirely designed and built in post-Soviet Russia. The Borei is armed with ballistic missiles with nuclear warheads and torpedo tubes capable of firing an entire arsenal of weapons to destroy surface and underwater ships. The nuclear reactor provides the submarine with an underwater speed of up to 30 knots; it is capable of diving to a depth of 480 m and staying under water for 90 days. Three boats of this class are already in service with the Russian Navy and are capable of performing their assigned mission anywhere in the World Ocean. By 2020, the Russian Ministry of Defense plans to put eight more Boreevs into service.
"Ash"
Well, the latest nuclear submarine of Project 885 “Ash” closes the list of “thunderstorms from under the water”. This is the most modern and most expensive Russian nuclear-powered multi-purpose submarine of the fourth generation. The first ship "Severodvinsk" entered the Northern Fleet in 2014. Sufficiently powerful weapons (homing torpedoes and cruise missiles with a firing range of up to 400 miles) allow the Yasen to hit targets underwater, on water and on land equally effectively.
The boat's hull is made of low-magnetic steel and covered with rubber, which makes it invisible to the enemy. The huge spherical antenna of the hydroacoustic complex, located in the bow of the submarine, allows sailors to hear the enemy ship long before it detects them. An underwater speed of 35 knots, the ability to dive to 600 m and stay under water for up to 100 days make the Yaseni a very powerful and modern weapon.

Hello. Lately, many here have been scaring us with future wars, and at the same time they add that for any jump from outside we have a large number of nuclear submarines for various purposes. I agree with this phrase. Not everyone had time to cut.

Let's find out the current situation with nuclear submarines that are part of the Russian Navy. For this purpose it will be given

Let's start with the new blood in the fleet:

Project 955 "Borey"

1. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-535 “Yuri Dolgoruky” of project 955 “Borey”. Year of entry into the fleet – 2012

2. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-550 “Alexander Nevsky” of Project 955 “Borey”. Year of entry into the fleet - 2013.

3. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-551 “Vladimir Monomakh” of Project 955 “Borey”. Year of entry into the fleet - 2014.

4. Strategic missile submarine cruiser "Prince Vladimir" of project 955 "Borey". Laid down - 2012.

5. Strategic missile submarine cruiser “Prince Oleg” of project 955 “Borey”. Laid down - 2014.

6. Strategic missile submarine cruiser "Generalissimo Suvorov" of project 955 "Borey". Laid down - 2014.

Project 885 "Ash"

7. Multi-purpose nuclear torpedo submarine with cruise missiles K-560 “Severodvinsk” of project 885 “Ash” Year of entry into the fleet - 2013.

8. Multi-purpose nuclear torpedo submarine with cruise missiles K-561 “Kazan” of Project 885 “Yasen”. Laid down - 2009.

9. Multi-purpose nuclear torpedo submarine with cruise missiles K-573 “Novosibirsk” of Project 885 “Yasen”. Laid down - 2013.

10. Multi-purpose nuclear torpedo submarine with cruise missiles K-173 “Krasnoyarsk” of Project 885 “Ash”. Laid down - 2014.

Well, now the honored old men of our fleet.

Project 941UM “Shark”

11. Heavy strategic missile submarine cruiser TK-208 “Dmitry Donskoy” of project 941UM “Akula”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1981

12. Heavy strategic missile submarine cruiser TK-17

"Arkhangelsk" project 941 "Shark". Year of entry into the fleet - 1987. Status - mothballed

13. Heavy strategic missile submarine cruiser TK-20

"Severstal" project 941 "Shark". Year of entry into the fleet - 1989. Status - mothballed

Project 667BDR "Squid"

14. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-223 “Podolsk” of project 667BDR “Kalmar”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1979.

5. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-433 “St. George the Victorious” of project 667BDR “Squid”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1980.

16. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-44 “Ryazan” of project 667BDR “Kalmar”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1982. Status - under repair

Project 667BDRM "Dolphin"

17. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-51 “Verkhoturye” of project 667BDRM “Dolphin”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1984

18. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-84 “Ekaterinburg” of project 667BDRM “Dolphin”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1985

19. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-114 “Tula” of project 667BDRM “Dolphin”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1987. Status - under repair

20. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-117 "Bryansk" of project 667BDRM "Dolphin". Year of entry into the fleet - 1988

21. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-18 “Karelia” of project 667BDRM “Dolphin”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1989

22. Strategic missile submarine cruiser K-407 “Novomoskovsk” of project 667BDRM “Dolphin”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1990

Project 949A "Antey"

23. Nuclear submarine with cruise missiles K-132 “Irkutsk” of project 949A “Antey”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1988. Status - under repair

24. Nuclear submarine with cruise missiles K-119 “Voronezh” of project 949A “Antey”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1989.

25. Nuclear submarine with cruise missiles K-410 “Smolensk” of project 949A “Antey”. Year of entry into the fleet - 1990.

Modern submarines can perform a wide range of missions to detect and destroy enemy ships, submarines or ground targets. In addition, the naval component of the strategic nuclear forces is built entirely on submarines.

Currently, as part of the renewal of the Navy, new submarines of various types are being built. In the foreseeable future, the fleet should receive several dozen submarines, both strategic or multi-purpose, and diesel-electric or special. However, for now, the basis of the submarine fleet in quantitative terms are submarines built earlier, including before the collapse of the Soviet Union.

The four fleets of the Russian Navy (with the exception of the Caspian Flotilla) currently serve a total of 76 submarines of various types. Strategic missile submarines (SSBNs), nuclear attack submarines, diesel submarines, as well as a number of special purpose nuclear and diesel submarines are in service and in reserve.

Strategic missile cruisers

The basis of the naval component of nuclear forces are nuclear submarines of the project. Currently, the Russian Navy has six such submarines: K-51 "Verkhoturye", K-84 "Ekaterinburg", K-114 "Tula", K-117 "Bryansk", K-118 "Karelia" and K-407 "Novomoskovsk". The submarine "Ekaterinburg" is currently undergoing repairs. Completion of work and delivery of the boat is scheduled for the end of this year.

Another submarine of the Dolphin project, K-64, was withdrawn from the fleet in 1999 and soon went for refurbishment. All six Project 677BDRM submarines serve in the Northern Fleet.

The second largest type of SSBN in the Russian Navy - project 667BDR "Squid". Submarines of this type were built from the mid-seventies to the early eighties. Most of the Kalmar submarine cruisers have now been decommissioned and disposed of. Currently, the fleet has only three submarines of this type: K-433 “St. George the Victorious”, K-223 “Podolsk” and K-44 “Ryazan”. The latter is the newest of the existing Project 667BDR submarines and was delivered to the fleet in 1982. All three Kalmars serve in the Pacific Ocean.

Until the mid-nineties, nuclear deterrence tasks were carried out by the K-129 Orenburg submarine, built according to project 667BDR. In 1996, it was decided to convert it into a carrier for deep-sea vehicles. Currently, Orenburg belongs to project 09786 and is designated BS-136.

There are three in service and in reserve in the Northern Fleet. The heavy missile cruiser TK-208 “Dmitry Donskoy” continues to serve. This was facilitated by repairs and modernization in accordance with Project 941UM, during which the submarine received equipment for the Bulava missile system. Two other Akulas, the TK-17 Arkhangelsk and the TK-20 Severstal, were put into reserve in the middle of the last decade due to the lack of R-39 missiles. Their future fate has not yet been determined.

In January 2013, a flag-raising ceremony took place on the lead SSBN of the new one. The submarine K-535 Yuri Dolgoruky, under construction since 1996, passed all tests and was handed over to the fleet. At the end of December of the same year, the submarine cruiser K-550 Alexander Nevsky was accepted into the Navy. The lead submarine of the Borei project became part of the Northern Fleet, the first production submarine became part of the Pacific Fleet.

Multipurpose nuclear submarines

The tasks of destroying various surface, underwater and coastal targets are assigned to multi-purpose nuclear submarines armed with cruise missiles and torpedoes. The most popular nuclear submarines of this class are. The Russian Navy has 11 submarines of this type, distributed between the Northern and Pacific fleets. Five Shchuka-B submarines serve in the Pacific Fleet, six are in the Northern Fleet.

At the moment, five Project 971 submarines are undergoing repairs or are being prepared for them. To date, the Navy has lost three submarines of this type. The K-284 “Akula” boat has been in storage since 2002, the K-480 “Ak Bars” was handed over for disposal at the end of the last decade, and the dismantling of the K-263 “Barnaul” started last year.

The fate of the K-152 “Nerpa” boat is worth special consideration. It was laid down in 1991 for the domestic fleet, but financial difficulties led to the failure of all work deadlines. In 2004, a contract was signed, according to which the submarine was planned to be completed and transferred to the Indian Navy. After a number of difficulties, all work was completed, and in January 2012 the submarine was accepted by the customer.

The second largest multi-purpose nuclear submarines in the Russian Navy are. There are 5 and 3 submarines of this type in service in the Pacific and Northern fleets, respectively. Initially, it was planned that the Navy would receive 18 of these submarines, but the financial capabilities of the fleet allowed the construction of only 11. To date, three boats of the Antey project have been out of service.

In August 2000, the K-141 Kursk submarine tragically died, and since the end of the 2000s, work has been underway to dismantle the K-148 Krasnodar and K-173 Krasnoyarsk submarines. Of the remaining submarines, four are currently undergoing repairs.

From the late seventies to the early nineties, four submarines of projects 945 "Barracuda" and 945A "Condor". The ships B-239 “Karp” and B-276 “Kostroma” were built according to project 945, and the ships B-534 “Nizhny Novgorod” and B-336 “Pskov” were built according to project 945A. All these submarines are part of the Northern Fleet. Last year, work began on the repair and modernization of the Karp submarine. After it, Kostroma will undergo repairs. "Pskov" and "Nizhny Novgorod" continue to serve.

There are still four in the Northern Fleet multi-purpose nuclear submarines of Project 671RTMK "Pike". Two submarines, B-414 "Daniil Moskovsky" and B-338 "Petrozavodsk" continue to serve, and two others, B-138 "Obninsk" and B-448 "Tambov" are under repair. In accordance with current plans, all the Shchukas in the fleet will end their service in the foreseeable future. It was previously reported that all of them will be written off by the end of 2015. They will be replaced by new types of multi-purpose submarines.

Infographics – defendingrussia.ru

On June 17, 2014, a solemn flag-raising ceremony took place on submarine K-560, the lead and so far the only ship. The first Yasen was laid down at the end of 1993 and launched only in 2010. By 2020, it is planned to build 8 Yasen-class submarines equipped with missile weapons.

Due to the long construction time for the lead submarine, all other submarines in the series will be built according to the updated 885M project. Currently, there are three new type submarines on the stocks of the Sevmash enterprise: Kazan, Novosibirsk and Krasnoyarsk.

Non-nuclear submarines

Since the early eighties, several domestic shipyards have been engaged in mass production diesel-electric submarines of project 877 "Halibut". Over the past decades, several versions of this project have been created, thanks to which the Halibuts of various modifications have become the most popular submarines in the Russian Navy.

The Baltic Fleet has two submarines of the Halibut project: B-227 Vyborg and B-806 Dmitrov (Project 877EKM). The Black Sea Fleet has only one Project 877B boat - the B-871 Alrosa. The Northern Fleet has the second largest group of Halibuts - five Project 877 diesel-electric submarines and one Project 877LPMB. Finally, eight Project 877 Halibut diesel-electric submarines serve at the bases of the Pacific Fleet.

A further development of the 877 project is project 636 “Varshavyanka” and its versions. On August 22, 2014, the lead submarine of Project 636.3, the B-261 Novorossiysk, was accepted into service with the Black Sea Fleet. By the end of the decade, the Black Sea Fleet will receive five more submarines of this type. Two of them, B-237 Rostov-on-Don and B-262 Stary Oskol, have already been launched.

Until recently, great hopes were placed on Project 677 Lada diesel-electric submarine, which are a further development of “Halibuts”. Previously, there were plans to build a series of several Project 677 boats, but tests of the lead ship forced serious adjustments to be made to them. As a result, the first submarine of the project, B-585 St. Petersburg, is in trial operation by the Northern Fleet. Two production ships of Project 677 are under construction. Due to problems with the lead submarine, the construction of serial submarines was suspended for some time.

Special equipment

In addition to combat submarines, the Russian Navy has a number of special submarines and underwater vehicles designed to perform specific tasks of various kinds. For example, the Baltic, Northern and Pacific fleets operate four Project 1855 "Priz" deep-sea rescue vehicles.

According to open data, the Northern Fleet has 10 special-purpose nuclear and diesel-electric submarines designed to perform various tasks. This equipment is intended to carry out research work, conduct rescue operations and ensure combat duty of submarine missile cruisers.

The most famous representative of this class of technology is one capable of diving to depths of several kilometers. It was reported that in September 2012, Losharik participated in research work in the Arctic, during which its crew collected soil samples at a depth of more than 2 kilometers.

In the future, the Russian Navy should receive a number of new special-purpose submarines. Thus, since 2012, the Belgorod submarine of Project 949A has been completed according to a special project, thanks to which it will be able to become a carrier of deep-sea research vehicles. Last spring, representatives of the Navy claimed that the military department plans to build a special hydroacoustic patrol submarine, the task of which will be to detect underwater targets at a distance of up to several hundred kilometers.

Prospects

At the moment, in total, the Russian Navy has more than seven dozen submarines and devices for various purposes. The vast majority of this equipment was built before the collapse of the Soviet Union, which has a corresponding impact on both the condition and capabilities of the submarine fleet.

However, in recent years, a number of measures have been taken to update it. In accordance with current plans, by 2020 the Navy should receive a relatively large number of new submarines.

By the end of this decade, the fleet will receive eight Project 955 Borei strategic missile carriers, the same number of Project 885 Yasen multi-purpose nuclear submarines and six Project 636.3 Varshavyanka diesel-electric submarines.

Nuclear-powered Borei and Yasen missiles will be distributed between the Northern and Pacific fleets. “Varshavyanka”, in turn, will serve at Black Sea bases. Previously it was reported about plans regarding the future project 677 Lada. In the near future, it is planned to develop an updated version of this project, which will use a new power plant. The successful completion of this project will expand plans for the construction of non-nuclear submarines.

In parallel with the construction of new submarines, the old ones will be decommissioned. For example, by 2015-16 it is planned to stop operating the remaining Project 671RTMK Shchuka nuclear submarines. Almost all submarines of this type have already been withdrawn from the fleet and disposed of, and only four remain in service.

Over time, similar processes will occur with other types of submarines, which will be replaced by the new Yasen, Borei, Varshavyanka and, possibly, Lada. However, a complete renewal of the submarine fleet will take a long time and will be one of the most expensive projects in the entire history of the Russian Navy.

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